• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.247-257
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• 2014

Purpose: It is reported that most senior people consume a high carbohydrate diet, while a high carbohydrate diet could contribute to the risk of chronic disease. The aim of this study is to determine whether a high carbohydrate diet can increase the risk of chronic disease in elderly Koreans. Methods: Using the 2007-2009 Korean National Health Nutrition Examination Survey data, out of a total of 3,917 individuals aged 65 and above, final 1,535 subjects were analyzed, divided by dietary carbohydrate energy ratio into two groups of moderate carbohydrate ratio (MCR, 55-70%) and excessive carbohydrate ratio (ECR, > 70%). All data were processed after the application of weighted value, using a general linear model or logistic regression. Results: Eighty one percent of elderly Koreans consumed diets with carbohydrate energy ratio above 70%. The ECR group included more female subjects, rural residents, lower income, and lower education level. The ECR group showed lower waist circumference, lower diastolic blood pressure, and lower frequency of consumption of meat and egg, milk, and alcohol. The intake of energy and most nutrients, with the exception of fiber, potassium, vitamin A, and carotene, was lower in the ECR group compared to the MCR group. When analyzed by gender, the ECR group showed lower risk of dyslipidemia in male and obesity in female subjects, even though the ECR group showed low intake of some nutrients. No difference in the risk of hypertension, diabetes, and anemia was observed between the two groups in male or female subjects. Conclusion: This result suggested that a high carbohydrate diet would not be a cause to increase the risk of chronic disease in the elderly. Further study is needed in order to determine an appropriate carbohydrate energy ratio for elderly Koreans to reduce the risk of chronic disease.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.233-243
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• 2011

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of future climate change on growing period and temperature in different rice maturity types as global warming progressed, where Odaebyeo, Hwaseongbyeo, Ilpumbyeo were used as a representative cultivar of early, medium, and medium-late rice maturity type, respectively, and A1B scenario was applied to weather data for future climate change at 57 sites in Korea. When cropping season was not adjusted to climate change, entire growing period and growing temperature were shorten and risen, respectively, as global warming progressed. On the other side, when cropping season was adjusted to climate change, growing period and temperature after heading date were not changed in contrast to growing period and growing temperature before heading which were more seriously shortened and risen as global warming progressed than in not adjusted cropping season. It is supposed that adjusting cropping season to climate change can alleviate rice yield reduction and quality deterioration to some degree by improving growing temperature condition during grain-filling period, but also still have a limit such as seriously shortened growing period indicating that there need to develope actively new rice cultivation methods and varieties for future climate change.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.261-269
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to identify the significance of climate factors related to the significance of change of dry matter yield (DMY) of whole crop maize (WCM) by year through the exploratory data analysis. The data (124 varieties; n=993 in 7 provinces) was prepared after deletion and modification of the insufficient and repetitive data from the results (124 varieties; n=1027 in 7 provinces) of import adaptation experiment done by National Agricultural Cooperation Federation. WCM was classified into early-maturity (25 varieties, n=200), mid-maturity (40 varieties, n=409), late-maturity (27 varieties, n=234) and others (32 varieties, n=150) based on relative maturity and days to silking. For determining climate factors, 6 weather variables were generated using weather data. For detecting DMY and climate factors, SPSS21.0 was used for operating descriptive statistics and Shapiro-Wilk test. Mean DMY by year was classified into upper and lower groups, and a statistically significant difference in DMY was found between two groups (p<0.05). To find the reasons of significant difference between two groups, after statistics analysis of the climate variables, it was found that Seeding-Harvesting Accumulated Growing Degree Days (SHAGDD), Seeding-Harvesting Precipitation (SHP) and Seeding-Harvesting Hour of sunshine (SHH) were significantly different between two groups (p<0.05), whereas Seeding-Harvesting number of Days with Precipitation (SHDP) had no significant effects on DMY (p>0.05). These results indicate that the SHAGDD, SHP and SHH are related to DMY of WCM, but the comparison of R2 among three variables (SHAGDD, SHP and SHH) couldn't be obtained which is needed to be done by regression analysis as well as the prediction model of DMY in the future study.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.272-277
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• 1998

Filtering rates of two farming ascidians Styela clava and S. plicata, and of a farming mussel Mytilus edulis were experimentally investigated with reference to effects of water temperature and size. Absorptiometric determinations of filtering rates were carried out in a closed system with experimental animals being decreased indicate dyes neutral red. Optical density (OD) of 440 nm in path length 22 mm cell used as the indication of food particles absorption was appeared directly in proportion with the concentration of neutral red dyes. The filtering rate F is calculated by Kim's equation $F\;=\;V(1-e^{-z})$, where V is the water volume ($\ell$) in the experimental jar, and Z is the decreasing coefficient of OD as meaning of instantaneous removal speed as In $C_t\;=\;In\;C_{o}-Z{\cdot}t$, in this formula $C_t$ is OD at the time t. Filtering rate of S. clava increased as exponential function with increasing temperature while not over critical limit, and the critical temperature for filtering rate was assumed to be between $28^{\circ}C$ and $29^{\circ}C$. In case of S. plicata, the critical temperature was to be below $13^{\circ}C$, and through the temperature range $15\~25^{\circ}C$ appeared a little difference in level even though with significant. M. edulis was not appear any significant effects by water temperature less than $29^{\circ}C$. The model formula derived from the results is as below, where F is filtering rate (${\ell}/hr/animal$), T is water temperature ($^{\circ}C$), and DW is dry meat weight (g) of experimental animal. $$S.\;Clava;\;F\;=\;e xp\;(0.119\;T-4.540)\;(DW)^{0.6745},\;T<29^{\circ}C$$) $$S.\;plicata;\;F\;=\;e xp\;(A_t)\;(DW)^{0.5675},\;(13^{\circ}C $$[A_t =-8.56+0.6805\;T-0.0153\;T^2]$$ $$M.\;edulis;\;F\;=\;0.3844\;(DW)^{0.4952},\;<29^{\circ}C$$)

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.137-157
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• 2019

Companies are trying to use enterprise SNS for collaboration and speedy decision-making. This study verified the mediating effect of communication between enterprise SNS and job performance, and proved the moderating effect of nationality between enterprise SNS and communication. This study collected survey data of 81 Korean and 81 Chinese from employees who have used enterprise SNS in Korea and China. As results of data analysis, first, enterprise SNS improved job performance through speedy information sharing and error reduction. Second, communication mediated the effect of enterprise SNS on job performance. Third, enterprise SNS increased the level of organizational communication through decreasing the burden of offline face-to-face communication. Compared with Chinese corporate organizations, Korean corporate organizations have high power distances, centralized control, and high superior authority. Therefore, in the off-line communication situation, the subordinate feels the social pressure to follow the command of the superior. Thus communication is one-way and closed. In this Korean organizational situation, corporate SNS can be used as a means to bypass rigid offline communication. In the online communication environment of non face-to-face corporate SNS, anxiety and stress of face-to-face communication can be reduced, so communication between the upper and lower sides can flow more smoothly. The contribution of this paper is that it proved that enterprise SNS promotes communication and improve job performance by reducing the anxiety or stress of offline communication, while according to prior research successful adoption of many types of information systems requires the fit between an organization and its organizational culture.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.89-101
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• 2017

Crime occurs differently based on not only place locations and building uses but also the characteristics of the people who use the place and the spatial structures of the buildings and locations. Therefore, if spatial big data, which contain spatial and regional properties, can be utilized, proper crime prevention measures can be enacted. Recently, with the advent of big data and the revolutionary intelligent information era, predictive policing has emerged as a new paradigm for police activities. Based on 7420 actual crime incidents occurring over three years in a typical provincial city, "J city," this study identified the areas in which crimes occurred and predicted risky areas. Spatial regression analysis was performed using spatial big data about only physical and environmental variables. Based on the results, using the street width, average number of building floors, building coverage ratio, the type of use of the first floor (Type II neighborhood living facility, commercial facility, pleasure use, or residential use), this study established a Crime Incident Prediction Model (CIPM) based on Bayesian probability theory. As a result, it was found that the model was suitable for crime prediction because the overlap analysis with the actual crime areas and the receiver operating characteristic curve (Roc curve), which evaluated the accuracy of the model, showed an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.8. It was also found that a block where the commercial and entertainment facilities were concentrated, a block where the number of building floors is high, and a block where the commercial, entertainment, residential facilities are mixed are high-risk areas. This study provides a meaningful step forward to the development of a crime prediction model, unlike previous studies that explored the spatial distribution of crime and the factors influencing crime occurrence.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.357-368
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• 2002

In this study we have tried to explain the barrel-shaped morphology for young supernova remnants considering the dynamical effects of the ejecta. We consider the magnetic field amplification resulting from the Rayleigh-Taylor instability near the contact discontinuity. We can generate the synthetic radio image assuming the cosmic-ray pressure and calculate the azimuthal intensity ratio (A) to enable a quantitative comparison with observations. The postshock magnetic field are amplified by shearing, stretching, and compressing at the R-T finger boundary. The evolution of the instability strongly depends on the deceleration of the ejecta and the evolutionary stage of the remnant. the strength of the magnetic field increases in the initial phase and decreases after the reverse shock passes the constant density region of the ejecta. However, some memory of the earlier phases of amplification is retained in the interior even when the outer regions turn into a blast wave. The ratio of the averaged magnetic field strength at the equator to the one at the pole in the turbulent region can amount to 7.5 at the peak. The magnetic field amplification can make the large azimuthal intensity ratio (A=15). The magnitude of the amplification is sensitive to numerical resolution. This mens the magnetic field amplification can explain the barrel-shaped morphology of young supernova remnant without the dependence of the efficiency of the cosmic-ray acceleration on the magnetic field configuration. In order for this mechanism to be effective, the surrounding magnetic field must be well-ordered. The small number of barrel-shaped remnants may indicate that this condition rarely occurs.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.69-85
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• 2016

Successful relationship with loving partners is one of the most important factors in life. In psychology, there have been some previous researches studying the factors influencing romantic relationships. However, most of these researches were performed based on statistical analysis; thus they have limitations in analyzing complex non-linear relationships or rules based reasoning. This research analyzes commitment and persistence in heterosexual involvement according to styles of loving using a datamining technique as well as statistical methods. In this research, we consider six different styles of loving - 'eros', 'ludus', 'stroge', 'pragma', 'mania' and 'agape' which influence romantic relationships between lovers, besides the factors suggested by the previous researches. These six types of love are defined by Lee (1977) as follows: 'eros' is romantic, passionate love; 'ludus' is a game-playing or uncommitted love; 'storge' is a slow developing, friendship-based love; 'pragma' is a pragmatic, practical, mutually beneficial relationship; 'mania' is an obsessive or possessive love and, lastly, 'agape' is a gentle, caring, giving type of love, brotherly love, not concerned with the self. In order to do this research, data from 105 heterosexual couples were collected. Using the data, a linear regression method was first performed to find out the important factors associated with a commitment to partners. The result shows that 'satisfaction', 'eros' and 'agape' are significant factors associated with the commitment level for both male and female. Interestingly, in male cases, 'agape' has a greater effect on commitment than 'eros'. On the other hand, in female cases, 'eros' is a more significant factor than 'agape' to commitment. In addition to that, 'investment' of the male is also crucial factor for male commitment. Next, decision tree analysis was performed to find out the characteristics of high commitment couples and low commitment couples. In order to build decision tree models in this experiment, 'decision tree' operator in the datamining tool, Rapid Miner was used. The experimental result shows that males having a high satisfaction level in relationship show a high commitment level. However, even though a male may not have a high satisfaction level, if he has made a lot of financial or mental investment in relationship, and his partner shows him a certain amount of 'agape', then he also shows a high commitment level to the female. In the case of female, a women having a high 'eros' and 'satisfaction' level shows a high commitment level. Otherwise, even though a female may not have a high satisfaction level, if her partner shows a certain amount of 'mania' then the female also shows a high commitment level. Finally, this research built a prediction model to establish whether the relationship will persist or break up using a decision tree. The result shows that the most important factor influencing to the break up is a 'narcissistic tendency' of the male. In addition to that, 'satisfaction', 'investment' and 'mania' of both male and female also affect a break up. Interestingly, while the 'mania' level of a male works positively to maintain the relationship, that of a female has a negative influence. The contribution of this research is adopting a new technique of analysis using a datamining method for psychology. In addition, the results of this research can provide useful advice to couples for building a harmonious relationship with each other. This research has several limitations. First, the experimental data was sampled based on oversampling technique to balance the size of each classes. Thus, it has a limitation of evaluating performances of the predictive models objectively. Second, the result data, whether the relationship persists of not, was collected relatively in short periods - 6 months after the initial data collection. Lastly, most of the respondents of the survey is in their 20's. In order to get more general results, we would like to extend this research to general populations.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2016

Purpose Self-congruity deals with the effect of symbolic value-expressive attributes on consumer decision and behavior, which is the theoretical foundation of the "non-utilitarian destination positioning". Functional congruity refers to utilitarian evaluation of a product or service by consumers. In addition, recent years, social network services, especially mobile social network services have created many opportunities for e-WOM communication that enables consumers to share personal consumption related information anywhere at any time. Moreover, self-construal is a hot and popular topic that has been discussed in the field of modem psychology as well as in marketing area. This study aims to examine the moderating effect of self-construal on the relationship between self-congruity, functional congruity and tourists' positive electronic word of mouth (e-WOM). Design/methodology/approach In order to verify the hypotheses, we developed a questionnaire with 32 survey items. We measured all the items on a five-point Likert-type scale. We used Sojump.com to collect questionnaire and gathered 218 responses from whom have visited Korea before. After a pilot test, we analyzed the main survey data by using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 18.0, and employed structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses. We first estimated the measurement model for its overall fit, reliability and validity through a confirmatory factor analysis and used common method bias test to make sure that whether measures are affected by common-method variance. Then we tested the hypotheses through the structural model and used regression analysis to measure moderating effect of self-construal. Findings The results reveal that the effect of self-congruity on tourists' positive e-WOM is stronger for tourists with an independent self-construal compared with those with interdependent self-construal. Moreover, it shows that the effect of functional congruity on tourists' positive e-WOM becomes salient when tourists' self-construal is primed to be interdependent rather than independent. We expect that the results of this study can provide important implications for academic and practical perspective.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.307-314
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• 2010

This study aimed to measure such features of emotional responses perceived by students as learning climate, department living stress, and perceived helplessness to analyze their effects on major satisfaction among students at the department of dental hygiene; to do this, a survey was conducted with 431 students, regardless of college year, who were at the department of dental hygiene in four colleges in Gyeonggi Province, Daejeon, and Chungcheong Province. An existing emotion scale which went through the generalization process was used to draw a multiple model in the combination form in order to collect emotional factors affecting college students' satisfaction with their major, which had existed as a hypothetical proposition, and make overall interpretation of relevance through the explainable, predictable modeling process by measuring emotional factors and phenomenal description of the level of general perception. The results showed that major satisfaction was very significantly affected by emotional features among students at the department of dental hygiene, which needs to be treated as an important factor to enhance expertise related to major learning and improve students' living.