• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.64-74
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• 2014

Ecological parks enable the sustainable use of natural resources and can be used as a place for site based environmental education. This study presented an opportunity to expand the scope of user perceptions and leisure benefits into urban ecological parks. However, in-depth studies which are aimed at eco-park visitors seeking the leisure benefits of the eco experience programs are lacking. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the urban ecological park user' characteristics which were derived by analyzing the leisure benefits and attitudes for the environment. Also, the attitudes about the environment, and the leisure benefits of visiting urban ecological parks was found to influence visitors' overall satisfaction. To accomplish the purposes of this study, a questionnaire survey with 282 samples was carried out on the urban ecological park(Gildong ecological park, Yeouido tributary ecology park). The results of the analyses are as following: urban ecological park visitors had a positive attitude about the environment, and felt satisfied by the visitors' leisure benefits. The study also examined the relationships between visitors' expectations of the leisure benefits both before visiting and after visiting. The results showed that ecological park visitors had greater expectations regarding the leisure benefits of the ecological program. Leisure benefits have a positive influence on overall satisfaction, and a positive attitude for the environment does not affect satisfaction. This study reaches the conclusion that the ecology experience program utilizing ecological parks is very effective with regard to overall satisfaction in urban areas toward the general environment and ecological parks. One of the major implications of this study is to offer a way to improve user leisure benefits and promote ecological programs by developing ecological parks for the future.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.289-290
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• 2000

산성비는 광역적인 오염현상으로 넓은 지역의 생태계 파괴를 가져온다는 점에서 주목되고 있다. 산성비중 강우성분은 계절적 변화의 폭이 크며, 지역적인 영향도 무시할 수 없다. 특히, 우리나라는 중국에 인접하여 대기오염물질 배출량이 큰 중국의 영향을 받기 쉬우며, 봄철 황사시 중금속, 황산화물의 농도가 증가한다. 또한, 해당지역의 대기질이나 강수량 등 기상조건에 의해 영향을 받는 지역이 다르므로 산성비 조성의 해석이 쉽지는 않다. (최금찬등, 1998) (중략)

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.290-297
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• 2019

The estuary is a transition zone where fresh water and salt water meet because the stream is connected to the open sea area. So estuaries have very high biodiversity and form a unique ecosystem. However, before the recognition of the ecological value of the estuaries, various damage and disturbances have been occurred so countermeasures are needed. The river master plan is acting as a disturbance factor. However, the river master plan has the public object such as water disaster defense, river function improvement, and national water resources management. Therefore, it is necessary to study the ways in which the opposite relationship of development and ecosystem protection coexist. In this study, the concept of environmental windows were used to estimate the low impact development duration. We expected that proposed method for low impact development duration estimation can be used as a basis and basic data to protected the ecosystem from development project and disturbance in the future.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.113-124
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze community members' perception due to impacts on use and development of Dulegil in Bukhansan National Park. The study was conducted by questionnaire survey sent to community members of the vicinity of Dulegil. Average score of positive impact on the local community was 3.2. Positive impacts mentioned by community members were 'heightened pride in their community with increased community image' and 'improvement of landscape and natural environment.' Improved residents' awareness of landscape and natural environment indicated that Dulegil almost accomplished intended goal of preservation of ecosystem. However, actual effects on ecosystem preservation and local economy were not perceptible yet. Score of negative impact was 2.8 on average. 'Traffic congestion' and 'increase in noise level' were considered the most serious among the negative impacts. Environmental pollution and destruction of vegetation in the lowland were deemed relatively bad. Regarding resident awareness of community, those in their 50s and older were quite satisfied with the community. However, young people showed lower level of satisfaction. In order to satisfy all ages, infrastructure and programs for the youth should be in place. To minimize negative awareness of impacts of Dulegil, visitor's attitude should be changed, and education and training on the value and mind set of horizontal hiking are required.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.340-340
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• 2011

자연하천의 안정은 하상경사, 유사이동, 원지반의 상태, 저수로의 깊이, 하도 및 하안의 구조와 하안식생 등에 달려있다. 이 중 하상경사는 가장 중요한 요소로써 하도의 안정을 위해서는 무엇보다도 이를 적절하게 유지하는 방안을 모색하여야 한다(김혜주 등, 2003). 이러한 자연하천의 안정을 위하여 주로 하상유지시설을 설치하는 것이 보편적이다. 이러한 낙차공의 설치는 하천설계기준을 근거로 하상의 안정성 확보라는 설치 목적에 맞게 설계 및 시공이 이루어져 하도의 안정에는 나름대로 효과적이지만 하천환경의 연속성 차단 등 다양한 생태·환경적 폐해가 나타나고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다(김혜주 등, 2003). 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위해 낙차공과 같은 횡단구조물의 본체에 어도를 설치하거나 계단형 또는 경사형 본체를 갖는 구조물이 제안되고 있으나 현재까지 제안된 보완적인 방법들로는 근본적인 생태단절을 해소하기에는 무리가 있다. 따라서 낙차공 등 하천 수공구조물 설치로 인해 야기되는 생태 환경적 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 대상하천에 서식하는 생물에 대한 이해가 우선 이루어져야 하며 이를 바탕으로 설계 및 시공하는 것이 가장 효과적이다. 이를 위해서는 구조물 설치에 따라 변화되는 수리현상에 대한 정확한 분석이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내외에서 제안되고 있는 낙차공 중 통나무를 이용한 낙차공의 평면형태에 따른 하류부 세굴현상을 수리실험을 통해 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 평면형태(horizontal)에 따른 세굴영향을 파악하고자 평면각을 $70^{\circ}$에서 최대 $180^{\circ}$로 변화시켜 세굴 실험을 수행하였다. 상향 V형만을 고려한 이유는 하향 V형의 경우($\theta$>$180^{\circ}$)에는 낙차공을 월류하는 흐름으로 인해 구조물 하류부 좌 우안측에 세굴이 발생하기 쉽기 때문에 자연하천의 경우 호안측 침식이 발생한 수 있고 또한 실험수로 벽면영향으로 인해 세굴형태가 왜곡될 우려가 있어 하향 형태의 낙차공은 실험대상에서 제외하였다. 낙차공의 평면 형태가 세굴심에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과, 유입 Froude 수( )에 대해 높은 상관이 있으며 또한 평면각도에 따라 변하는 낙차공의 횡단길이가 낙차공 하류부의 세굴심에 큰 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인할 수 있었고, 세굴길이의 경우, 평면형태에 따른 세굴길이와 세굴심의 비는 낙차공의 평면각도의 증가에 따라 세굴 길이가 짧아짐을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.18-33
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect that consumption patterns of human affect the ecosystem using analysis of ecological footprint(EF) and assessment of ecosystem service value in Daegu Metropolitan Area. The data for analysis were constructed from statistical yearbook of each city and average of public land price on land category. According to the EF analysis on city, total EF of Goryeong was showed the highest by 3.3052gha in 2007. However, total EF of Daegu was assessed the lowest by 2.0134gha among 8 cities. In the results of ecological deficit, 7 cities except Gunwi were assessed by condition of ecological deficit and had exceeded environmental capacity until 2007. Specially, it was analyzed that Daegu may need additional area more than about 30 times to maintain the present consumption patterns. On the one side, the results of analysis of ecosystem service value in Daegu were assessed that citizens of Daegu have borrowed about 1,078.6 million wons to ecosystem per year and one person.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1989-1993
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• 2009

댐의 조절방류가 하류 하천생태에 미는 영향은 매우 복잡하다. 하류생물상에 미치는 영향은 댐에서의 거리, 유황의 변화크기에 따라 달라진다. 흐르는 물에 서식하는 물고기는 좋아하는 수심, 유속 및 하상재질 등을 이용하여 살아간다. 다만 생물상은 주변환경에 적응하거나 변화하는 능력이 있어 댐의 조절방류에 의한 수생태계 변화구조를 명확히 해석하기는 불가능하다(Power et al., 1988). 댐에 의한 일정방류는 생물다양성을 감소시키며, 보다 변동성이 큰 방류하천은 하천, 연안 및 생물상 변화 유도에 긍정적인 것은 사실이다. 또한 큰 규모의 홍수파는 하천지형의 동적활동을 촉진시키며, 이는 하천을 터전으로 서식하는 동물상을 위한 생태학적 여건을 개선시켜 주게 된다. 이는 주변 식생의 생태적 조건 변화에 도움을 주기 때문에 적어도 1년에 2번 정도의 홍수파방류는 하천주변 서식처의 다양성 변화에 필요한 것으로 보고되고 있다(Kondolf and Wilcock, 1996). 최근들어 댐 하류하천의 생태복원을 위해 연속적인 홍수파 방류의 중요성이 강조되고 있는데(Stanford et al, 1996) 자연하도에서 댐과 같은 구조물에 의한 유량조절은 하중도나 사주 등을 발달시키고 사주에서는 두꺼운 식생층이 형성될 뿐만아니라 수목군의 현저한 출현을 보여준다. 이렇게 사주나 식생이 고착됨에 따라 이의 저항을 피해가는 수로가 형성되고 저수로 구간외에서는 식생의 발달이 더욱 왕성해져 그 면적이 확대되고 있다. 결국 사주와 사주가 식생으로 연결되고 여기에 수목이 자라면서 웬만한 홍수에도 파괴되지 않는 거대한 식생대가 출현하게 되는데 우리나라에서도 많은 하천에서 볼 수 있는 현상이다. 또한 댐에 의한 퇴사의 차단은 하천지형의 불균형을 초래하고 식생의 발달과 함께 저수도부는 좁아지고 세굴에 의해 깊어지는 현상을 보인다. 이와같은 현상들은 수문특성의 변화에 의하여 결국 댐의 조절방류에 의한 수문 변화는 하천지형의 변화를 유발하고 하천지형의 변화는 하천환경에 변화를 미치게 된다. 본 연구에서는 실제적으로 댐이 건설된 지역에서 조사된 몇몇의 자료를 분석하여 댐건설후에 나타나는 부정적 영향을 최소화하기 위한 바람직한 댐운영방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.155-165
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ecosystem of Yeongsan Lake using physical, chemical, and biological indicators. We evaluated the integrative ecosystem health using Lentie Ecosystem Health Assessment (LEHA) model, Qualitative Health Evaluation Index (QHEI) model, and chemical water quality. The models of LEHA and QHEI were modified as 10 and 7 metries attributes, respectively. Also, we analyzed bioaccumulation of total mercury on various fish tissues by method of U.S. EPA 7473 using Direct Mercury Analyzer (Model DMA-80). Model values of LEHA model averaged 19 (range: $14{\sim}26$, n=15), which indicated a "poor" condition, and had slightly spatial variations. Values of the QHEI in the all sites averaged 72, which were judged as a "fair" to "good" condition. The QHEI values varied from 48 (fair condition) to 99 (good condition) and showed large longitudinal gradients between the upper and lower reach. Conductivity and salinity were increased from the up-lake to downlake reach. Analysis of total mercury in fish tissues showed that levels of total Hg ranged between 0.002 and $0.087\;mg\;L^{-1}$ depending on the types of tissues. Overall, the ecosystem health in the Yeongsan Lake was judged as a "poor" and the effects of bioaccumulation on the fish tissues were minor. Therefore, it is necessary to keep an efficient management for the lake environment to maintain their ecological health.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.380-389
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• 2020

Research on diagnosing and predicting the response of ecosystems caused by environmental changes such as artificial disturbance and climate change is emerging as the most important issue of biodiversity and ecosystem researches. This study aims to clean, standardize, and provide the results of National Ecosystem Survey which should be considered fundamentally in diagnosing and predicting ecosystem changes in the form of dataset. To refine and clean the dataset we developed a simple verification program based on the fifth National Ecosystem Survey Guideline and applied that program to the data from the second (1997~2005), third (2006~2013) and fourth (2014~2018) National Ecosystem Survey. Data quality control processes were implemented including (1) standardization of terminology, (2) similar data table integration, (3) unnecessary attribute and error elimination, (4) unification of different input items, (5) data arrangement in codes, and (6) code mapping for input items. These approaches and methods are the first attempt propose an option for ecological data standardization in Korea. The standardized dataset of National Ecosystem Survey in Korea will be easily accessible, reusable for both researchers and public. In addition, we expect it will contribute to the establishment of diverse environmental policies concerning environmental assessments, habitat conservation, prediction of endangered species distribution and ecological risks due to climate change. The dataset through this study is open freely online via EcoBank (nie-ecobank.kr) which is the first ecological information portal system in Korea developed by National Institute of Ecology.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.281-289
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate the influence of the components of the startup ecosystem on the business performance of startups, focusing on the mediating effect of the location environment. By presenting the insight that the popularization of start-ups can be an alternative for job creation thanks to the government's start-up support policy considering the location environment, it is possible to construct an optimal configuration scenario between the components of the start-up ecosystem and the location environment. Furthermore, it is expected to contribute to the improvement of corporate management performance. To achieve this goal, we performed a survey and the subjects were domestic start-up company employees with less than 7 years of experience. The results show that the components of the start-up ecosystem had a significant effect on the business performance of start-up companies and the location environment and on the management performance of start-up companies according to the mediation of the location environment.