• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.61-78
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• 2010

The paper is basically attempted to reveal a possibility of monetary unification and setting an anchor currency in North East Asian economies such as South Korea, China, and Japan. The Cobb-Douglas utility function is tentatively built by a Walrasian economic framework. Korean Won(KRW) is represented for a numeraire in a structural model, and the estimation of a parameter is performed by 2SLS and GARCH-M models. Empirical evidence is found that not only monetary unification itself in this regime seems not to be practicable, but also setting an anchor currency by Chinese Yuan(CNY) or Japanese Yen(JPY) is also inappropriated due to the fact that the estimated parameter is not converged to a unity. Walrasian equilibria are enhanced by the convergence to a unity in the model. It also has to be mentioned that a number of necessary and sufficient conditions should be fulfilled prior to discuss a monetary unification in North East Asian economies. Instead, Asia currency unit(ACU) is more feasible in reality.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.50
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• pp.211-232
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• 2013

Jia yi had a critical mind on the gap between the rich and the poor, sumptuous moods, reducement of agriculture productive population in West Han Dynasty period. It is to the collapse of social economic order, the moral degeneracy and the fiscal drain in West Han Dynasty. Jia yi analyzed the social problem of West Han Dynasty, suggested economic policy at one's own perspective. To solve the problem of the permissive policy of the Han Dynasty, He suggested a economic reform of phvsiocracy & business repression. And he was concerned about a reform monetary system. His reform policy was theoretical basis of Economic Thought of Jia yi. This paper focused his reform policy around phvsiocracy & business repression & private mintage prohibition policy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.163-164
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• 2017

화폐는 인간의 경제 활동과 함께 오랜 역사적 배경을 가지고 있다. 화폐 사용에 대한 기능성 외에 유형적인 특징은 한 사회가 가지고 있는 문화적인 상징이나 의미를 담고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 화폐의 디자인적인 특징에 따른 문화적 가치를 살펴보고자 한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.111-122
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• 2021

This study analyzed user reviews of Dongbaekjeon and Incheoneum app, which are representative local currencies in Korea, to identify the positive/negative factors of local currency users, and established a marketing strategy based on this. App user reviews were classified into positive and negative based on the star rating, and word cloud, topic modeling, and social network analysis were performed, respectively. As a result, in the negative reviews of Dongbaekjeon and Incheoneum, dissatisfaction with app use and card issuance appeared in common. In positive reviews, keywords such as 'local economy' and 'small business owners' along with satisfaction with 'cashback' appeared. It means that local currency users perceived that their consumption support local economy, and they felt satisfaction in using local currency. Based on the satisfaction/dissatisfaction factors identified as a result of the analysis of this study, we identified what needs to be improved and to be strengthened, and appropriate marketing strategies were established. The text mining method used in this study and research results can provide meaningful information about local currencies to public officials and marketers in charge of local currencies.

• 사회경제평론
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.119-154
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• 2016

Kalecki thought that monetary and financial factors play very important roles in the processes of investment decision and expenditure. He also acknowledged that interest rate is monetary phenomenon and investment finance is provided by banks prior to savings as Keynes did, and suggested that the more is the debt, the greater is the risk of debtor and lender. However, in developing investment theory he dismissed those monetary and financial factors or substituted into actual profit or savings, because he aimed to construct the investment theory to be able to explain the 'automatic mechanism of the fluctuation of capitalist economy'. Thus it is argued that Kalecki did not consider the monetary and financial factors in his investment theory. This paper aims to modify Kalecki's investment theory so that it incorporates the monetary and financial factors, such as the willingness of banking system to lend, interest rates, the ratio of leverage which had been dismissed by him. The Kaleckian investment theory that incorporates the monetary and financial factors in Kalecki's theory of investment allows us to explain not only an automatic and regular business cycle, but also irregular excessive investment and high leverage, consequent risk increase and financial crisis occurred in the economy with developed financial system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 1998.12a
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• pp.97-107
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• 1998

현재 전자 상거래에서 사용되는 전자 지불 시스템에 있어서 핵심적인 기술인 전자 지불 시스템에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있으며 많은 시스템이 제안 및 구현되고 있다. 초기의 전자 지불 시스템은 안전성과 편리함, 그리고 개인적인 Privacy에 초점을 맞추었지만 최근에는 여러 가지 사회, 경제적인 문제점들이 제기되어 이의 해결을 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히 전자 지불시스템은 실물 경제와 달리 전자 화폐를 사용함으로서 화폐의 이중사용 또는 돈 세탁 등이 용이하다는 문제가 발생하게 된다. 이와 같은 부정사용을 사전에 차단하기 위해서는 화폐에 어떠한 조건을 부가하여 추적이 가능하도록 하는 조건부 추적 가능성이 요구되며, 이는 전자 화폐의 저변 확대를 위해서 해결해야만 할 문제로 간주되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 blind signature 기법을 이용하여 필요시에 전자 화폐와 사용자를 연결할 수 있는 조건부 추적 가능성을 갖는 새로운 전자 지불 시스템을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.102-115
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• 2015

Several emergy researches have been carried out to estimate the value of marine ecosystem services in Korea over the last decade. Their results cannot be compared mainly due to inconsistency in emergy-money ratios used to convert emergy unit into monetary unit. This study aimed at providing a standardized format for the emergy evaluation of the Korean economy and environment for different emergy evaluations to be compatible. Even though the area of the continental shelf increased in this study compared to those of previous studies, areaweighted average tidal range for the entire continental shelf of Korea resulted in smaller tidal range, decreasing the final emergy input from tide. However, emergy inputs from nonrenewable resources and purchased goods and services increased with new categorization and use of more detailed data, combined with updated unit emergy values. This led to higher emergy-money ratio for the Korean economy, indicating that previous emergy valuations might have overestimated the contributions of marine ecosystem to the real wealth of the Korean society. The base year for gross domestic product used in the emergy evaluation needs to be clearly indicated due to its impact on the calculation of the emergy-money ratio. A standardized emergy table for the Korean economy will contribute to ensuring consistency among future emergy researches on the valuation of marine ecosystem services.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.608-614
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• 2021

Currently, blockchain-based public cryptocurrency (hereinafter referred to as cryptocurrency) cannot acquire status as a currency for transaction due to the economic policies of each country, but it is used as an alternative currency transaction method due to individual circumstances of some Internet users. With this trend, it is predicted that such cryptocurrency can be used in real life beyond the Internet in the near future. In this paper, a technical method for designing a cryptocurrency payment system based on LoRaWAN that can easily build a wireless Internet network infrastructure at low cost as a way to activate the use of cryptocurrency in real life is presented based on the LoRaWAN standard.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.3-29
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to examine the transmission of domestic and foreign real and monetary disturbances into a small country with heavy imports of intermediate goods, and to analyze how the wage indexation in a small country affects the transmission of foreign disturbances into a small country. We consider the two countries, a small country and the rest of the world, two goods, and rational expectations world model under flexible exchange rate system with perfect capital mobility. We find out that foreign disturbances are transmitted into a small country through the price channel, the foreign output multiplier channel, and the nominal interest rate channel, and the foreign real balance channel. We have conducted an empirical investigation by using the Korean data for a small country and the U.S. data for a large country to see how real and monetary disturbances originating from the US affects the Korean economy with wage indexation.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2002.04b
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• pp.979-982
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• 2002

디지털 혁명 시대에 경제활동의 변화와 더불어 등장한 전자화폐는 점차 그 영역을 넓혀가고 있다. 하지만 현재 사용되고 있는 전자화폐 시스템은 안전상의 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 각 시스템마다 그것들을 해결하려는 노력을 기울이고 있지만 대부분이 오프라인(off-line) 보다는 온라인(on-line) 지불 처리 방식을 전제로 하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 운영되는 전자화폐 시스템의 문제점을 짚어보고 이를 해결할 수 있는 안전한 전자화폐 프로토콜을 오프라인(off-line) 지불 처리에 초점을 맞춰, 설계한다.