• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2018

In this study, a post-fire safe shutdown analysis (PFSSA) including multiple spurious operation (MSO) treatments for cables was conducted with an imaginary nuclear power plant for training using a deterministic fire analysis code. The imaginary nuclear power plant for the training consisted of a reactor containment building and an auxiliary building, including a total of 22 fire areas. The equipment including valves, pumps, emergency diesel generators, switch gears, motor control centers, and logic controllers were located in each fire area of the imaginary plant. It was assumed that each equipment is connected with two cables and that each cable passes through the fire areas along the cable trays. A database containing the information on the equipment and cables for the imaginary plant was constructed for the fire area analysis. The fire area analysis was performed for several assumed MSO scenarios, equipment logics, and cable logics. A mitigation measure using a three hour rated wrap was applied to the failed cables and cable trays after the fire area analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.429-440
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• 2014

Since the World Trade Center and Pentagon attacks in 2001, terror, military attack, or man-made disaster caused impact, explosion, and fire accident have frequently occured on civil infrastructures. However, structural behavior researches on major Prestressed Concrete (PSC) infrastructures such as bridges, tunnels, Prestressed Concrete Containment Vessel (PCCVs), and LNG tanks under extreme loading are significantly lacking. Especially, researches on possible secondary fire scenarios after terror, bombing, collision of vehicles and vessels on concrete structures have not been performed domestically where most of the past researches related to extreme loadings on structures focused on an independent isolated extreme loading scenario. Due to the outcry of public concerns and anxiety of potential terrorist attacks on major infrastructures and structures, a study is urgently needed at this time. Therefore, in this study, the bi-directional prestressed concrete $1400{\times}1000{\times}300mm$ panels applied with 430 kN prestressing force using unbonded prestressing thread bars were experimentally evaluated under impact, fire, and impact-fire combined loadings. Due to test site restrictions, impact tests were performed with 14 kN impactor with drop heights of 10m and 3.5 m to evaluate impact resistance capacity. Also, fire and impact-fire combined loading were tested using RABT fire loading curve. The measured residual strength capacities of PSC and RC specimens applied with impact, fire, impact-fire combined loadings were compared with the residual strength capacity of undamaged PSC and RC specimens for evaluation. The study results can be used as basic research data for related research areas such as protective design and numerical simulation under extreme loading scenarios.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.6 s.78
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• pp.46-54
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• 2006

Fire extinguishing experiment was conducted with water mist nozzle in case of the pool fire, cascade fire and spray fire on flammable liquid of class B whether water mist system can be effective system for power transformer fire scenario. In the event of a pool fire, flow rate and time to extinguish was inclined to be increased according to the obstruction rate of ignition space. Furthermore, the performance of fire extinguishing depended upon the spraying angle of the nozzles. In case of cascade fire, the effect of extinguishment was began to show from a combustion pan filled with fuel and fuel flowing plate later on.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.410-413
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• 2018

수년전 세월호 참사로 인해 안전수칙에 대해 경각심을 가지게 된 사회 분위기를 반영하여, 학생들과 일반인을 대상으로 하는 재난 대응 교육 시스템이 매우 시급하게 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 재난 가운데 가장 많이 발생하는 화재 재난에 대해 가상현실을 활용한 4D 재난 대응 훈련시스템을 제안한다. 기업이나 학교 기숙사 등에서는 매년 일정한 패턴(시나리오)의 소방훈련을 받는다. 그러나 이러한 훈련은 한 번에 많은 시간과 공간이 필요하며 년1-2회로서 효율적이지 못하다. 제안하는 시스템은 가상훈련 시스템으로서 실제와 같은 체험이 가능하고 시간과 공간을 절약할 수 있으며 수시로 효율적인 소방훈련을 받을 수 있는 몰입형 4D 가상체험 시뮬레이션이다. 기존의 가상훈련 시스템은 매우 고가의 장비들이 필요하나 제안하는 시스템은 보급의 용이성을 위해, 저가의 HMD(Head Mounted Display)와 트레드밀을 이용하여, 체험할 수 있는 가상현실 4D 몰입형 재난 대응 훈련 콘텐츠이다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 1994

이 논문은 설계상의 안전 및 완전한 정량적 위험성 평가에 의해 맞추는 것이 가능한 여러가지 방법(QRA: Quantitative risk analysis)에 촛점을 두면서, 위험성 평가의 방법론의 간략한 개요를 소개하고 있다. QRA의 결과는 단독 위험 및 그룹 혹은 사회적 위험으로써 보통 소개된다. 계산된 단독 risk는 자주 단독 위험 graph(IRG : Individual risk graph)와 단독 위험등고선(IRC : Individual risk contours)의 형으로 나타낸다. IRG와 IRC는 예를 들면 다음과 같은 사고의 시나리오로 계산된다. : 여러가지 기상조건 하에서 2kg/s의 암모니아의 유출을 1800s로 한다. 이 예는 그래프가 곡선의 상승을 나타내는 것이 확실하다. 마지막으로, QRA는 예를 들어서 토지이용계획 등에 유용한 수단으로 될 수 있다고 할 수 있다. 한편 화학플랜트의 안전에 대해서는, 위험성 평가를 위해 다른 방법이 유효하며, 불가피하다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.131-135
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• 2010

우리나라는 산림이 울창하고 가연성 낙엽 등의 가연성 물질들이 많이 쌓여 있으며, 경사가 급하고 기복이 많은 산지로서 초기진화 실패 시 연소진행 속도가 빨라 급속히 확산 시키는 산악 형 산림으로서 산불 발생 시 진화가 어려워 산불의 확산 속도와 강도를 추정하기 어려운 실정이다. 현재 산불이 발생과 동시에 초기 진화에만 초점을 마치고 있는 시점에서 초기 진화에 실패했을 경우 산불이 확산되는 경로와 시간 등을 예측하여 최소한의 인력과 장비를 이용하여 진화하는 시스템을 구축할 수 있는 경우는 아직 우리나라에서는 미흡하다. 본 연구에서는 특정지역의 국부지형 기상인자(풍향, 풍속)를 측정하여 산불이 발생 시 인자별 특성에 따라서 산불의 진행 경로와 산불의 진화 시나리오를 예측할 수 있는 시스템을 구축하는데 그 목적이 있다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.103-109
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• 2011

In this study, we calculated the smoke movement at the fire area of the refuge floor which has the refuge safety area in case of fire in the high rise building by using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code of FLUENT (ver. 13.0). The buoyancy plume was applied using the temperature and flow velocity which represent 10 MW heat release rate in order to describe the fire, and the smoke movement was predicted using a species conservation equation. The pressurization system of smoke control was adopted with smoke control damper in refuge safety area, at the result, it is confirmed that the damper capacity was enough to smoke control in which the flow rate of supply was applied 25 $m^3/s$ in the case of the door at fire area opened only, and 50 $m^3/s$ in the doors at the fire area and lobby both opened case. They were satisfied in NFSC 501-A. Even though the door of fire area closed, there were smoke leakages at the gap between the door and wall. In addition, the refugee could be isolated in the fire area when the door of fire area closed during smoke control in the case of using the high damper flow rate of supply, 50 $m^3/s$. Therefore the proper damper flow rate of supply are needed in order to prevent the damage of refugee and this study proposes the suitable condition of damper capacity according to refuge scenario.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.351-355
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.7-13
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• 2011

Simulation study were performed for ventilation capability effect on the smoke spread in the deeply-underground subway station(DUSS). Singeumho station(The line # 5, Depth: 46m) was modeled and were analyzed for smoke-spread speed difference between the originally-designed-ventilation-capacity and the measured-ventilation-capacity. Field test data for actual fan in DUSS was applied as a boundary condition of a simulation. The whole station was covered in this analysis and total of 4 million grids were generated for this simulation. The fire-driven flow was analyzed case by case to compare the smoke-spread effects. In order to enhance the efficiency of calculation, parallel processing by MPI was employed and large eddy simulation method in FDS code was adopted.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.929-932
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• 2007

The integrated prevention of disaster management system is collected prevention of disaster data from prevention of disaster relation other systems and smart sensor in USN. This system manages fire fighting facility effectively. The relation equipment which is used in existing and network using "Open Protocols" about under using the support system which is integrated effectively as the destroyer. It connects CCTV, the sensitivity environmental sensor, automatic fire detection equipment and security equipment and air flow equipment system using Internet. The System Server was collected monitoring data at the each equipment and processing by operational scenario. It will verified the effectiveness of operational scenario and integrated prevention of disaster management system