• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.350-358
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to define and clarify the concept of developmental care for preterm infants. Methods: The hybrid model method was used to identify the main attributes and indicators. In the field work stage, data were collected in Seoul and Cheonan, Korea. The participants were 5 nurses working in the NICU. Results: The concept of developmental care was found to have six attributes and ten indicators in 2 dimensions. For the nursing practice dimension, four attributes were derived. They were being like intrauterine state, individualization, interaction, and integrative care with awareness of development. For the family centeredness dimension, supporting parental attachment and professional alliance were attributes of developmental care. Conclusion: Developmental focused care can facilitate the identification of behavioral responses of newborns and provide individualized interventions for fostering growth and development. This concept analysis could provide guidelines for "developmental care" nursing practice and be useful for research in the neonatal field.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.813-825
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• 2023

This study was analyzed using a mixed methods approach to clarify the concept of compassionate communication competencies of psychiatric nurses. In the theoretical phase, the literature published from 2000 to 2022 was collected and 38 articles were analyzed. For the fieldwork phase, in-depth interviews were conducted with eight psychiatric nurses from December 1 to December 28, 2022. In the final analysis phase, the dimensions and attributes of psychiatric nurses' compassionate communication competence were identified and conceptualized. Based on the attributes identified in the theoretical and fieldwork phases, the definition of psychiatric nurses' compassionate communication competence was synthesized into five dimensions and 12 attributes. Therefore, psychiatric nurses' compassionate communication competence refers to the skills and abilities of psychiatric nurses to use active listening and empathic skills for effective communication based on compassion and understanding of the target, to be sensitive to the thoughts and feelings of the target, to accurately convey what the target wants to express, to respect the target, and to empower the target.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.688-698
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify the conceptual definitions and attributes of fatigue in hemodialysis patients based on the Hybrid Model of concept development. The Hybrid Model was used to investigate the main attributes and indicators of the concept by applying three stages. After a literature review, data were collected through observation and interviews including qualitative research in the field work stage. The participants included 10 patients in hemodialysis center of two hospitals in Gwang-ju, Korea. The attributes of fatigue concept in the hemodialysis patients were divided into four dimensions, physical activity, affective mood, social role, and cognitive reflection. The definition of fatigue by hemodialysis patients was defined as 'subjective feeling usually experienced in four dimensions during the process to recognize and adjust energy deficiency and limited functions caused by uremia and repeated hemodialysis for chronic renal failure'. Considering the dimensions and attributes derived from this study, it may be possible to develop an effective intervention program for fatigue in hemodialysis patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.290-303
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• 1996

There is a need to define the concept of suffering more appropriate in the context of Korean culture. This research is an attempt to analyze and develop the concept of suffering by applying the Hybrid Model suggested by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim. The data were collected from March 20, 1995 to September 17,1995. The subjects of the study were eight persons including in-patients and out-patients of a general hospital who were diagnosed as having cancer and those resting in sanatoria for natural treatment of cancer. Qualitative research methods of in-depth interview and participant observation were used for data collection. The contents of the interviews were recorded on tape. Data-analysis progressed according to the 3 phases suggested by the Hybrid Model. For each case, in-depth interview data and participant observation data were included and the attributes of suffering revealed in these data were analyzed. Finally, by summarizing the results from each case, the attributes of suffering, its dimensions, definition, and processes observed in the field were suggested. According to the results of the study, the followlng new definition of suffering is suggested : Suffering is a fundamental and inevitable experience of all human beings. When each individual experiences loss, damage, and pain which threaten one's personal integrity, suffering is perceived differently among each individual depending on their personal inner factors, one's significant others, exterior circumstances and stimuli, and the ultimate meaning of life. Suffering brings severe and unendurable distress which accompany despair, powerlessness, anxiety, bitterness, fear, anguish, guilt, depression, withdrawal and anger. The results of this study suggest that the more responsibility and burden a cancer patient felt, the more suffering she/he experienced and it tended to be more relevant to one's significant others and exterior circumstances and stimuli : the less responsibility and burden a cancer patient had, the less suffering she/he experienced and it tended to be related to one's inner factors. These findings have implications for nursing profession. When caring for patients who experience suffering, nurses need to consider the influence of responsibility, burden, and each dimension of suffering. Moreover, appropriate nursing interventions aimed at relieving pain and satisfying the spiritual need of patients experiencing loss need to be developed and implemented more widely.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.637-655
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative study is to investigate the nature of tacit nursing knowledge practiced in the clinical field in Korea using hybrid models, and to clarify the definitions and attributes of the concept. Methods: The definition and nature of tacit nursing knowledge, obtained through a review of the extensive literature at the theoretical stage of the research, and the analysis of the in-depth interview data conducted by the career nurses in the fieldwork stage, are compared and analyzed. Results: The tacit nursing knowledge was found in three dimensions as knowledge related to the person, the clinical situation work context, the self, the others, and the task. The tacit nursing knowledge was defined as personal nursing knowledge and artistic skills that show up as unconscious behavior patterns, learned informally, and internalizedthrough repeated clinical practice experience based on professional nursing knowledge. Conclusion: Tacit nursing knowledge has been widely used in clinical practice and has been shown to have a great impact, directly or indirectly, on clinical nursing. Therefore, individual and organizational efforts are needed for validation and clarification using the generation, sharing, collection, and peer review of sound implicit nursing knowledge to ensure that it is properly applied.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.354-362
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to define and clarify learning transfer in nursing. Methods: This study used a hybrid model to analyze the concept of learning transfer in nursing through three phases. For the theoretical phase, learning transfer attributes were identified through a scoping literature review. In the fieldwork phase, in-depth focus group interviews were conducted to develop attributes. Purposive sampling was performed with ten participants(five nursing students, two nurses, three nursing faculty members). In the analysis phase, the attributes and final analysis of learning transfer in nursing were extracted and integrated from the previous two phases. Results: According to the analysis, learning transfer was represented in two dimensions with eight attributes. The development of competency dimension had three attributes: 1) theory acquisition, nursing skills, professional attitude, 2) integration, and 3) analysis competency. The competency change dimension had five attributes: 1) appropriateness in patient care, 2) proficiency in patient care, 3) satisfaction, 4) achievement, and 5) confidence. Conclusion: The concept analysis might provide a basic understanding of learning transfer, a development framework toward a measurement of nursing learning transfer and effective educational nursing strategies.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to define and clarify the concept of reality shock in new graduated nurses. Methods: The hybrid model was used to develop the concept of reality shock. The model included a field study. The participants were 9 newly graduated nurses with a nursing career spanning less than a year. Results: The reality shock in newly graduated nurses was identified to have three dimensions and seven attributes. Specifically: 1) the dimension of performance included two attributes (conflict between theory and practice, and being overwhelmed by the workload), 2) the dimension of relationship included three attributes (loss of support, embarrassment from interference, and relational withdrawal), 3) the dimension of expectations included two attributes(value confusions and incongruity in personal life). Conclusion: Newly graduated nurses' reality shock was defined as a state of incongruence in their entire life that the new nurses experienced owing to value confusions that occurred due to the conflicts between theory and practice in an unfamiliar work environment, getting overwhelmed by the workload, and withdrawing establishing relationships with others due to the loss of support and excessive interference. These findings could help develop intervention strategies to decrease reality shock in newly graduated nurses.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.137-145
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• 2003

Purpose: This research is a descriptive study to explore "patient respect" in nursing. Respect was analyzed as a concept in the domain of the patient. The Hybrid Model suggested by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim was used in this study. Method: For the theoretical phase, nursing and other literature were reviewed to analyze attributes and develop a working definition of the concept, respect. For the fieldwork phase, four subjects in two general hospitals in Seoul participated. With the participants' permission, the data was collected between January and April, 2002, through in-depth interview and participant observation. The data analysis progressed at the same time as the fieldwork. Data analysis proceeded according to the analysis method of Strauss and Corbin. Result: The final attributes of patient respect are suggested by consideration, recognition, cordial treatment, concern, honesty, acceptance. The final definition of patient respect as a concept in the domain the of patient is suggested by "Patient respect is that the patient is recognized as an individual with worth and is accepted, and considered to be that kind of an individual person. In addition, the patient is recognized to be an independent person and is treated with concern and honesty." Conclusion: The results of the analyses is helpful in integrating into a comprehensive description of the concept, Patient Respect.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.206-219
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• 2018

Purpose: This study tries to identify and clarify the concept of fear of dementia. Methods: The hybrid model method was used to perform a conceptual analysis of fear for dementia. Results from both the theoretical review of 35 studies and the field study with 8 community-dwelling older adults were included in the final stage. Results: Fear for dementia had 4 dimensions with 14 attributes including cognitive factors (direct experience of precursor symptoms of dementia, indirect experience of dementia, preliminary knowledge of dementia, impossibility of cognitive control, and confidence in dementia), emotional factors (negative feelings and pessimistic thoughts), social factors (social isolation, economic instability, embarrassment), and behavioral factors (existing health problems, making efforts to maintain health, impossibility of body control, peripheral autonomic nervous system response) along with 34 indicators. Conclusion: This study is meaningful because it reveals the attributes of Korean elderly adults' fear for dementia. In addition, the results may serve as a basis for the early assessment and management of fear for dementia.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.117-131
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• 2021

Purpose: This study is a qualitative study that investigated the nature of Koreans' spiritual health using a hybrid model, clarifying the definition and attributes of the concept. Methods: The nature and definition of Koreans' spiritual health were identified through a review of the extensive literature at the theoretical stage and then compared with an analysis of the in-depth interview data conducted by the researcher in the fieldwork stage. Results: Koreans' spiritual health comprised nine attributes: awareness of the meaning and purpose of life, self-awareness, self-acceptance and recognition, self-transcendence, self-integration, harmony of relationships, self-actualization and development, the inner affective attributes of hope, happiness, fulfillment and thankful mind, and the interpersonal affective attributes of one connected mind, compassion, generosity and humility. The scope of the Absolute is expanded to 'heaven' and 'ancestors', and harmony with the community is emphasized. Conclusion: We have found that Koreans' spiritual health is important for total nursing care and that mental, social and physical health can be improved if spiritual health is promoted. Considering this point, personal and organizational efforts are needed to ensure that spiritual nursing is positively applied in community and clinical settings.