• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.103-109
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• 1999

Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease has been described among current or former smokers and has features consistent with interstitial lung disease. Symptoms include cough, dyspnea on exertion. Lung pathology is characterized by the accumulation of pigmented macrophages within respiratory bronchioles and adjacent air spaces associated with mild thickening of the peribronchiolar interstitium. It must be separated from the other interstitial lung disease because of marked differences in treatment and prognosis. Recently we experienced a case of respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease in a 48-year-old man. As far as we know, this is the first case in Korea.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.805-811
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• 1996

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the Lung(CCAM) is characterized by anomalous fetal development of terminal respiratory structures, resulting in an adenomatoid proliferation of bronchiolar elements and cystic formation. CCAM was first described and differentiated from other cystic lung disease in the English literature by Ch'in and Tang in 1949. CCAN is a rare, potentially lethal form of congenital pulmonary cystic disease and the salient features of lesion are an irregular network of terminal respiratory bronchiole-like structures and macrocysts variably lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and simple cuboidal epithelium. Adult presentation of CCAM of the lung is so rare that only 9 cases have been reported in the literature of date. The pathogenesis of CCAM remains disputed and reseachers have variously proposed that the lesion represents a developmental anomaly, hamartoma, or a fonn of pulmonary dysplasia. Van Dijk and Wagenvoort divided CCAM into three subtypes : cystic, intermediated, and solid. These correspond to types I, II, and III of Stocker. In adults, the evaluation of cystic or multi cystic lung disease requires consideration of a differential diagnosis including the acquired lesions of lung abscess, cavitary neoplasm or inflammatory mass, bullous disease, bronchiectasis, and postionflammatory pneumatocele. Congenital lesions such as sequestration, bronchopulmonary-foregut anomalies, and bronchogenic cyst are also encounted. The definitive treatment for CCAM is complele removal of the involved lobe. Panial lobectomy leads to multiple complications, including severe post-operative infection. We report a case of CCAM in a 14-year-old female presentated with a pneumothorax and large bullae, who was treated by surgical remove of the involved lobe.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.311-327
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic breathing on activation of trunk muscles of patients with low back pain. Diaphragmatic breathing may affect activation of trunk muscles. The assumptions are as follows: the crural diaphragm attatches to the lumbar vertebrae from L1 to L3, the voluntary downward pressurization of the diaphragm increases intra-abdominal pressure, and this increases the stiffness of the spine. Diaphragmatic breathing increases intra-abdominal pressure and the increased intra-abdominal pressure may contribute to the lumbar stability. Sixty patients with low back pain were randomly divided into two groups. Experimental group performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise with six breathing positions and control group performed only the breathing positions for five times per week during six weeks. % maximal voluntary contraction(% MVC) of trunk muscles on six breathing positions of experimental and control group was measured according to testing period of pre test, three weeks, and six weeks. The repeated measures of one-way ANOVA were used to analyze % MVC on trunk muscles of experimental and control group according to testing period. The results of this study were as follows: First, % MVC of right and left erector spinae in the right leg extension position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Second, % MVC of right and left erector spinae in all-four positions indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Third, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the sitting position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Fourth, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the standing position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Fifth, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the supine position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Sixth, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the lying on prone position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, as experimental group performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise according to the period of pre-test, post three weeks, and post six weeks, experimental group showed the greater significant effect on the activation of right, left erector spinae, and external oblique muscle. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise which resulted in activation of trunk muscles can be effective for managing the patients with back pain and should be utilized as the new therapeutic intervention.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 1999

Background: Treatment of adult patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) has many difficulty such as pulmonary hypertension, arterial wall calcification, aneurysmal chage of ductus. We tried to evaluate the effect of surgical interruption of PDA on postopeative change of heart size. Material and Method : From 1987 to 1997 we experienced 30 cases of the ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in adult at the department of cardiovacular surgery in Masan Samsung General Hospital. Result: There were 9 males and 21 females and their ages ranged from 16 to 44 years, with a mean age of 26.1 years. 15 patients had pulmonary hypertension and 9 patients complained of dyspnea with a degree of functional NYHA class III. Operation method was double or triple ligation using Teflon felt. Postoperative complications were wound dehiscence in 3 patients and transient hoarseness in 1 patient. The mean preoperative cardiothoracic ratio was 54.7%, and mean postoperative cardiothoracic ratio was 51.9%. The change of cardiothoracic ratio was more typical in the cases who had congestive heart failure. Their mean preoperative cardiothoracic ratio was 64.8% and the mean postoperative cardiothoracic ratio was 58.5% there was no postoperative deaths. Conclusion: We canclude that the improvement in cardiothoracic ratio may result from surgical intervention of PDA.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.264-267
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• 2005

A 12-year-old, 8.0 kg, spayed female, mixed-breed dog was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University (VMTH, CNU). That case has been growing up mass in her left upper hindlimb about for 2 years and has showed vomiting and anorexia for 3 days. The patient was diagnosed with mast cell tumor on the basis of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology techniques. According to World Health Organization clinical staging system for diagnosing mast cell tumors, it was classified into stage IIIa. The patient was treated by adjuvant corticosteroid therapy, but complete surgical excision was not achieved by owner's request. In the early stage of therapy, the size of the mass was gradually reduced with only adjuvant glucocorticoid therapy, so the patient's general condition was maintained well. But after 53 days later, the treatmant was not effective anymore and mass size was increased. Two months later, she was euthanized because of intermittent vomiting and severe respiratory distress. Splenic mass, duodenal ulceration, liver mass and infiltrated mast cell tumor in upper hindlimb muscle region were found in necropsy examination.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.577-585
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• 2014

The cosmetic and stimulating effects of lemon oil have been widely proven in the fields of beauty therapy and psychology therapy. But the lemon oil's proper effects on the anti asthma and the anti inflammation have not rarely been verified. This study was conducted to find out the lemon oil's effects on the anti asthma and anti inflammation in the OVA-induced allergic asthma mice model. OVA-induced allergic asthma mice were divided into 4 groups consisting of normal group, control group, positive control group and experimental group. 0.3% of lemon oil was nebulized to experimental group for 3 weeks on a basis of 3 times per week and 30 min each time. After 6 weeks from the initial experiment, the degree of hyper activeness of respiratory system, the hematological change, the amount of the cytokein in serum, the change of airway organization were evaluated. The results showed that lemon oil controled effectively the hyper activeness of respiratory system and restricted the multiplication of cells in acidophil in terms of statistical significance. It also turned out that lemon oil restricted effectively the infection of airway reaction and the hyper sensitiveness of respiratory system by controlling the creation of histamine(cytokein) and IgE.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1978.06a
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• pp.5.2-6
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• 1978

The prognosis of the laryngeal diseases is highly dependent on the early diagnosis and treatment. The biopsy finding is inevitable for the cofirmed diagnosis. A clinico-statistical survey of the biopsy result of the larynx in 142 cases was done at the Department of the Otolaryngology Seoul National University Hospital during a period of 3 yrs from 1973 to 1975. Results are as follows 1. Of the 142 cases, 109 cases (76.8%) were males and 33 cases (23.2%) females. Sex ratio was 3.3 : 1. 2. Age distribution shows 41 cases (28.8%) in 5th decade, 41 cases (28.9%) in 6th decade. 3. Chief complaint was hoarseness 127 cases (89.4 %), dysphagia 7 cases (4.9%) and sore throat, dyspnea etc. The time lag from the onset of hoarseness to the hospital was 2∼6 Months, 56 cases (44.0%), 6 Months∼l yrs, 34 cases (24%), within 2 Months, 17 cases (13.4%) and 15 cases (11.8%) were over 3yrs. Average time lag was 8.1 Months. 4. The site of laryngeal biopsy was 76 cases (53.3 %) from ture vocal cord, 23 cases (16.2%) from false vocal cord, and 19 cases (13.3%) from epiglottis. 5. Biopsy result was carcinoma in 69 cases (48.6%), laryngeal nodule in 20 cases (14.0%), laryngeal tuberculosis in 12 cases (8.4%) and non specific inflamation in 7 cases (5.0%). 6. 13.4% of the clinically impressed laryngeal carcinoma proved to be laryngeal tuberculosis, nonspecific inflammation etc.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.429-436
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• 1998

Approximately 100 drugs have been reported to affect the lungs adversely. Among these, pulmonary toxicity caused by antieneoplastic agent. is being recognized more frequently. Cyclophosphamide is an immunosuppressive alkylating agent used for the treatment of a wide variety of malignant and nonmalignant diseases. The incidence of pulmonary toxicity is probably less than 1 percent The first case was reported in 1967. Since then, more than 20 well-documented cases of pulmonary toxicity associated with cyclophosphamide have been reported in the literature. In Korea, three patients were identified with cyclophosphamide-induced lung disease. The typical features of toxicity include dyspnea, fever, cough, new parenchymal infiltrates, gas exchangs abnormalities on pulmonary function tests, and pleural thickening on chest roentgenogram. The best approach to management is early diagnosis, discontinuation of the offending drug and administration of corticosteroid therapy. Recently, we experienced a case of diffuse alveolar damage induced by cyclophosphamide. The patient presented with early-onset pulmonary toxicity and died of repiratory failure despite early use of corticosteroid.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.678-683
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• 2006

Both bronchial leiomyoma and pulmonary sequestration are rare conditions, and to the best of our knowledge there are no reports of the two conditions coexisting. We report a female patient with bronchial leiomyoma with acquired pulmonary sequestration who presented with dyspnea, cough and purulent sputum. The patient had been treated for pneumonia at a local medical clinic. but was transferred to our clinic beacausr there was no clinical improvement. A 3-D computed tomography scan revealed a 1.5 cm sized mass near the distal portion of the left main bronchus and an anomalous artery arising from the aorta. The patient showed clinical improvement after a left lower lobectomy and a ligation of the anomalous artery.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.4.1-4
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• 1981

The statistical study was done on 74 cases of foreign bodies in the air passages, who visited the department of otolaryngology of SNUH during recent 5 years from 1975 to 1980. The result was as follows, 1) Of the total 74 cases, 55 cases were male and 18 cases were female. The ratio between male and female was 3 : 1. 41.8% of all-cases were under 2 years of age, 75.5% were under 3 years, and 83.6% were under 5 years. 2) Major symptoms on visit were dyspnea, cough, cyanosis. No significant symptoms was noted in 6.7%. Initial physical findings were coarse breathing sound, decreased breathing sound, and stridor. No abnormal physical findings were noted in 10.8%. 3) 48.6% of total cases visited hospital within 24 hours. There was one case who visited hospital over 2 years later. 4) Initial simple chest film showed atelectasis in 25.0%, emphysema in 32.8%, definite foreign body shadow in 17.2% and within normal limit in 17.2%. 5) 60.8% of total cases were vegetables, 15.5% were metals, 16.2% were fish bone, and 2.7 % were others. 6) Vegetables were most frequent foreign bodies in the cases under 5 years of age. 7) 40.5% of total cases were lodged in the right main bronchus, 31.0% were in the left main bronchus, 9.8% were in trachea and 6.7% were in multiple sites, 8) Foreign bodies were removed by ventilating bronchoscopy in 82.3%, by tracheostomy only in 2.7%, by tracheal suction in 2.7%, by spontaneous removal in 1.3%, by thorachotomy in 5.4% and 5.4% of total cases were expired.