• 대한간호학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.418-435
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• 1991

The purposes of this study were to find out the effects of hospice care for the quality of life of the terminally - ill patients and to analyze the relationship between the effect of hospice care and the general characteristics of subjects. The subjects of the study were 32 terminally - ill patients hospitalized in the two general hospitals in Seoul, which have the hospice care unit. The data were collected using the questionnaire with interviews. They were done from Sept.28, 1989 to March 20, 1991. The tools used for the research were 17-item questionnaire regarding general characteristics, 42-item questionnaire about the quality of life (11- item for physical, 16 for psychosocial, and 15 for spiritual). The questionnaires were to measure the duality of life by means of the measure instruments of Betty R. Farewell(1989), Stein Kaasa(1988), Palm Pamela(1987), and Hwa-sook Choi(1987). 42 items were used after pre-test. In accordance with each purpose in this study, frequency and percentage were used on the general characteristics of subjects. ANOVA, t-test, and Pearson correlation were employed to evaluate the general characteristics of subjects and different level of quality of life before-and-after hospice care. The results of the study may be summarized as follws : 1. The effects of hospice care. Main Hypothesis : “The quality of life of the terminally - ill patients will be different from before-and-after hospice care” was supported(t＝6.82, df＝31, p＝ .000). Sub Hypothesis 1 : “The quality of life of the terminally - ill patients in the physical aspects will be different from before - and -after hospice care” was not supported(t＝0.07, df＝31, p＝ .946). Sub Hypothesis 2 : “The quality of life of the terminally - ill patients in the psychosocial aspects will be different from before-and-after hospice care” was supported (t＝4.69, df＝31, p＝ .000). Sub Hypothesis 3 : “The quality of life of the terminally - ill patients in the spiritual aspects will be different from before-and-after hospice care” was supported(t＝6.64, df＝31, p＝ .000). 2. Relationship between the general characteristics of subjects and the effects of hospice care. (1) The more the number of family, the higher the quality of life in the psychosocial aspects. (2) The higher the age of the patient, the lower the quality of life in the psychosocial aspects. (3) The high educational level of patients enjoy the high quality of life in general. (4) The high religious level of petients enjoy the higy Quality of life in the spiritual aspects. As a results of analysis above : 1. The most effective aspects of the hospice care to the terminally- ill patients was spiritual aspects. The next effective aspects was psychosocial area. 2. The least effective aspcets of the hospice care to the terminally- ill patients was physical aspects. Further study is needed to improve the quality of life in the physical aspects.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2013

목적: 본 연구는 간호사의 품위 있는 죽음태도와 도덕적 민감성 정도가 임종간호수행에 미치는 영향요인을 파악하여 인간존엄성을 바탕으로 한 임종간호수행의 질적 수준 향상에 도움이 될 기초 자료를 제시하고자 시도되었다. 방법: 1개 도시의 3차 의료기관에서 근무하는 간호사를 대상으로 172명을 편의 표집 하였다. 구조화된 설문지에는 품위 있는 죽음, 도덕적 민감성, 임종간호수행을 포함하였다. 자료는 기술통계, 피어슨 상관계수 및 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 주요 결과로서 대상자의 임종간호수행에 영향을 미치는 요인은 도덕적 민감성, 품위 있는 죽음태도, 교육수준의 순으로 나타났다. 이는 간호사의 도덕적 민감성이 높고, 품위 있는 죽음 태도가 긍정적이며, 교육수준이 높을수록 임종간호수행 정도가 높다는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론: 본 연구 결과는 웰빙에서 웰다잉으로 사회적 관심이 옮아가는 시대적 요구에 비추어 볼 때, 임종간호수행의 질적 수준 향상을 위해서는 간호사의 품위 있는 죽음태도와 도덕적 민감성을 배양할 노력이 필요함을 시사한다. 또한 의료현장의 복합적인 의사결정 과정에서 간호사의 옹호자 역할 수행을 위해 의사-간호사간의 상호 역기능적 갈등을 조정하는데 필요한 효율적인 임종교육 프로그램 개발의 기초 자료가 될 것이다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2005

목적: 본 연구는 죽음교육이 간호대학생의 죽음 불안과 임종간호 태도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 비동등성 대조군 전후 설계이다. 방법: 연구대상은 J시 G대학교 간호학과 3학년 학생 중 대상자 선정기준에 맞는 자로 실험군 20명 대조군 16명이었다. 자료 수집은 실험군과 대조군 대상자 모두에게 2004년 3월 2일 일반적 특성과 죽음관련 특성, 죽음불안과 임종간호태도에 대해 사전 조사하였고, 실험군은 2004년 3월 2일부터 3월 12일까지 죽음교육을 실시한 후 사후 조사하였으며, 대조군은 실험군의 프로그램 종료일인 2004년 3월 12일에 죽음불안과 임종간호태도에 대해 사후 조사를 하였다. 연구 도구는 죽음교육 프로그램, 죽음불안과 임종간호태도 척도를 사용하였다. 본 연구에서의 죽음교육은 Alfons[14]의 '죽음 어떻게 맞이할 것인가'와 죽음교육 관련문헌[8,15-17]와 송길원[18]과 김수지 등[19]을 통해 연구자가 재구성하여 수정 보완한 것으로 죽음의 탐색, 이해, 수용, 중재 등의 내용으로 구성되어 있는 프로그램을 말하며, 실험군에게 주 3회 1회에 100분씩 총 6회기로 진행하였다. 죽음 불안은 Collette와 Lester[28]가 개발하고 서[20]가 수정 번안한 죽음불안척도(Fear of Death and Dying Scale)를 본 연구자가 수정하여 사용하였으며, 임종 간호태도는 Frommelt와 Katherine[8]이 개발한 임종간호태도척도(Attitudes toward Nursing Care of the Dying Scale)를 본 연구자가 번역한 후, 영어 전공자 2인이 역으로 번역하였고, 성인간호학 교수 2인, 정신간호학 교수 1인의 자문을 받아 사용하였다. 자료 분석은 $SPSS/pc^+$ Windows (version 10.0) 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 전산처리 하였다. 가설검증을 정규성 검증, 실험군 및 대조군의 실험 전 후 차이는 paired t-test, 실험군과 대조군의 차이는 t-test로 분석하였다. 결과: 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 간호대학생의 죽음불안 정도(범위 $35{\sim}160$)는 90.89점이었고, 임종간호태도 정도(범위: $30{\sim}120$)는 86.78점이었다. 2. 제 1가설 '죽음교육을 받은 실험군의 죽음불안 정도가 죽음교육을 받지 않은 대조군보다 낮을 것이다'라는 제 1가설은 지지되었다(t=-2.11, P<.05). 3. 제 2가설 '죽음교육을 받은 실험군의 임종 간호 태도 정도는 죽음교육을 받지 않은 대조군보다 긍정적으로 높을 것이다'라는 제 2가설은 지지 되었다(t=2.99, P<.01). 결론: 죽음교육 프로그램은 간호대학생의 죽음불안 정도를 낮추고 임종간호태도를 긍정적으로 변화시키는데 효과가 있으므로 임상간호사와 호스피스 대상자 및 가족에게 적용할 필요가 있으리라 사료된다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2017

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 요양병원 간호사의 죽음불안과 임종간호 수행정도와의 관련성을 파악하여 임종간호 교육의 기초자료를 제공하기 위함이다. 방법: 대상자는 B광역시 전체 111개 요양병원 중 건강보험심사평가원의 적정성 평가에서 1등급 판정을 받은 12개 요양병원에서 6개월 이상 근무한 148명의 간호사로서 2016년 3월16일부터 5월16일까지 자료를 수집하였다. 자료는 SPSS Win 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 t-test, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ 사후검정 및 Pearson's correlation coefficient로 분석하였다. 결과: 타인의 죽음에 대한 불안과 자신이 죽어가는 존재라는 것에 대한 불안 정도가 높을수록 임종간호 수행도가 높았다. 결론: 요양병원 간호사의 죽음불안을 감소시키고 임종간호 수행을 향상시키기 위해 체계적인 임종간호 교육프로그램을 개발하여 적용하는 것이 필요하다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2018

목적: 간호대학생의 생명의료윤리의식과 윤리적 가치관이 심폐소생술금지 태도에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 방법: 충북과 경북 소재 2기관의 대학교 간호학과 학생 275명을 대상으로 자기 기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS/WIN 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 서술통계, t-test, ANOVA, 상관관계와 단계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 심폐소생술금지 태도는 윤리적 가치관과 정(+)의 상관관계, 생명의료윤리의식과는 부(-)의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 총 설명력은 20%로 학년, 윤리적 가치관, 생명의료윤리의식이 심폐소생술금지 태도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다(F=13.01, P<0.001). 결론: 이러한 결과는 간호대학생의 생명의료윤리의식과 윤리적 가치관이 심폐소생술금지 태도와 관련이 있음을 시사한다. 생명의료윤리의식과 윤리적 가치관을 확립할 수 있는 교과과정 편성 및 다양한 교육프로그램을 개발하여 적용해야 할 것이다.

• 디지털정책학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2023

본 연구는 종합병원에 근무하는 암병동 간호사와 일반병동 간호사의 직무스트레스와 신체화 증상간의 관계를 알아보기 위한 조사연이다. 참가자는 종합병원에 근무하는 114명의 간호사로 일반적 특성에 따른 직무스트레스와 신체화 증상을 확인하고 두 변수들의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 연구결과 암병동 간호사는 일반병동 간호사보다 직무스트레스와 신체화 증상이 모두 높았으며, 암병동 간호사와 일반병동 간호사 모두 직무스트레스와 신체화 증상은 양의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 암병동 간호사에 대한 안전한 근무환경 및 호스피스 간호와 관련한 심리적 지원을 통하여 암병동 간호사의 직무스트레스를 완화시시키고 나타날 수 있는 신체화 증상을 예방하는 의료기관의 적극적 지원이 필요하다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.325-334
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• 2002

To identify strategies to prevent sexual problems in teenage girls, respondents in this study answered two open-ended questions: "What are strategies for teenage school girls to prevent unwanted coitus?" and "What are strategies for teenage girls to prevent pregnancy?" The respondents were 12,733 girls from an accessible population of 19,000, a multi-stage cluster sample from a population of 1,988,902 girls attending 4,684 schools in the seven largest cities and nine provinces in Korea. Data were collected by mail between October 2 and October 28, 2000. The response rate was 68.9%. The total number of responses for the first question was 10,345, and for the second, 9,624. Data were analyzed by content analysis. The results of this study are: 1. According to priority, frequent strategies to prevent unwanted coitus were, self assertiveness (35.7%), heterosexual interaction training (24.6%), sex education (21.2%), and innovations in the system of social culture (4.7%). The order of priority was the same whether the respondents had experienced coitus or not. 2. According to priority, frequent strategies to prevent pregnancy were, heterosexual interaction training (27.4%), sex education (26.2%), contraceptive use and induced abortion (21.4%), and innovations in the system of social culture (3.2%). The first priority for the respondents who had not experienced coitus was heterosexual interaction training (27.7%) but contraceptive use (35.5%) was the first priority for the group who had experienced coitus. In sex education, a focus on contraceptive use for teenage girls who have experienced coitus and on heterosexual interaction training for those who have not, would strengthen preventive strategies for these two sexual problems. Assertiveness training as part of sex education would further strengthen prevention strategies.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2003

Cancer causes many crises to cancer patients imcluding physical dysfunction and emotional changes such as anxiety, depression as well as a threat of life, fear of death. As it develops, cancer makes people feel powerlessness due to the losses of their own positions, roles and independence. Although occupying a little proportion among all types of cancer, head and neck cancer may cause a wide range of physical transformation by surgical operation, damage to active functions such as eating and speaking, provoke anxiety and depression after its operation, influencing the quality life of head and neck cancer patients. Thus nursing intervention should be developed to provide supportive nursing for head and neck cancer patients and play roles as competent supporters. This study is a nonequivalent, control group, pretest-posttest, non-synchronized quasi-experimental research design to determine, how nursing intervention has effects on anxiety, depressing of head and neck cancer and operated. They were divided into experimental and comparison groups, each consisting of 20 members. The data were collected during the period from December 1, 1999 to April 11, 2000. Tools of the study included the protocol of supportive nursing intervention which was developed by researcher with reference to a literal review and esperts' advice. The measurement tool of anxiety was consisting of totaled 20 question items which was prepared by Spielberger and translated by Kim et al., the device of depression measurement consisting of total 20 question items which was the output of Song's translation the device of depression self-evaluation from Zung. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/PC 9.0 program. The homogeneity of the subjects were tested using x2-test and t-test. 5 hypoteses were tested using t-test. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. 1.The first hypothesis that the experimental group receiving supportive nursing intervention shows a little anxiety than the control group not receiving supportive nursing intervention was supported(t=3.817, P=.000). 2.The second hypothesis that the experimental group receiving supportive nursing intervention shows a little depression than the control group not receiving supportive nursing intervention was supported(t=8.089, P=.000). Consequently, supportive nursing intervention was found an effective nursing intervention strategy to reduce anxiety and depression of head and neck cancer patients. Providing supportive nursing intervention in nursing practice can enhance the quality of life of those cancer patients.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.1045-1054
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• 2000

As cost pressures have escalated, policy makers, politicians, health care providers and families have tried to devise ways to reduce health care costs. While originally developed to enhance patient control and to provide better care at the end of life, hospice care has recently received significant attention as a mean of reducing health care costs. As a program providing care for patients who are dying at their homes, hospice has expanded slowly since the opening of the first hospice in Korea in 1963. Therefore, a variety of services that responds to the needs and concerns of many dying people and their families is limited The purpose of this study was to determine the potential cost savings at the end of life among patients who used home hospice compared with the patients who received institutional care in Korea. This study used a retrospective, descriptive design. The sample for this study included 46 patients who died of lung cancer: 25 patients who received home hospice care and 21 patients who received institutional care. Data on patient characteristics, kinds and frequencies of provided treatment and nursing services, and hospice and hospital charges during the last month before death were collected. Cost of care was measured by the average cost per patient per day in the last month of life. The results of the study indicated that there were significant differences in average cost of care between home hospice sample and institutional care sample (t=9.956, p<.001; home hospice sample: M=18,102 won, institutional care sample: M=317,578 won). The cost of the home hospice sample was approximately 6% of the cost of institutional care. The majority of the home hospice nursing services were education (35.7%) and supportive counseling (25.2%), followed by medication management (13.6%), assessment (12.1%), basic nursing (7.2%), treatment (5.5%) and others. In institutional care sample, basic nursing and treatment were more emphasized than education or supportive counseling among the nursing services provided. The results of this study showed the potential for hospice to reduce costs and implications for policymakers and clinicians to incorporate hospice program into the formal health care delivery system in Korea.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.1027-1035
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to develop the first domestic professional hospice educational program. We investigated the present condition of Korean hospice education and analyzed the prerequisite need for a dedicated hospice course in the professional education process. Research was conducted between June and November 1996 for nursing professors teaching at each nursing education institute to find out how much hospice is being discussed and by whom, in which course it is being discussed, and also to find out the contents that needed to be included in the professional education process. From a total of 49 colleges(29 three year colleges, 20 four year colleges) out of 99, 162 nursing professors replied, the collection rate was 49.5%. The conclusions are as follows ; 1. The present condition of the hospice nursing education. 1) Whether hospice is included in the education program. \circled1 89.65% of 3 year colleges and 90% of 4 year colleges included hospice education in their education program. \circled2 In graduate studies three schools included hospice in their program and three schools expressed their plans to include hospice education 2) Hospice related education were commonly discussed in adult nursing(26.3%), fundamental nursing(22.8%), and psychiatric nursing(20.2%). In 3 year colleges its commonly discussed in the first and second year and in 4 year colleges it is taught in the second and third year. 3) Hospice related theory/practical education hours were averages of 6.5/7.0 hrs in 3 year colleges and 14.2/11.3 hrs in 4 year colleges. 4) The majority of professors in charge of hospice education were in the following order adult nursing, psychiatric nursing, and fundamental nursing. 5) The courses that are thought to be adequate to manage hospice related education were adult nursing(29.3%), community health nursing(21.7%) and the desired method of education was the method currently being used (36.5%). 2. The demand for hospice nursing education. 1) Over 70% demanded professional hospice education program, the highest demand was for the value and meaning of life followed by the role and qualification of the hospice team and the mental maintenance of a dying patient. 25 categories showed over 90% demand. 2) The highest demand was for the value and meaning of life (98.2%) and the lowest demand were for danjeon breathing(71.0%)and acupuncture(71.0%). 3) Other contents that need to be discussed in the professional hospice education program were hospice nursing, the attitude and reaction of death, bereavement care, and the prospects of hospice.