• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.55-64
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• 2006

As digital systems were introduced to automotive design in the mid 1980s, the design process has adopted many digital programs to save time compared to the conventional hand drafting. Digital technology was introduced not only to satisfy the reeds of the global environment, as the number of automobiles exported to many different parts of the world has increased, but also to save time and effort in developing several models of quality automobiles. Therefore, every automotive manufacturer in the world has expanded its virtual reality(VR) studio to establish visualization systems that visualize automobiles in the actual size and a co-operation system that enables simultaneous feedback from all of its design studios around the world. Unlike the existing design reviewing methos, the new improved feedback system is assessed as a reasonable method to evaluates and understand how the automobiles are actually manufactured in simulation. It is especially helpful when advanced products and concept cars require fast results. Other strengths of the new system include shorter development period, cost efficiency, no more manual labor, various designs within a short period of time, and realistic visualization of concepts. Large-scale products, including automobiles, need to be projected in the actual size and high clarity through the Power-wall System and are examined in a virtual space called a Cave. Therefore, it took much time to establish digital infrastructure. An infrastructure would constantly require system improvement and performance enhancement, but it is certain that now is the right time for the take-off to utilizing the strengths of digital design and improve the weaknesses. In this respect, this study provided an understanding of the importance of digital design based on digital reinforcements and examined an effective utilization of digital technology for an efficient development of automobiles in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.69-90
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• 2006

1997년 시장개방 이후 할인점을 중심으로 한 대형유통점은 급성장한 반면, 중소유통점은 계속 쇠퇴하고 있다. 대형유통점이 대도시에 이어 지방중소도시로 확대되면서 중소유통점은 대형유통점이 자신의 생존을 가장 크게 위협하고 있는 것으로 인식하고 있다. 이로 인해 중소유통점과 대형유통점간의 갈등이 확산되고 있는 실정이다. 갈등이 확산되면서 일부 지자체의 경우 이미 조례로 대형유통점에 대한 규제를 강화하였으며, 일부 의원들에 의해 대형 유통점에 대한 규제를 주 내용으로 하는 입법발의가 되고 있다. 중소유통점이 정부와 지자체에 요구하는 것은 크게 두 가지이다. 하나는 중소유통업을 살리기 위해 중소유통점에 대한 지원을 강화해 달라는 것이며, 또 다른 하나는 대형유통점에 대한 규제를 강화해 달라는 것이다. 반면, 대형유통점은 유통산업 전체의 건전한 발전과 선진화, 글로벌화를 위해 대형유통점에 대한 규제를 오히려 완화해 달라고 요구하고 있다. 대형유통점은 중소유통점의 경쟁력 강화를 목적으로 하는 정부나 지자체의 지원에는 반대하고 있지 않다. 정부와 지자체가 고려할 수 있는 정책대안은 크게 네 가지이다. 첫 번째 방안은 자유경쟁의 원리에 의해 정부가 시장에 개입하지 않는 것이다. 이 경우, 경쟁력이 약한 중소유통점은 계속 쇠퇴할 것이며 갈등이 심화되고 정부와 지자체에 대한 사회정치적 비난이 커질 우려가 있다. 두 번째 방안은 중소유통점의 경쟁력 강화를 위해 정부와 지자체가 이들에 대한 지원을 강화하는 것이다. 개별 중소유통점의 경영혁신 노력과 중소유통점간의 연대노력을 행 재정적으로 지원하는 것이 주된 내용이다. 중소유통사업자의 경영능력 배양을 목적으로 한 교육지원, 마케팅능력 제고, 협업화, 조직화, 정보화의 촉진, 공동사업에 대한 지원이 이에 해당될 것이다. 현재 정부와 다수의 지자체가 취하고 있는 방안이며 네 가지 대안 중 가장 합리적인 것으로 평가되고 있다. 세 번째 방안은 대형유통점과 중소유통점간의 상생협력을 정부와 지자체가 유도하는 것이다. 경쟁관계에 있는 두 당사자 간의 상생협력을 모색하는 것은 모양새는 아름답지만 실효성이 낮은 것이 문제이다. 전시성, 일회성 사업으로 끝나지 않도록 하여야 할 것이다. 네 번째 방안은, 정부와 지자체가 대형유통점에 대한 규제를 강화하는 것이다. 먼저, 대형유통점의 불공정거래행위에 대한 감시감독과 처벌을 강화하는 것은 당연한 것이다. 그러나 정부가 아닌 지자체가 이를 주도하기는 사실 어려움이 있다. 그리고 대형유통점이 영업행위를 영업시간제한에서부터 출점제한에 이르기까지 규제하는 건은 심사숙고하여야 한다. 대형유통점이 국가경제 및 지역사회에 미치는 영향이 부정적인가 긍정적인가에 대해 국내외 학계와 업계에서 여전히 많은 논란이 있기 때문이다. 정부와 지자체에 의한 시장개입은 반드시 필요한 경우에 한해 합당한 방법에 의해 이루어져야 한다. 대형유통점에 대한 규제는 지역사회에 미치는 영향을 다면적으로 평가한 결과에 근거하여 이루어져야 할 것이다. 대부분의 지자체는 체계적인 평가시스템과 객관적인 통계 자료를 갖고 있지 못한 실정이다. 향후 가장 시급한 과제는 시장개방 이후 지난 10년간 대형유통점이 지역사회에 미친 영향에 관한 광범위한 통계자료를 수집하고 이를 체계적으로 분석하여 정책방향을 올바르게 설정하는 것이라 할 수 있다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.227-245
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• 2014

It was ten yeas ago that Bolero Bill of Lading was been introduced on the base of efforts of UN and CMI to solve the crisis of Bill of Lading, but Electronic Bill of Lading is not utilized in practice owing to the problems to be settled. Bolero Bill of Lading is not in widespread use owing to absence of collaboration model between Bolero and e-Trade service providers in each nation in the early stage. In the situation that Bolero Bill of Lading is not utilized in practice, Korean Commercial Law regulates the designation of the registration authority of Electronic Bill of Lading. Therefore, the Minister of Justice designated KTNET as Registration Authority of Electronic Bill of Lading and KTNET opened the e-B/L Korea (www.eblkorea.or.kr) to provide the Electronic Bill of Lading service to domestic trade community. But there is many problems in supplying the Electronic Bill of Lading service by the e-B/L Korea in compared with Bolero Bill of Lading. These problems are related with the characteristics of designation of Registration authority of Electronic Bill of Lading. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to contribute to the activation of Electronic Bill of Lading domestically by studying the designation of Registration authority of Electronic Bill of Lading in Korea and finding the characteristics of the designation and the issues and problems regarding the characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.159-183
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• 2014

This study is to deeply investigate the process experience of making the local organization with the supervisors and the social workers-in-field with the research question, 'how is the project process of community building leaded by community welfare centers'. For this, 6 community welfare centers were selected among 22 ones participated in the public contest of Seoul Welfare Foundation, and 15 line workers including the top supervisors working there were selected as the research participants and interviewed. The interview source materials of research participants were analyzed using the method of consistent comparison of Strauss and Corbin(1996). According to the result of the research, the project process of community building leaded by community welfare centers indicated 4 phases such as 'the step of change of recognition', 'the step of mutual communication', 'the step of cooperation expansion', and 'initiative construction'. With the result of this study, I supposed political and practical tasks for promoting that local residents voluntarily build the community and the change of paradigm that is community welfare centers for local residents. Also, this study will be relevant that the result of this study is offered as base line data for extending theoretical and practical discussion about building community depending on characteristic of community and community welfare centers.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.153-180
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the research articles on social work practice and discuss tasks of social work practice research in broadening and deepening social welfare knowledge body in Korea. First, this paper arranges critical discussion and results on social work practice research since the dawn of history in Korean social welfare research. Second, this paper examines 874 research articles published in Korean Journal of Social Welfare from the volume one in 1998 to the volume 66(4) in 2014. The appearance rate of social work practice research was 16.6%(145 articles), and empirical research in relation to social work practice was 40.5%(363 articles). Among 145 articles, 8.6% were practitioners, and the rest of them were in the position of professors. In addition, 26.2% were researches on program effectiveness, and 29.0% were researches on social worker. Third, this paper was interviewed 8 professors who majored social work practice. They evaluate the present states of social work practice research as positioning to boundary, crisis and confusion. Finally, this paper discusses the tasks of Korean social work practice research in order to more solidly develop the knowledge body of social work practice in Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.885-893
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• 2015

In this study, we compared the use of information and communications technology (ICT) by middle school teachers in Korea and other countries utilizing the teacher survey data of the IEA International Computer and Information Literacy Study (ICILS) 2013. The ICILS target population consisted of all students in the eighth grade. We compared Korea with Australia, the Czech Republic, Norway, and Poland, which are nations showing the highest achievements in computer and information literacy. We selected nine questions from the teacher questionnaire and divided them into the categories of computer use, use of ICT for teaching and learning, and the ICT support environment in school. In comparison to their counterparts in other countries, Korean middle school science teachers used computers frequently and also had high ICT self-efficacy. They were confident in their ability to use computers for general tasks, but not in their ability to use computers for teaching and learning. The Korean teachers also had a high percentage of utilization of presentation and graphics software. Also, the proportion of activities concerning the information provided and teacher-led tasks was high, but the proportion of activities for student collaboration or peer interaction was low. In Korea, middle school science teachers had more negative than positive views of using ICT in teaching and learning. The teachers thought that computer-related resource support and digital learning materials were insufficient and that the computer model was outdated in schools. Therefore, we propose to build an ICT infrastructure and to develop and disseminate ICT teaching and learning methods for student activities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.149-156
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• 2021

This study started from the question of what we think about big data as the term "big data" was used and discussed in our daily lives in the era of the 4th industrial revolution. For the analysis, the final 30 Q samples were selected based on prior research related to big data, and 23 respondents were secured for Q analysis, and the following results were derived. First, the explanatory power of each type was 34.30% for , 8.03% for , 7.21% for , and 6.24% for , showing a total of 55.69%. Second, the Q sample emphasized by respondents by each type shows various occupational distributions in , and for 'big data', it is 'digital' and future'. So they were named 「Digital Type」. In , the distribution of 'social workers' was high, and for 'big data', 'future', 'collaboration', 'welfare', 'local residents', and 'defense' were emphasized. It was named 「welfare type」. In , the job distribution of respondents appeared evenly, and it was named as 「Convergence Type」. Because it emphasized statements such as 'convergence', 'digital', 'future', and 'sports'. is composed of association officials, sports instructors, and graduate students, and was named 「Artificial Intelligence Type」, because it emphasizes 'artificial intelligence', 'new paradigm', 'network', and 'sports'. In the age of knowledge industrialization and knowledge informatization that followed industrialization and informatization, how to process and utilize the numerous data accumulated over the years is an important task. Right now, in sports, more than anything else, it is necessary to continuously seek ways to utilize and activate accumulated big data.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.101-116
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• 2022

This study aims to apply the problem-based learning method to a college course on 'Consumer Studies' in a teacher education program. The participants of this study were 27 undergraduate students who were enrolled in the course. The PBL class was implemented for seven weeks using two problems: proposing special lectures on economic concepts and financial consulting. The effectiveness of PBL was analyzed through self-reflective journals, self-assessment, and a learning satisfaction survey of students. The result of this study was as follows. Students achieved the learning objectives and strengthened their collaboration and communication skills with team members during the PBL process. Moreover, students improved their self-directed learning and problem-solving ability through the PBL class. The results of self-assessment, in terms of learning task performance, active interaction, and self-directed learning were generally high at 4.63 points. In addition, the overall learning satisfaction level was very high, with a score of 4.75. The results will provide effective information on PBL classes to instructors and prospective teachers and will be used as data for learner-centered PBL classes.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2020

Housing issues such as mushrooming slums remain as chronic in most developing countries. Due to the state's restrained capacity, the housing-vulnerable's self-help approaches have been increasingly inevitable and vital for addressing the housing issues. However, there are still two challenges: securing good quality with economic efficiency, and climate change mitigation and adaptation. This study aims at doing an architectural experiment by developing and educating the production of eco-friendly interlocking stabilized soil bricks (ISSB) by employing vernacular materials and technologies for housing-vulnerable communities in Indonesia. In collaboration with a local architectural NGO, the study features a co-creation workshop in which 40 evicted households participate in the whole process. Soil analysis, mixed design, compression tests, and economic analysis are carried out. This paper illustrates that ISSB also has a high potential as an alternative to a burned brick or a cement block. The application of ISSB to self-help housing is expected to have socioeconomic and environmental effects, thereby facilitating the housing-vulnerable's self-help approaches and contributing to addressing the housing challenges in Indonesia.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.117-137
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• 2020

We examine the current status of smart factory deployment and diffusion programs in Korea, and seek to promote manufacturing innovation from the perspective of SMEs. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows. First, without additional market creation and supply chain improvement, smart factories are unlikely to raise profitability leading to overinvestment. Second, new business models need to connect "manufacturing process efficiency" with "R&D" and "marketing" in value chain in smart factories. Third, when introducing smart factories, we need to focus on the areas where process-embedded technology is directly linked to corporate competitiveness. Based on the modularity-maturity matrix (Pisano and Shih, 2012) and the examples of U.S. Manufacturing Innovation Institute (MII), we establish the new smart factory deployment policy measures as follows. First, we shift our smart factory strategy from quantitative expansion to qualitative upgrading. Second, we promote by each sector the formation of industrial commons that help SMEs to jointly develop R&D, exchange standardized data and practices, and facilitate supplier-led procurement system. Third, to implement new technology and business models, we encourage partnerships, collaborations, and M&As between conventional SMEs and start-ups and business ventures. Fourth, the whole deployment process of smart factories is indexed in detail to identify the problems and provide appropriate solutions.