• Title/Summary/Keyword: 협약

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A Study on the Establishment of Engine Room Resource Management System using the Requirements of ISO 9001 (ISO 9001을 이용한 기관실 자원관리시스템(ERMS)의 구축에 관한 연구)

  • Jang, Won-Jun;Kim, Jong-Ho
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.327-333
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    • 2012
  • The Engine Room Resource Management System will be applied to ocean going ships according to the revision of 2010 STCW convention. This paper aims to study the practical procedures for establishing Engine Room Resource Management System in connection with the eight quality management principles of ISO 9001 and Korean law. For the purpose of this study. the definition and the necessity of Engine Room Resource Management System and customer, product, customer requirements in accordance with the requirements of the ISO 9001 are reviewed and discussed.

무인항공기(드론) 사고의 법적책임 연구

  • Choe, Byeong-Rok
    • Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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    • 2017.05a
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    • pp.71-79
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    • 2017
  • 조종사가 탑승하지 않고도 지정된 임무를 수행할 수 있도록 제작된 무인항공기(드론)가 다양한 장비(광학, 적외선, 레이더 센서 등)를 탑재하여 활용되고 있다. 지금까지는 국가안보 유지 수단으로서 감시 정찰 정밀공격무기의 유도 등의 임무를 수행하여 왔다. 최근에는 민간부문에서도 다양한 용도로 활용되고 있어서 정부(국토교통부 산업통상자원부)는 무인항공기의 국내경제발전의 파급효과를 인지하고, 세계 무인항공기시장에서 우선순위를 선점하기 위해 투자확대를 기해 왔다. 무인항공기시장이 산업발전과 고용촉진에 도움이 되어 국내경제에 긍정적인 효과가 많다고 하더라도 무인항공기의 안전운행을 담보할 다양한 법적 제도적인 장치의 마련이 필요하다. 따라서 무인항공기로 야기되는 다양한 유형의 사고를 검토하여 이에 대한 법적 책임에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 무인항공기의 사고는 운영자의 운영상의 과실로 인한 사고도 있고 무인항공기 자체의 결함으로 인한 사고도 발생할 수 있다. 또한 운행자의 고의과실로 인한 타인의 권리(프라이버시권 등)를 침해하는 경우나 무인항공기끼리의 충돌사고도 발생할 수 있다. 이러한 사고로 인한 책임은 민사책임으로서 대부분 지상 제3자에 대한 생명 신체 또는 재산상의 손해배상책임이다. 이러한 책임을 규율하는 국제협약으로 로마협약이 있지만 체약국이 없기 때문에 국제협약으로서의 역할을 못하고 있다. 따라서 현재로서는 각국의 국내법에 의하여 해결될 가능성이 많을 것으로 생각된다. 무인항공기 운영자의 과실로 인한 사고는 민법이나 상법이 적용될 수 있고, 무인항공기의 제작결함으로 인해 사고가 발생하였을 경우와 시스템의 오작동으로 인해 사고가 발생하였다면 제조물 책임을 물어야 할 경우도 있을 수 있다. 이러한 법적 쟁점에 대한 검토를 통하여 무인항공기 공급과 활용의 확대로 인한 다양한 사고발생과 책임범위를 명확히 하여 사고당사자들의 책임관계를 인식시키는 것이 필요하다.

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VM Inside - 자판기, 이제 좀 착한일 좀 하자!

  • 한국자동판매기공업협회
    • Vending industry
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.64-65
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    • 2012
  • 얼마전 한국자동판매기공협협회(이하:협회)에서는 유니세프에 국내 자판기 운영업체들이 어떻게 하면 기부관련 협약 체결을 할 수 있는지를 물었다. 취지를 요약하자면 "자판기 모금을 통해 착한 일을 해보고 싶어 하는 곳이 많다. 유니세프에 수익금의 일부를 기부하는 것에 관심을 갖는 곳이 있는데 어떻게 하면 참여를 할 수 있는가? 협회 차원에서 그 방법을 안내하고 싶다"는 내용이었다. 반응은 의외였다. 별로 자판기 업계가 유니세프 기부에 참여하는 것을 반기지 않았다. 좋은 일에 기부하고자 하는 선의를 무시하는 것 같아 꼬치꼬치 이유를 물었다. 유니세프 관계자는 "자판기 운영자와 협약을 맺으면 '이 자판기 수익금 중 일부(%)는 유니세프를 통해 불우한 지구촌 어린이들에게 지원됩니다'라는 문구를 사용하게 된다"고 밝히며 "그런데 그동안 기부에 참여 한다고 해놓고 문구만 사용하고 기부금은 입금하지 않는 업체가 많았다"고 말했다. 문제는 그렇게 해도 유니세프가 일일이 단속 할 수 없는 현실이라는 점. 그렇기 때문에 솔직히 자판기 운영업체가 참여를 한다고 해도 못 미더운 심정이라고 밝혔다. 아울러 이 관계자는 "협회를 통해 많은 업체가 참여할 경우 자판기를 통한 기부확산이라는 점은 긍정적이지만 염려되는 면이 있는 것이 사실이다"면서 "솔직히 협회차원에서 나서서 협약 안내를 하지 않았으면 한다"입장을 밝혔다. 부아가 치밀었지만 현실이 잘못되어 있는 점은 어쩔 수 없는 일이다. 유니세프 쪽에서 자판기 분야의 참여업체가 선례가 오죽 좋지 않았으면 그런 입장을 표명했을까?

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A Study on Economic Dispatch Incorporating CO2 Emission Constraints and Emission Trading (CO2 제약조건과 배출권 거래제를 고려한 급전계획)

  • Kim, Yang-Il;Chung Koo-Hyung;Han, Seok-Man;Kim, Bal-Ho, H.
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.16 no.1 s.49
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    • pp.40-45
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    • 2007
  • Many countries have been preparing the exercise of UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). If UNFCCC is enforced, considerable changes in generation sector are expected due to the imposed greenhouse gas emission. This paper proposes dispatch scheduling algorithms which incorporate the emission constraints and emission trading. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the availability these algorithms.

A Study on IMO's Progress for Entry into Force of 1993 Torremolinos Protocol(III) (1993 토레몰리노스 의정서의 발효를 위한 IMO의 논의사항(III))

  • Yoo, Young-Jong;Na, Hyoung-Jin
    • Journal of Korea Ship Safrty Technology Authority
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    • s.31
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    • pp.4-13
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    • 2011
  • 어선 안전에 관한 최초의 국제 협약인 1977 어선안전을 위한 토레몰리노스 국제협약(77 협약)을 대체한 1993 토레몰리노스 의정서(93 의정서)는 현재 그 발효요건이 충족되지 못하여 전 세계적으로 발효되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 국제해사기구(IMO)는 93 의정서의 요건을 완화하여 각 국의 비준을 촉진시킬 목적으로 "1993 토레몰리노스 의정서 시행에 관한 협정"의개발을 해당 전문위원회인 복원성, 만재흘수선, 어선안전 전문위원회의 우선과제로 추진하고 있고, 제53차 회의(SLF 53, 2011. 1월)까지 동 협정 또는 총회결의의 초안 작업을 완료하여, 최종적으로 제27차 IMO 총회(2011. 11월)에서 이를 채택할 계획으로 논의를 진행하고 있다. 따라서 이러한 국제적인 움직임에 대응하고 동 의정서의 발효에 대비하여 우리나라에 미치는 파급효과를 최소화하기 위한 활동의 일환으로 공단이 수행한 "농림수산식품부의 2010년 수산기술개발사업"인 "1993 토레몰리노스 의정서 시행에 관한 협정 개발 대응연구"의 일부로써, 본 연구는 "선박안전" 제29호 및 제30호에 게재된 "1993 토레몰리노스 의정서의 시행에 관한 IMO의 활동"에 이어 최근 IMO의 회의 결과를 담고 있다.

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EU-US Privacy Shield Agreement and Domestic Policy Direction (유럽연합과 미국의 개인정보 이전 협약 (프라이버시 쉴드)과 국내 정책 방향)

  • YUN, Jaesuk
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.1269-1277
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    • 2016
  • European Union and United States have introduced new Privacy Shield agreement after decision of Court of Justice of the European Union which invalidated Safe Harbor agreement. Privacy Shield agreement contains several clauses to raise the level of personal data protection such as enhanced commitments, stronger enforcement, clear safeguards and transparency obligations, and effective protection of EU citizens' rights with several redress possibilities. This agreement has received positive response as an enhanced measure for personal data protection. This paper examines EU and US discussion history and current situation regarding Privacy Shield and suggests national policy direction such as measures for personal data transborder flow system improvement and international cooperation.

Establishment of early-employment type contract department industry-university linkage sharing and portfolio Operating System (조기취업형 계약학과 산학연계 공유 및 포트폴리오 운영시스템 구축)

  • Sung Jin Kim;Min Ho Jo;Min Sun Kim;Young Hun Kim;Gi Hwan Oh;Joo Han Hwang;Young Hyun Yoon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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    • 2023.01a
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    • pp.137-140
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    • 2023
  • 본 고는 조기취업형 계약학과의 협약 산업체와 학생들 간의 정보 소통 및 포트폴리오 운영을 위한 자체 정보를 제공하는 웹 애플리케이션을 개발한 프로젝트를 소개한다. 해당 웹 애플리케이션은 대학과 기업이 협약을 통해 현장 실무 역량을 갖춘 인재를 양성하는 조기취업형 계약학과 관계자를 위해 제작하였으며 운영학과 및 교수 소개, 산업체 정보 및 산업체별 학생 정보와 웹 사용자의 의견 및 공지 사항을 제시할 수 있는 자유게시판, 다양한 형식의 자료를 업로드 가능한 자료실 콘텐츠로 구성되어 있다. 개발된 웹 애플리케이션은 학생과 협약기업과 같은 관계자들의 소통 장이 될 것으로 기대한다.

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A Legal Study on liability for damages cause of the air carrier : With an emphasis upon liability of passenger (항공운송인의 손해배상책임 원인에 관한 법적 고찰 - 여객 손해배상책임을 중심으로 -)

  • So, Jae-Seon;Lee, Chang-Kyu
    • The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.3-35
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    • 2013
  • Air transport today is a means of transport that is optimized for exchanges between nations. Around the world, has experienced an increase in operating and the number of airline route expansion that has entered into the international aviation agreements in order to take advantage of the air transport efficient, but the possibility of the occurrence of air transport accidents increased. When compared to the accident of other means of transport, development of air transport accidents, not high, but it leads to catastrophe aviation accident occurs. Air Transport accident many international transportation accident than domestic transportation accident, in the event of an accident, the analysis of the legal responsibility of the shipper or the like is necessary or passenger air carrier. Judgment of the legal order of discipline of air transport accident is a classification of the type of air transport agreement. Depending on the object, air transport agreements are classified into the contract of carriage of aviation of the air passenger transportation contract. For casualties occurs, air passenger transportation accident is a need more discussion of legal discipline for this particular. Korean Commercial Code, it is possible to reflect in accordance with the actual situation of South Korea the contents of the treaty, which is utilized worldwide in international air transport, even on the system, to control land, sea, air transport and welcoming to international standards. However, Korean Commercial Code, the problem of the Montreal Convention has occurred as it is primarily reflecting the Montreal Convention. As a cause of liability for damages, under the Commercial Code of Korea and the contents of the treaty precedent is reflected, the concept of accident is necessary definition of the exact concept for damages of passengers in particular. Cause of personal injury or death of passengers, in the event of an accident to the "working for the elevation" or "aircraft" on, the Montreal Convention is the mother method of Korea Commercial Code, liability for damages of air carrier defines. The Montreal Convention such, continue to be a matter of debate so far in connection with the scope of "working for the lifting of" the concepts defined in the same way from Warsaw Convention "accident". In addition, it is discussed and put to see if you can be included mental damage passenger suffered in air transport in the "personal injury" in the damage of the passenger is in the range of damages. If the operation of aircraft, injury accident, in certain circumstances, compensation for mental damage is possible, in the same way as serious injury, mental damage caused by aviation accidents not be able to live a normal life for the victim it is damage to make. So it is necessary to interpret and what is included in the injury to the body in Korea Commercial Code and related conventions, non-economic damage of passengers, clearly demonstrated from the point of view of prevention of abuse of litigation and reasonable protection of air carrier it must compensate only psychological damage that can be. Since the compensation of delay damages, Warsaw Convention, the Montreal Convention, Korea Commercial Code, there are provisions of the liability of the air carrier due to the delayed arrival of passenger and baggage, but you do not have a reference to delayed arrival, the concept of delay arrangement is necessary. The strict interpretation of the concept of delayed arrival, because it may interfere with safe operation of the air carrier, within the time agreed to the airport of arrival that is described in the aviation contract of carriage of passenger baggage, or, these agreements I think the absence is to be defined as when it is possible to consider this situation, requests the carrier in good faith is not Indian or arrive within a reasonable time is correct. The loss of passenger, according to the international passenger Conditions of Carriage of Korean Air, in addition to the cases prescribed by law and other treaties, loss of airline contracts, resulting in passengers from a service that Korean Air and air transport in question do damage was is, that the fact that Korean Air does not bear the responsibility as a general rule, that was caused by the negligence or intentional negligence of Korean Air is proof, negligence of passengers of the damage has not been interposed bear responsibility only when it is found. It is a clause in the case of damage that is not mandated by law or treaty, and responsible only if the negligence of the airline side has been demonstrated, but of the term negligence "for" intentional or negligent "Korean Air's Terms" I considered judgment of compatibility is required, and that gross negligence is appropriate. The "Korean Air international passenger Conditions of Carriage", airlines about the damage such as electronic equipment that is included in the checked baggage of passengers does not bear the responsibility, but the loss of baggage, international to arrive or depart the U.S. it is not the case of transportation. Therefore, it is intended to discriminate unfairly passengers of international flights arriving or departure to another country passengers of international flights arriving or departure, the United States, airlines will bear the responsibility for the goods in the same way as the contents of the treaty it should be revised in the direction.

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The Efficiency and General Equilibrium Effect by the Emission Trading Structure under the Climate Change Convention (기후변화협약 하의 배출권 거래 대상에 따른 일반균형효과와 효율성 비교)

  • Hur, Gahyeong;Cho, GyeongLyeob
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.201-245
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    • 2006
  • We applied general equilibrium model to analysis the economic impact of international emission trading by sector and the efficiency of the Convention to study whether Climate Change Convention satisfy the efficiency. We divided the world as 4 groups : USA, OECD members w/o USA (OEC), Former Soviet Union (FSU) and Developing countries (DEV). Compared to no trading, global trading would accomplish the same environmental effect with less cost as much as 97.8 billion$, which is the surplus of trading. However, half of it is taken by USA and 20% by OEC. FSU and DEV have only 18% and 10%. This result suggest the two things. First, the emission trading is effective as far as the participation of developing countries are guaranteed. If they do not take part in the coalition and emit the leakage, it may threaten the stability of the international trading coalition. Second, we found the logical ground of the side payment for developing countries. The permit buying countries take more share of the surplus under the emission trading, while the energy sector of developing countries shrinks to sell permits, which may adversely affect to economic growth of the countries. Therefore, the Annex-I countries need to provide side payment to lead the participation of the developing countries.

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A Study on the IT Outsourcing for Service Level Agreement in Public Agencies (공공기관에서의 서비스 수준 협약(SLA)에 따른 IT 아웃소싱에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Sung Ho;Kim, Hee Wan;Kim, Dong Soo
    • Journal of Service Research and Studies
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.47-59
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    • 2012
  • With the rapid development of the Internet, public agencies and private companies introduced 'IT outsourcing in order to maintain and repair the information systems. Also they have utilized the SLA in order to manage it. Although IT outsourcing as a way to promote effective SLA are being introduced, the introduction of service level agreements or those introduced universal effectiveness did not demonstrate in the public agencies. The importance of outsourcing in the information systems is growing, but the increase in size of the business information, IT technology diversification, expansion of information between systems interconnection, information system operating and maintenance costs with the increase of information systems to streamline operations, increase the need for versatility is growing gradually. In this paper we investigates IT outsourcing in public agencies as a way to promote effective service level agreement(SLA) with the introduction and consideration, and through the application of SLA mutual customers and IT service organizations make a clear point of management and IT service levels and IT services for improved mind and strengthen the effectiveness of preventive activities can be seen.

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