• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.31
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• pp.131-163
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• 2018

The concept of pilgrimage is a phenomenon that appears in almost every major religion. It is traditionally defined as religious travel to a sacred external place for spiritual purposes and introspection. However, there are many different relationships between pilgrimages and religious customs, including excursions through abstract dimensions and regular journeys such as annual holidays. Because modern pilgrimages are taken for a variety of reasons, they are not limited to faith-based historical locations. Thus, many scholars also perceive pilgrimages as an increasing part of the general industry of tourism. These journeys are now studied in a diverse range of fields (e.g., ethnography and tourism). In this way, pilgrimages have created a new market from an industrial perspective. This economic analysis has resulted in secular interest. Pilgrimages can now be taken by gil (walkways), which have gained tremendous popularity. Thus, religiosity and humanity as they are embraced through pilgrimages are now receiving outside influences. This study therefore is aimed at generating suggestions for developing the pilgrimage routes related to Kang Jeungsan (i.e., the Supreme God of Daesoon Jinrihoe). These proposed Jeungsan routes are not simply restricted to religious activities or nostalgia, nor are they exclusively concerned with encountering holiness. To realize this idea, it is necessary to reconsider the concept of a sacred space.

• Korean Architects
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• no.10 s.354
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• pp.53-53
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• 1998

지난호 상편에서는 전주ㆍ익산ㆍ군산의 역사적 배경과 전주의 도시 건축에 대한 지역성을 탐색했다. 이에 이어 하편에서는 전주의 역사와 문화 그리고 익산과 군산의 도시 건축을 탐색해 보고자 한다. 상편에서도 언급했듯이 전북을 대표하는 3개의 도시, 전주, 익산, 군산은 지리적 특성과 역사적 특성으로 인해 동일 문화권이지만 지켜온 현상들에서 서로 다르며 격리된 느낌의 단부소외성을 지니고 있다. 전북은 우선 완주, 익산, 고창에 이르는 백제, 마한의 평야와 해안의 문화권과 이씨왕조의 본향으로 고도의 특색을 지닌 도시문화권인 전주권, 거대한 산세를 자랑하는 지리산의 자연과 맥을 같이하는 남원군역으로 크게 대별 되어진다. 전북지방의 건축문화적 토대는 여타의 문화와 동일하게 백제의 숨결속에서 느낄 수 있다. 화려함도, 아기자기함도 없지만 있는 그대로, 한국의 정서를 압축한 듯 절박함을 바탕으로 한 백제의 문화적 속성을 지니고 있다. 한편 지나간 시절의 영화가 현재에 재현되거나 지속되고 있지는 못하나 지난 삶의 자취에서, 이곳 사람들의 인정에서, 맛의 문화에서 그 깊이와 멋의 가닥을 찾을 수 있다. 현대의 도시들은 이러한 도시형성상의 문화적 지혜나 건축적 혜안을 관찰하여 이루어지고 있는지 못하다. 우리의 최근의 역사들은 연약하지도, 섬세하지도 않고 오히려 일시에 옛 자취를 휩쓸어 버리는 강성을 지녀 혼이 담긴 과거의 흔적을 유지하기 쉽지 않다. 우리는 이러한 현상을 주시하였고, 옛 백제 문화의 정신을 토대로 성장하고 있는 현재의 모습들을 관찰하며 반성도 했고, 이어지고 남겨져야 할 이 고장의 특성을 헤아렸다. 마지막으로 이 고장의 미래가 발전적이기를 염원도 해본다.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.19
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• pp.151-159
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• 1999

종교 공간으로서의 교회 건축물은 각 지역 단체생활의 정신적, 물질적으로 다양한 활동을 공급하고 있는 장소이다. 그러나 오늘날 변화무쌍한 현대 사회의 도심 교회들은 그 참여수가 점차 줄고 있는 젊은 세대들에게 충분한 만족을 주고 있지 못한 실정이다. 대부분의 영국 도심 교회가 변화가 어려운 예배당 공간 하나로, 각기 다른 기능을 요구하는 이용자들에게 다기능 공간을 공급하고 있으며, 과거에 잠재적 기능을 고려하지 않고 디자인된 대부분의 한국 도심교회들도 비슷한 조건의 문제 발생으로, 현 이용자들에게 또 다른 요구사항들과 불편함을 주고 있다. 이것은 이용자가 공간을 사용함으로 즐거움과 감흥을 얻기가 어렵게 구성되어 있음을 보여주고 있다. 오늘날, 젊은이들의 생활 패턴이 바뀌어 가고 있음으로 그 실태는 더욱 심각하게 나타나고 있다. 본 연구는 먼저 도심교회 공간의 전형적인 문제점과, 연령별 이용자 그룹의 우선권을 조사하고, 각기 다른 조건의 종교적 공간 사례 조사를 통해 이용자들 및 공간 디자인의 요구사항을 분석하고 있다. 이어서, 각 공간에 따른 문제 해결 방법을 성공적 공간디자인 사례자료를 토대로 정리한 후, 어떠한 종교적 공간에서도 적용 가능하도록 통합적으로 설정된 디자인목표를 바탕으로, 세가지 다른 방법의 계획서들을 제시하고 있다. 마지막으로, 이용자들의 응답을 통해 계획서를 평가하여, 그것에 근거한 결론적인 종합적 디자인 계획서를 제안하고 있다. 본 연구는 교회가 필요로 하는 기능에 따라 변화가 가능한 예배공간을 활용할 수 있는 디자인을 제시하는 데에 그 목적을 두고 있으며, 기존의 교회건물이 더욱 더 많이 사용자의 요구에 만족할 수 있도록 만들어질 수 있는가에 대한 방향이 제시되고 있다.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.19-30
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• 2017

Today's new engine of economic growth is innovative technology intensive SMEs. However, they have limited access to funding because of asymmetric information problems. Sharing of SME information helps reduce information asymmetry. This paper explains the Korean system of SME technology information sharing, as well as SME credit information sharing. It also provides theoretical analysis about the effects of the SME information sharing on banks' credit analysis activities, based on Karapetyan and Stacescu (2013). Sharing of SME credit and technology information expands the data set of banks and it will enhance their credit analysis. In addition, SME information sharing increases banks' investments in credit analysis activities. To encourage SME information sharing and production, the government can subsidize the production of SME technology information.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.8 no.4 s.21
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• pp.129-146
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• 1999

The Purpose of this Study is to find the Modern Movements which had done important roles on the development of modern church architecture and sacred art in the first half of 20th century. I had investigated the background and process of the movements, and analyzed the buildings which represented the movements. And I compared the architectural fruits of 'Riturgical Movement' and 'L' art $Sacr\'{e}$ Movement. The results are summarized as follows : First, there are two important movements in Catholic church in the backgrounds of the innovative changes of modern church architecture, Those are 'Riturgical Movement' which pursuits to establish a closer relation between clergy and congregation, and to make the positive participants in the service not mere observers and 'L' art $Sacr\'{e}$ Movement' which pursuits to accept modern secular art into church. Second, both movements had been developed on the bases of the theological studies with tow monasteries - Benedictine Order and Dominican Order - as leader. And the main concept was a kind of revival movement which recovers the Christian tradition. Third, The two movements began from the different themes and in the different regions. But they exerted influences each other, and achieved successful fruits in the Catholic churches of England and Swiss in 1960'. Fourth, 'Riturigical reformation' and 'Acceptance of modern art' had been officialized and generalized through the second Vatican Council(1962-1965).

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.517-532
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• 2009

This study was carried out to review the characteristics of the Swedish modern furniture design and the works of Bruno Mathsson, who is appreciated as one of the most important furniture designers in the history of modern Swedish design. First, the authors examined how the Swedish designers set the value of warm, graceful humanity, practical simplicity, and the traditional craftsmanship in their furniture design with modernist ideology. Second, by examining the range of Bruno Mathsson's works from the 1930s to the 1980s, the authors searched for how these works show the realized models of the ideals of Swedish modern furniture. In this, this article explains that Mathsson's works and the modern Swedish furniture could have been regarded and beloved as being innovative and modern for more than 50 years for their friendliness to human body by the ergonomic structure and to human feeling by the quality of natural materials and finishes. In addition, their consistent effort to adopt traditional craftsmanship into functionalist ideals of modern design shows how these furniture designs could have keep the lasting quality in the life of people in different time frames.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.73-77
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 직장인의 관계갈등이 직무몰입 미치는 영향에 대해 마음챙김의 조절효과가 유의한 것으로 이어지는지 서울·경기에 거주하고 있는 직장인을 대상으로 800부의 설문을 실시하여 분석에 사용하고자 한다. 현대사회 풍요로움의 시대이기도 하지만 시간적으로나 경제적으로 과도한 부담을 안고 살아가는 시대이기도 하다. 개인의 영역이 보호되기 위해 그 영역을 관리보호 해주는 조직체계가 생겨나고 유지 해주며 긴밀한 상호관계적 문명사회가 만드는 여러 스트레스가 발생 되고 있다. 불신감과 긴장상태는 정신적 에너지를 저하 시키고 심리적소진과 직무스트레스로 인한 직장 내 생활과 가정 생활영역에 모두 자리 잡게 되어가고 있으며, 관계적 팽창은 기업의 인적자원 활용에 부정적인 영향을 끼침과 동시에 근로자의 직장생활 몰입 동기부여를 떨어뜨려 장기적으로 업무능력과 기업의 경쟁력이 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 일반 성인들이 살아가고 있는 직장에서 발생할 수 있는 문제와 직장인의 심리적 취약점으로 인한 심각한 문제들이 대두되고 있어 관계갈등과 조직몰입에 대한 마음챙김의 조절된 매개효과를 확인해보고자 한다 본 연구에서는 직장인의 관계갈등이 직무몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구를 마음챙김의 조절된 매개효과를 진행하고자 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 직장 내 관계갈등의 문제를 효과적으로 예방교육 하는것과 마음챙김을 통한 조직몰입개선에 대한 효과와 방안 마련에 도움이 될 수 있을 것이며, 구체적 갈등 해결을 통한 기업 내 근무환경 개선과 근로자의 정서복지를 제공하는 정책과 연구와 관련된 구체적인 방안에 필요한 시사점을 도출하여 제시고자 한다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.257-267
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• 2008

The mentophysical disease causes diseases in digestive, respiratory, circulating systems, including chronic pain, through combined reactions from different individual characteristics, mental stress and temperamental factors. The most common symptom related to orofacial area is pain and the contributive factors include biological, behavioral, environmental, social, emotional, recognitive factors. These factors affect the course of the symptom according to individual's character and human nature. In pain, sleep acts as a contributive factor, and pain could bring about sleep disturbance and vice versa. Deterioration of sleep quality would act as a factor that aggravates mental stress. Therefore, relatively accurate and simple mental examinations and sleep quality test should be carried out for the patients with symptoms related to orofacial area. This study evaluated the mental state in relation to the sleep quality which could affect orofacial pain. The number of poor sleeper was 18 in male subjects, and 1 in female subjects and PSQI global index was higher in male($6.11{\pm}2.38$) than female($4.67{\pm}2.18$). SCL-90-R index showed no sex difference. Poor sleeper showed significantly high value in SOM, O-C, I-S, ANX, PHOB, PSY, GSI, PST. When SCL-90-R T scores were compared according to sleep quality, higher the subjective sleep quality score, O-C and I-S showed significant increase. As sleep disturbances score increased, PAR, PSY, PST showed statistically significant increase. In comparison of SCL-90-R T score according to daytime dysfunction, statistically significant increase in DEP, ANX, HOS, PHOB, PAR, GSI was observed. Therefore, the quality of sleep and psychological status have a high correlation. This is likely to influence chronic pain in the orofacial field. As a result, clinicians treating orofacial pain should evaluate the sleep quality and psychological status of the patient. Further studies of larger sample sizes including various age, occupation, and pain groups are necessary in order to apply the results to clinical practice.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.25
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• pp.49-73
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• 2006

The poetic theme is a unified principle of which a poet writes poems out in his work. Theme is a poet's central thought expressed in his works. And it was described on the basis of writer's view of the world and life. In this study, I divided the themes of modern Sijo into three kinds according to the materials for a poem. Especially I am interested not so much in the poems taking outer problems of human life for the subject of a poem as in poems dealing with fundamental problems of human life such as self-consciousness, death, God's presence. Firstly, in modern Sijo which deals with poet's self-reflection and self-consciousness as a poet, poets examine himself. And he intends to write poems more severely. The more poet reflects self-consciousness, the more earnestly he tries hard to write good poems. As a poet. he feels complication between real-self and ideal self, so he tries to conquer the shame made in the gab of them. And he takes writing poems into his divinely appointed work in life. A kind of meta-Sijo is written in this circumstances. Secondly, there are modern Sijo, which shows deep concerns in death problems of human life. Thanatopsis expressed in modern Sijo is connected with poet's personal experiences. In most cases, poet describes fragmentary thoughts, sorrows and agony after death of his intimate persons. In Sijo, however, poets don't dig Into the death problem deep enough because of the characteristics of genre. But it is very significant work to take various materials of death into poetic themes in Sijo in that it makes us to reflect of human attitude of life. Thirdly, the poetic themes of dealing with fundamental problems of human and God are expressed in Sijo based on Christian view of the world. In such a poems, poet complains to God who looks in illogical human situations as a spectator of vulgar realities of life. But ultimately. poet expresses deep affirmation and obedience of God in his poems. So he manifests Christianity by the poetic paradox. Such poems change over the theme of modern Sijo the superficial Problems of reality to the deep situation of life.

• Korea and Global Affairs
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.209-242
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to contribute to enhancing spiritual combat power as the core of intangible combat power in Korean armed forces through analyses and suggestions on Admiral Yi Sun-sin's leadership for four major sweeping victories based upon jointness which effectively integrates tangible and intangible combat power in armed forces to maximize the synergy of fighting power. As our armed forces has improved their military structure in the dimension of hardwares so as to enhance their efficiency, according to the results of analyzing the process to promote the jointness between our armed forces and our allied powers in the dimension of softwares supporting such hardware dimensions, it was necessary to innovate the system for reinforcing future-oriented spiritual combat power as well as all the tasks related to leadership as the core of intangible combat power jointly and harmoniously. In order to derive tasks about the leadership of Korean armed forces in the dimension of softwares which should be combined with military structural reform for strengthening spiritual combat power for national defense, this study selected research questions linked with jointness. That is, (1) what is the core of military leadership in Western advanced countries in the age of jointness? (2) What are the contemporary illuminations or implications of Korean leaderships through Admiral Yi Sun-sin's war history? Then, this study analyzed literature reviews, this author's field interviews in the time of war participation, and leadership war history focusing on Admiral Yi Sun-sin's leadership for four major sweeping victories. According to the results of these analyses, this study extracted (1) the strategic leadership to predict and prepare the future, (2) the leadership of integration to create synergy effects, and (3) the leadership of knowledge to be practiced focusing on combats. In addition, in order to reinforce spiritual combat power based upon jointness, (1) it is necessary to precede in-depth and substantial leadership diagnosis for enhancing jointness. (2) It is necessary to embody national defense reform as well as integration for jointness improvement after scientifically comparing and analyzing the differentiation and integration between the Ministry of National Defense, army-navy-air force leadership centers, and PKO centers. (3) It is necessary to promote the merger and abolition between institutions related to intangibale combat power under the Ministry of National Defense.