• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.165-168
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• 2008

With the development of the information technology in recent years, the innovation of multimedia information technology also has been accelerated. Many fields of the digital image processing technologies as image data compression, recognition. restoration, etc. are now being studied actively. When transmitting and saving digital images, noise would be made, and we are using the image filters to remove the noise. The Image Filter used Digital Image Process basically has a two-dimensional structure. There are two methods of the filter's creation - One is reiterating one dimension, and the other is using an indivisible two-dimension image filter. The space domain method using mask is the latter one. That is inserting the value-multiplied pixels values faced each other when the two-dimension filter overlapped on input image- to the filter value's center position and the same position in the image. The image filter is being used widely along with one-dimension filter, according each noise. Most people are using various median filters to remove the impulse noise. However, in this paper, I suggested a powerful switching median filter and compared with conventional method for verification.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.64-77
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• 2009

In landscape architecture, the pursuit of pluralism requires diverse expression based on cultural and philosophical differences. Landscape architects impart social purposes and spatial relationships to the contemporary generation by providing particular environments that reflect the culture of the day. Particularly, landscape architects reflect contemporary art in their design works and express the characteristics of the arts of the day in real spaces. Historically they have sought motives from all fields of art. The plastic concept in landscape design is based specifically on paintings that directly influence spatial composition. Minimalism in landscape architecture contributes to the formation of artistic characteristics that can be explained to improve artistry in landscapes as aesthetic objects, which were eliminated in the modernist era, and to realize contemporary art. By interpretively studying design works, therefore, this study reveals plastic concepts' influence on landscape design affected by minimalist art. The characteristics of plastic concepts in minimalist landscape design can be summarized as follows. First, the reduction of Minimalist Landscape is meant for viewers to immediately understand a work's identity and to easily perceive its intention by using design language implied by the pure geometric forms such as circles, triangles and squares. Second, the extension intends to seek internal order by connecting design elements mutually and externally to provide visual direction by adopting linear expression. Third, the flatness that defines meaningless space tends to overlay additional elements on a flattened site to induce the perception of a sequence of landscapes and to patternize pavement to improve its visual image. Finally, seriality has two characteristics: to make centrality in space and to compose by repeating formative elements and materials based on the pursuit of a site's totality, rather than an individual space's originality.

• Korean Architects
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• no.12 s.344
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• pp.50-50
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• 1997

이번 지역건축을 기획하면서, 여러 가지 상념에 잠기게 되었다. 건축에서 지역성이 어느 정도 내재되어 있는지 살펴보고자 하는 것이 혹시 더욱 부정적 결과를 확인하는 것이라면 이를 확인할 필요가 있을지, 또 어떤 긍정적 결과를 확인할 수 있을지, 게다가 여러 개발도상국의 상황과 아시아의 건축적 진행을 보면서, 어쩌면 우리는 더욱 난감한 상황을 보게 될지도 모른다. "건축을 발전시켜온 어떤 민족도 각기 독자적 언어, 복장, 민속이 있는 것처럼, 그들이 좋아하는 형태를 발전시켜왔다. 19세기에 문화의 국경이 붕괴될 때까지 온 세계의 건축에는 지역고유의 형태와 디테일이 있었다. 그리고 어떠한 지역특유의 건물도 사람들의 창조력과 그 지역의 필요성의 결합에 의하여 태어난 아름다운 산물이었다. 그러나 현대 이집트에는 이집트 고유의 토착양식을 찾아볼 수가 없다. 바로 이집트인의 서명이 없다. 그것이 부자들의 집이건 가난한 자의 집이건 무성격하기는 마찬가지이며 이집트인의 자취란 사라져 버렸다."(하산 화티,1973년) 선진국은 스스로 산업혁명을 일으켰고, 이런 사회적 문화적 변동에 적응하기 위하여 1세기 이상의 시간적 여유가 있었다는 것이다. 개발도상국의 급속한 변화에는 건물도 변화의 수단으로 이용되었다는 것이다. "민족적이며, 지역적인 전통이야말로, 새로운 지역주의의 기초로서 보존하고 사용되어야 된다는 '섬세한' 서양의 관찰자들의 탄원은 이같은 상황에서는 전연 고려되지 않았다."고 커티스는 보았다. 섬세한 서양인이 아니라 자국민 스스로 자신의 문명에 대하여 파괴적인 입장에 서 있다면 더욱 난감한 일이다. 지역주의의 의미는 무엇일까? 건축에서 '지역'의 범주는 어디인가? 인종적 분포 또는 민족적 무리를 이름지은 것인가? 아니면 인종과 민족의 공통점인가? 그것도 아니라면 정치적 경계선으로 둘러싸인 경계를 말하는 것인가? 모든 지역이 다 지역주의로 대별될 수 있는가? 어느 곳이 건축에서의 중심지역이며, 또 지역주의는 누가 판별하는가? 프램튼은 문화적인 중심지와 종속적 관계를 지니는 지역주의를 잘못된 구조로 보았다. 근래 10년간 세계적으로 다양한 지역주의가 대두했다. 지역의 개념적, 제도적, 법적인 상태가 어떠한가가 중요한 요인이 된다. 19세기 동안에 유럽사람들이 그들의 정치적 독립을 위한 목적에 활용하기 위하여 부분적으로 거짓된 역사관을 피력했을 때, 유럽지역에서의 지역주의 개념들은 아이리쉬, 까딸로니아, 핀랜드 등을 평가하는 역할이 있었다고 한다. 지역주의를 "감상적인 민족적 편견에서 비롯된 광신적 배타주의"라고 낮추어 바라보는 그로피우스의 시각에 대해, 당당히 맞설 수 있어야 할 것이다. 리꾀르의 말대로 미래에 어떠한 유형의 참된 문화를 유지하는 것은 궁극적으로는 문화나 문명의 단계에서 외래의 영향을 적절하게 하면서 지역문화의 활기찬 형태를 발생시키는 우리 능력에 달려있다. '지역적' 범위는 서구에서 합중국으로 존재하는 경우, 대부분 이질적 문화들의 혼합지역이기 때문이다. 한국과 같이 비교적 단일한 성분의 종족으로 한 국가가 유지된 경우와 미국과 같이 다양한 종족이 모인 경우 등과 비교하면 '지역'이란 이름에 어떤 판단기준이 있어야 할까? 근래 지역적 변동이 적었던 한국의 경우는 상대적으로 재론할 여지가 적다. 그러나 한국의 역사시대 내에서도 확인되지 않은 부분들이 존재하고, 역사시대의 범위를 넘어서 선사시대로 확대하면 '지역'의 개념의 외연적 대상은 더욱 모호해진다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.19-21
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• 2005

현대의 산업화 사회에서는 자동인식을 통해서 사람과 사물을 식별하고자 하는 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 그 대표적인 예로 바코드를 이용한 접촉식 판별기술이 있고, 라디오 주파수를 이용한 RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) 기술을 들 수 있다. RFID의 경우는 무선 주파수를 이용하기 때문에 대량의 사물을 동시에 인식 할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 하지만. 어떠한 상황에서 리더의 요청에 응답을 하는 리더-태그 시스템이기 때문에 사용자의 프라이버시 침해 문제를 야기 할 수 있다. 사용자의 프라이버시 침해문제를 막기 위해서 많은 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 그 중에서, Miyako Ohkubo의 Hash체인을 이용한 프라이버시 보호 기법은 정보유출, 위치추적공격(Location Tracking Attack), 전방위보안성(Forward Security)과 같은 프라이버시 침해문제들로부터 사용자의 프라이버시를 보호 할 수 있는 프로토콜이다. 그러나 Hash함수를 태그에 구현하는 것은 현재까지는 불가능한 상황이다. 또, Martin Feldhofer의 AES(Advanced Encryption Standard)를 사용한 프로토콜은 실제로 태그에 구현 가능하면서 내부구조가 8bit인 AES를 사용함으로써 암호학적인 강도를 높였으나, 프라이버시 침해 문제에서 단점을 드러냈다. 이러한 단점을 보완한 AES기반에서의 개선된 RFID 프라이버시 보호 프로토콜은 실제적으로 태그에 구현 가능한 AES를 이용한 암호화 체인을 통해서 프라이버시 보호에 우수하면서 실제 사용이 가능한 프로토콜을 제안하였다[1]. 그러나, 이 프로토콜은 생성되는 키 값들이 물리적 공격을 통해서 노출이 되었을 때, 이전의 seed값과 키 값들이 노출 되는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제들을 해결하고자 프라이버시보호에 새로운 키 생성 방법을 통한 강력한 프로토콜을 제안 한다.하였으나 사료효율은 증진시켰으며, 후자(사양, 사료)와의 상호작용은 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과는 거세비육돈에서 1) androgen과 estrogen은 공히 자발적인 사료섭취와 등지방 침적을 억제하고 IGF-I 분비를 증가시키며, 2) 성선스테로이드호르몬의 이 같은 성장에 미치는 효과의 일부는 IGF-I을 통해 매개될 수도 있을을 시사한다. 약 $70 {\~} 90\%$의 phenoxyethanol이 유상에 존재하였다. 또한, 미생물에 대한 항균력도 phenoxyethanol이 수상에 많이 존재할수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 따라서, 제형 내 oil tomposition을 변화시킴으로써 phenoxyethanol의 사용량을 줄일 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 피부 투과를 감소시켜 보다 피부 자극이 적은 저자극 방부시스템 개발이 가능하리라 보여 진다. 첨가하여 제조한 curd yoghurt는 저장성과 관능적인 면에서 우수한 상품적 가치가 인정되는 새로운 기능성 신제품의 개발에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다. 여자의 경우 0.8이상이 되어서 심혈관계 질환의 위험 범위에 속하는 수준이었다. 삼두근의 두겹 두께는 남녀 각각 $20.2\pm8.58cm,\;22.2\pm4.40mm$으로 남녀간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 조사대상자의 식습관 상태는 전체 대상자의 $84.4\%$가 대부분이 하루 세끼 식사를 규칙적으로 하고 있었으며 식사속도는 허겁지겁 빨리 섭취하는 경우가 남자는 $31.0\%$, 여자는 $21.4\%$로 나타났고 이들을 제외한 나머지 사람들은 보통 속도 혹은 충분한 시간을 가지고 식사를 하였다. 평소 식사량은 조금 적게 혹은 적당하게 섭취하는 사람이 대부분이었으며 남자가 여자보다는 배부르게 먹는 경 향이 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 식사는 혼자 하는 경우가 남자

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 2020

The slender shinner (Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa), a tiny freshwater fish of about 8 to 10 cm belonging to Cyprinidae, is an endangered species found only in the Han and Imjin Rivers on the Korean Peninsula. During the breeding season, this species spawns in nests of Coreoperca herzi, a predator of this species, or small crevices on rocks. This unique reproductive ecology can make this species more vulnerable to anthropogenic perturbance that can further limit the places to spawn. Here, mtDNA and microsatellite loci were analyzed to identify the genetic diversity and structure of slender shinners and further to provide the basic data necessary for the conservation planning of this species. A total of 28 polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed using Illumina paired-end sequencing, and 67 slender shinners collected from three localities in the Han River were genotyped using these loci. This species showed a remarkably high level of genetic diversity with mean expected heterozygosity of 0.914 and mean allele number per locus of 27.9, and no signature of drastic demographic decline was detected. As a result of our microsatellite analysis, the genetic structure between the two stems of the Han River, North Han and South Han, was prominent. Such a genetic structure was also evident in the sequence analysis of 14 haplotypes obtained from mtDNA control region. Although slender shinners are only found in very limited areas around the world, the genetic structure indicates that there is a block of gene flow among the populations, which should be reviewed in the future if management and restoration of this species is needed.

• Trans-
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• v.5
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• pp.83-111
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• 2018

This study aims to analyze early works of contemporary Europe female choreographer Anne Teresa de Keersmaeker, which are Rosas danst Rosas, Elena's Aria in terms of feminism. Started from 18C, feminism movements have changed the perception and conception of women. Since then, women in the work of art have been portrayed to be more powerful and independent than weakened images. The influence of feminism in this era made transition to let female artists act more outstandingly nowadays. Therefore, the study began with the need to reflect the image and role of female dancers in the artistic work with the viewpoints of feminism in the flows of social and cultural background. Works of Rosas danst Rosas represents the aspects of radical feminism. Physical suppression of female dancer reflects liberation of free will. Post-modern feminism is displayed at Rosas danst Rosas which escaped from original portrait of women and exposed new active contemporary image of woman. The Elena's Aria, Radial feminism is represented physical suppression of female dancer reflects liberation of free will. Through analysis of Anne Teresa's works with feminine sight, her works were mainly influenced by feminism occurred after 1980's. Having found other possibilities to explore her choreographic philosophy, insufficiency of domestic data about Anne Teresa was once again reckoned. The researcher hopes that by studying Anne Teresa from the feminist point of view, the various images produced by dancers will not disappear right away, rather creating a sense of unity and development without losing the meaning.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2015

This study analyses the relationship with the feature of the web usability and Social commerce. Therefore, this research tries to investigate the relationship about in which the characteristic of the web-site usability is connected through the confidence about the Social commerce site to the re-purchase. The existing research that the information system and Electronic commerce relates is considered and the usability factor about the Social commerce site tries to be drawn and these try to verify on the relationship with the trust building of the user about the Social commerce site and purchasing intention through the positive research. The result is follows. First, the visual property of the Social commerce site was confirmed to have the descriptive ability noted to the confidence. Second, it was confirmed to have the descriptive ability that information characteristic about the Social commerce site notes to the confidence. Third, it was confirmed to have the descriptive ability that relative characteristic about the Social commerce site notes to the confidence. The importance of the web-site usuability has preferentially to be considered in being put through this research and building the confidence of the social commerce user could be known. When running with the social commerce site design, this is determined because it can become the useful standard.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.129-134
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• 2017

In the present society, our current technology associated with bakery industry has been improved as much as technical development can get abreast of the Western one where the bread has originated and has been awarded and ranked in the highest level of many bakery or pastry competitions. In these trends, many people are running for high value added business such as bakery industry and bakery $caf{\acute{e}}$, etc. with big interest. However, high labor cost of technician and difficulties in human resource management become obstruction factors in the growth of the bakery industries. Therefore, in this paper, the designed system for both dividing and rounding dough quickly and exactly at the same time was studied. The main function of this system is to divide the original dough into 3 tracks and then, to place 4 doughs in the inner track, 12 doughs in the mid track, 20 doughs in the outer track, totally 36 doughs in a routine. It takes much energy because 36 doughs can be completed in a routine. Therefore, this system uses hydraulic pressure and a 0.75Kw induction motor is used for dough rounding. This system can make primarily fermented dough into 36 divided doughs very quickly and exactly on a guide panel at the desired weight by dividing it within 1-9 seconds and by rounding each within 1-9 seconds. This system is very effective in bakery industry to minimize labor cost and it is expected to supply more hygienic products to the customers.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.417-423
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to find out how to apply CAM to college students by studying the perceptions and application factors of CAM, the actual condition of application, satisfaction according to sex, and usefulness. The subjects of this study are narrative research on H university students in Chungnam. The results of this study showed that 150(50.3%) respondents recognized CAM as an auxiliary means of modern medicine, 61(20.3%) mental and psychological stability (33.7%), and the satisfaction rate of CAM according to gender was higher in women than in men. The usefulness of CAM was 2.60, and the improvement and characteristics were 2.32 and 2.80, respectively. As a result of this study, it is necessary for university students who are the foundation of society to correctly recognize and promote CAM to prevent disease and maintain health. In addition, the analysis of the recognition and application factors of CAM, and the satisfaction according to gender, could provide information for program development of CAM in the future.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.58-64
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• 2017

Modern society is characterized by rapid increase in world population, aging of the rural population, decrease of cultivation area due to industrialization. The food problem is becoming an important issue with the farmers and becomes rural. Recently, the researches about the field of the smart farm are actively carried out to increase the profit of the rural area. The existing smart farm researches mainly monitor the cultivation environment of the crops in the greenhouse, another way like in the case of poor quality t is being studied that the system to control cultivation environmental factors is automatically activated to keep the cultivation environment of crops in optimum conditions. The researches focus on the crops cultivated indoors, and there are not many studies applied to the cultivation environment of crops grown outside. In this paper, we propose a method to improve the harvestability of poor areas by monitoring the areas with bad harvests by using big data analysis, by precisely predicting the harvest timing of fruit trees growing in orchards. Factors besides for harvesting include fruit color information and fruit weight information We suggest that a harvest correlation factor data collected in real time. It is analyzed using the Apache Spark engine. The Apache Spark engine has excellent performance in real-time data analysis as well as high capacity batch data analysis. User device receiving service supports PC user and smartphone users. A sensing data receiving device purpose Arduino, because it requires only simple processing to receive a sensed data and transmit it to the server. It regulates a harvest time of fruit which produces a good quality fruit, it is needful to determine a poor harvest area or concentrate a bad area. In this paper, we also present an architectural model to determine the bad areas of fruit harvest using strong data analysis.