An Analysis of Decision Making Process in Voluntary Reducing Private Car Use (자발적 자가용 이용 저감의 의사결정과정 분석 연구)
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- KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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- v.33 no.2
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- pp.679-689
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- 2013
To relieve Green-house Gas Emission is the key issue in urban area. Urban transport policies have focused on the reduction of private car use. The most common of these is Travel Demand Management(e.g., congestion charge, environmental tax, etc.) that forces individuals to reduce their private car use. An alternative way is Mobility Management(MM) that induces individuals to voluntarily change their car use through communications. MM is founded on social psychology theory and focuses on individuals' decision making processes to change their perception and attitude on private car use. Although some researchers have reported the relevance of MM approach, still few researches have explicitly studied on individuals' decision making processes. Therefore, the aims of the paper are to analyze the decision making process of individuals and to provide the basis of introducing MM approach in Korea. Structural equation model(SEM) is applied for the analysis of individuals' decision making process. A empirical study shows that psychological factors such as perception/attitude on global environment or individual norms impact significantly to reduce private car use and accordingly the relevance of introducing MM approach instead of imposing regulations or expanding transport facilities.
Overview of Research: Product availability is one of important competences of store to fulfill consumer needs. If stock-outs which means a product what consumer wants to buy is not available occurs, consumer will face decision-making uncertainty that leads to consumer's negative responses such as consumer dissatisfaction on store. Stockouts was much studied in the field of academia as well as practice in other countries. However, stock-outs has not been researched at all in Marketing and/or Distribution area in Korea. The main objectives of this study are to find out determinants of consumer responses such as Substitute, Delay, and Leave(SDL) when consumer encounters out-of-stock situation and then to examine the effects of these factors on consumer responses. Specifically, this study focuses on situational characteristics(e.g., purchase urgency and surprise), store characteristics (e.g., product assortment and store convenience), and consumer characteristics (e.g., brand loyalty and store loyalty). Then, this study empirically investigates relationships these factors with consumers behaviors such as product substitution, purchase delay, and store switching.
수면은 우리 삶의 많은 부분을 차지하는 중요한 삶의 영역이다. 그러나 여러 가지 원인으로 인하여 많은 현대인들이 수면의 즐거움을 제대로 누리지 못하고 있다. 미국의 경우 수면 장애에 의한 졸리움증으로 생기는 사회적ㆍ개인적 손실의 규모를 연간 약 150억 달러로 추정하고 있을 정도다. 우리나라 성인 중에 수면 장애의 하나인 불면증을 경험한 사람의 비율은 73.4%나 될 정도로 광범위하게 나타나고 있지만 정작 그 해결책을 찾지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 수면장애에는 크게 불면증을 보이는 수면 장애, 낮에 과도한 졸리움을 일으키는 수면 장애, 자다가 이상한 행동을 보이는 수면 장애로 구분되어지는데 우리가 일상에서 인식하는 수면 장애는 불면증 정도로 그치는 것이 일반적이다. 더욱이 이러한 수면 장애를 해결하는 방법의 이해 부족으로 수면제나 담배, 술 등에 의존하기 쉽고 단순히 잠을 자야 한다는 강박관념에 시달려 오히려 증상을 악화시키는 경우가 많다. 그러나 수면 장애를 올바르게 이해하고 있다면 그 해결 방안은 의외로 간단하다. 우리의 몸속에 있는 생체 시계의 주기를 규칙적으로 맞추어 가는 것이 중요하다.
또한 수면은 신체적인 요소보다는 정신적인 요소가 많이 작용하기 때문에 무엇보다도 편안한 마음가짐과 무의식적인 수면 유도가 필요하다.
('이달의 건강길라잡이'에 관한 자세한 내용은 건강길라잡이 홈페이지(http://healthguide.hihasa.re.kr)에 있습니다.)
운전자지원시스템과 같은 자동화 시스템은 필연적으로 시스템에 대한 운영자의 신뢰와 적응을 초래하는 데, 이는 결국 동시에 긍정적인 효과와 부정적인 효과를 가져온다. 적응순항제어시스템은 대표적인 운전자지원시스템으로서 앞 차량과의 안전 거리와 속도를 자동적으로 제어하여 운전자의 편의성과 안전성을 향상시킨다. 본 연구에서는 적응순항제어시스템에 대한 운전자의 신뢰와 방심 효과를 조사하였다. 차량 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 왕복 2차선과 4차선이 혼합된 자동차 전용도로의 가상 주행 환경을 구축하고, 다양한 주행 상황하에서 운전자의 조종 능력과 대처 능력을 파악하였다. 연구 결과, 적응순항제어시스템에 대한 운전자의 신뢰와 적응은 운전자의 성향에 관계없이 일관된 차간 거리 시간, 가감속값 등을 설정하도록 유도하였고, 결과적으로 안전도와 편의성을 향상시킴을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 맹목적인 신뢰와 적응은 돌발 상황에 대한 대처 능력의 저하, 주의 산만, 방심 등을 초래하였고, 결과적으로 안전도를 저하시킴도 확인할 수 있었다. 운전자지원시스템의 이러한 부정적인 효과를 방지하고, 보다 견실하게 운전자의 편의성과 안전도를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안이 요구된다.
Although the site evaluation factors that affect the navigation pattern are well documented, the attempt to explore the difference in the relationship between navigation pattern and site evaluation factors by post hoc segmentation approach has been relatively rare. For this purpose, this study constructs the structure equation model using web-evaluation data and log file of a community site with 300,000 members. And then it applies the structure equation model to each segment. Each segment is identified by mixture model. Mixture model is to unmix the sample, to identify the segments, and to estimate the parameters of the density function underlying the observed data within each segment. The study examines the opportunity to increase GFI, using mixture model which supposes heterogeneous groups in the users, not through specification search by modification index from structure equation model. This study finds out that AGFI increases from 0.819 at total sample to 0.927, 0.930, 0.928, 0.929 for each 4 segments in the case of the community site. The results confirm that segment level approach is more effective than model modification when model is robust in terms of theoretical background. Furthermore, we can identify a heterogeneous navigation pattern and site evaluation variation in the community website at segment level.
Cnidii Rhizoma (CR) was subjected to extraction with 70% methanol and tested to determine whether it has anxiolytic activity in mouse by employing staircase and rotarod tests. In addition, to understand the mechanism of anxiolytic action, CR, picrotoxin, yohimbine, isoniazid and strychnine were utilized to deliniate the potential involvement of GABA and glycine receptors in the action of Cnidii Rhizoma. To gain insights into the safety of Cnidii Rhizoma extract, behavioral and MTT tests were carried out. The results were obtained as follows: 1. CR extract had little effect on climbing numbers in the stair case test. 2. CR extract had considerable anti-anxiety effects as evidenced by the reduction of rearing numbers in the stair case test. 3. CR extract had little effect on muscle relaxation. 4. Anxiolytic actions of CR extract appeared to be mediated by glycine receptor activation. 5. Cytotoxicity in the neuronal cell was not observed and no strange behaviors were found. In short, these results indicate that CR extract has the ability to exert anxiolytic activity, possibly by activating glycine receptor with little side effects in mouse.
The purpose of this study is to investigate what influence the external variables of the RFID system for eco-friendly agricultural products such as reliability, safety, effectiveness and innovation have on ease and usefulness, perceived value and behavioral intention. An empirical analysis were conducted to the general consumers over the age of 20 years who live in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas having experience of buying eco-friendly agricultural products in department stores, supermarkets and eco-friendly agricultural product specialty stores from November 10 to November 23, 2012, A total of 350 copies of questionnaire were distributed for this research and, excluding partial ones that were too concentrated on one side or found missing values, a total of 305 copies(87.1%) were used as the final statistical analysis data. The result shows that such external variables of the RFID system for eco-friendly agricultural products as liability, safety, effectiveness and innovation are useful enough as a theoretical basis for later study on RFID systems for eco-friendly agricultural products. Also, it reveals that, since all the process from production to sale of agricultural products can be seen, the products are provided safely for consumers, are objectively and rapidly investigated when problems occur, induce a positive attitude with their historical information, and are supplied through systematic management such as consumers' rights to know and choose and recall of unfit products.
The purpose of this study was to analyze how father's play beliefs affect play flow and peer play behavior of young children, particularly as mediated by the father's play participation. For this purpose, 4 to 5-year-old children attending child care centers or kindergartens and their fathers were selected to participate in this study. Data on father's play beliefs and play participation were collected from the fathers, and data on the young children's play flow and peer play behavior from their teachers. Based on the collected data, the significance of the mediation model using Hayes's (2013) PROCESS macro was tested. According to the results of these analyses, the significant relationships between father's play beliefs and young children's play flow, reciprocal action of play and interruption of peer play were found mediated by father's play participation. This finding implies that father's play beliefs and his play participation may affect directly and indirectly the children's play flow and peer play behavior, underscoring the importance of father's play beliefs. In addition, the study's indicate that it is desirable to positively reinforce father's play beliefs by influencing father's play participation, in light of the likely positive influence of father's play beliefs over young children's social and emotional development.
The court-mandated spouse abusers with drinking problems not only resist and complain about taking the court-mandate but also have the low motivation to change their problem drinking and violent behaviors. Therefore, in this study the program is developed to decrease violent behaviors of spouse abusers with drinking problems. Also, the usefulness of this program is examined by quantitative and qualitative methods. The results are as follows: The experimental group's pre-to-post variation is decreased by significant level statistically more than the comparison group's variation in drinking problems. Regarding violent behaviors among groups, the experimental group's pre-to-post and pre-to-followup variation are decreased significantly. It is assumed that Motivation Enhancement Therapy(MET) influences the differences of motivation to change violent behaviors in both groups. The reason is that MET is considered to have influences on the group's dynamics and interaction. Also, it is helpful to change the negative emotions to the positive emotions and to stimulate the group interaction and the participation. This study will be contributed to promote the speciality on providing services for family in a domestic violence in Korea. Through this study, I suggested future implications in research, practice, and political side on spouse abusers with drinking problems.
There have been increased interests in information visualization. Information visualization has been considered as a way to summarize textual data so that the users can access large amount of data more efficiently and effectively. However, many information visualization techniques stem from scientific visualization techniques, which might be difficult for the regular users to understand. More importantly, the system models used by most of the information visualization techniques do not have real world counterpart. For example, most of the users do not represent or process the textual data in terms of fisheye view or a topological map. This means that there is no affordance on the current information visualization systems from the users point of view. In this paper, we analyzed this problem by using the user interface design principles to point out what lacks in the current information visualization systems. More specifically, we have applied Nielson's Heuristic Evaluation technique to review four representative information visualization techniques. The analysis results confirmed our original hypothesis on why the current information visualization systems are not part of the mainstream information systems. Finally, we suggested to invest more efforts in improving the currently prevalent and familiar bullet list type textual information presentation method based on the usability studies and the intelligent content analysis.
shows the research model of this study. To accomplish above-mentioned research objectives, the following ten hypotheses were proposed and verified : is the estimation results of l\1NL model, and
shows the marginal effects for each determinant to consumer's responses(SDL). Significant statistical results were as follows. Purchase urgency, purchase quantities, pre-purchase plan, product assortment, store price image, brand loyalty, and store loyalty were turned out to be significant determinants to influence consumer alternative behaviors in case of out-of-stock situation. Specifically, first, product substitution behavior was triggered by purchase urgency, surprise, purchase quantities, pre-purchase plan, product assortment, store price image, brand loyalty, and store loyalty. Second, purchase delay behavior was led by purchase urgency, purchase quantities, and brand loyalty. Third, store switching behavior was influenced by purchase urgency, purchase quantities, pre-purchase plan, product assortment, store price image, brand loyalty, and store loyalty. Finally, when out-of-stock situation occurs, store convenience and salesperson service did not have significant effects on consumer alternative responses.
우리 나라 성인 중 73.4%가 불면증 경험
Drivers' Trust and Distraction toward Driver Assistance Systems
(운전자지원시스템에 대한 운전자의 신뢰와 방심)
Exploring Navigation Pattern and Site Evaluation Variation in a Community Website by Mixture Model at Segment Level
(커뮤니티 사이트 특성과 navigation pattern 연관성의 세분시장별 이질성분석 - 믹스처모델의 구조방정식 적용을 중심으로 -)
EFFECT OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF CNIDII RHIZOMA ON THE FUNCTION OF RECEPTORS FOR GABA AND GLYCINE
(천궁(Cnidii Rhizoma)의 메탄올 추출물이 GABA 및 Glycine 수용체에 미치는 영향)
Effects of the External Variables of the RFID System for Eco-friendly Agricultural Products on Perceived Value and Behavioral Intention : Applying an Expanded TAM
(친환경농산물 RFID 시스템의 외부변수들이 지각된 가치 및 행동의도에 미치는 영향 : 확장된 TAM 모델을 적용하여)
The Effects of Father's Play Beliefs on Play Flow and Peer Play Behavior of Young Children, with Particular Focus on the Mediating Effects of Father's Play Participation
(아버지의 놀이신념이 유아의 놀이몰입, 또래놀이행동에 미치는 영향:아버지의 놀이참여의 매개효과를 중심으로)
Development and Effects on a Program for Decreasing Violent Behaviors of the Spouse Abusers with Drinking Problems - Applying Motivational Enhancement Therapy -
(음주문제를 가진 가정폭력가해자 폭력행동감소 프로그램의 개발과 효과 - 동기증진치료의 활용을 중심으로 -)
An Analysis of Information Visualization Problems using User Interface Design Principles
(이용자 인터페이스 설계 원칙에 의한 정보시각화 시스템 평가 및 문제점 분석)
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