• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.189-207
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the network characteristics of ports and their performance that is represented by port competitiveness for the port operators. The study employs Social Network Analysis (SNA) to evaluate network characteristics comprising four centrality indices. For this research, data from Containerization International Yearbooks for 2006-2011 is used to analyze the service networks of 20 major liner shipping companies. In SNA, nodes (vertices) in the network are the ports and links (edges) in the network are connections realized by vessel movements, such that the liner shipping network determines the port network. In addition, panel regression analysis has been employed to investigate the relationship between port network characteristics and their performance. The results suggest that the four centrality indices identify the roles of the world's major ports from 2006 to 2011 and that port performance is determined not only by macroeconomic variables and service capabilities but also by the eigenvector centrality of ports in networks.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.5_4
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• pp.1173-1183
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• 2023

Over the past 20 years, Korea's overall import and export cargo volume has increased at an average annual rate of approximately 5.3%. About 99% of the cargo is still being transported by sea. Due to recent increases in maritime cargo volume, congestion in maritime logistics has become challenging due to factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic and conflicts. Continuous monitoring of ports has become crucial. Various ground observation systems and Automatic Identification System (AIS) data have been utilized for monitoring ports and conducting numerous preliminary studies for the efficient operation of container terminals and cargo volume prediction. However, small and developing countries' ports face difficulties in monitoring due to environmental issues and aging infrastructure compared to large ports. Recently, with the increasing utility of artificial satellites, preliminary studies have been conducted using satellite imagery for continuous maritime cargo data collection and establishing ocean monitoring systems in vast and hard-to-reach areas. This study aims to visually detect ships docked at berths in the Busan New Port using high-resolution satellite imagery and quantitatively evaluate berth utilization rates. By utilizing high-resolution satellite imagery from Compact Advanced Satellite 500-1 (CAS500-1), Korea Multi-Purpose satellite-3 (KOMPSAT-3), PlanetScope, and Sentinel-2A, ships docked within the port berths were visually detected. The berth utilization rate was calculated using the total number of ships that could be docked at the berths. The results showed variations in berth utilization rates on June 2, 2022, with values of 0.67, 0.7, and 0.59, indicating fluctuations based on the time of satellite image capture. On June 3, 2022, the value remained at 0.7, signifying a consistent berth utilization rate despite changes in ship types. A higher berth utilization rate indicates active operations at the berth. This information can assist in basic planning for new ship operation schedules, as congested berths can lead to longer waiting times for ships in anchorages, potentially resulting in increased freight rates. The duration of operations at berths can vary from several hours to several days. The results of calculating changes in ships at berths based on differences in satellite image capture times, even with a time difference of 4 minutes and 49 seconds, demonstrated variations in ship presence. With short observation intervals and the utilization of high-resolution satellite imagery, continuous monitoring within ports can be achieved. Additionally, utilizing satellite imagery to monitor changes in ships at berths in minute increments could prove useful for small and developing country ports where harbor management is not well-established, offering valuable insights and solutions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.432-434
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• 2022

자율운항선박 수용에 따른 화물 컨테이너 도착 및 항만에서의 화물 상태에 대한 데이터 흐름을 제공하여 화물 양·적하 및 선박 입출항 지원 서비스 개발을 통해 자율운항선박과 터미널 간의 화물 양·적하 작업과 입출항 작업에 대한 지원 시스템을 제공함으로서 화물의 물동량과 양·적하 효율 및 선석 운영효율을 최대화하고, 이에 더불어 자율운항선박의 선적정보 교환을 통한 양·적하 작업의 오류가능성과 자동화된 양·적하 지원을 통한 선박의 정박비용을 최소화하여 글로벌 공급 체인의 복잡성을 최소화하고 항만물류비용을 감소시키는데 기여하고자 한다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.905-910
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• 2012

In early 1990s, the Sea & Air Transport Cargoes (SATC) was increased annually with more than 50% rate due to the rising trade between Korea and China. However, after that, the increasing rate of the SATC was slowdown from the late 1990s, furthermore, recently it became sluggish and declined. This phenomenon is totally different compared to the skyrocketing trade volumes between two countries. In this respect, to forecast the SATC, draw out the factors for activation, and calculate the weight of priority of these factors are urgently needed. To achieve the research objectives, the ARIMA and Fuzzy-AHP were used as research methodology. The estimated volume of SATC using the data from year 2007 to 2012 on the ARIMA model, will be reached approximately 33,000 tons in year 2015. In the mean time, For drawing out and weighing the activation factors for SATC, the Fuzzy-AHP was adopted. As a result, 'Sea & Air transportation-related information system policies' is the most important factor among the principle criteria, and 'the construction of consolidation logistics center' is the most important factor among the 12 sub-principle criteria.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.139-154
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• 2017

As competition in domestic and overseas ports intensify, new and small domestic ports are realizing certain limitations to independently secure competitiveness. This study collected data over 60 months with five modifications for container and general cargo volume around Gyeongin Port. Short-period (12 months) cargo volume was forecasted, which revealed the need for a middle-to-long-term development plan. First, the hinterland logistics complex of Gyeongin Port is expected to contribute to the coastal maritime facility through the quasi-public system for fishery product transportation and passenger services. It proposes to achieve this by opening channels to and from China for precision machinery, home network systems, LEDs, and machine industry items. second, specializing the ultra-light cargo transport route, and connecting the coastal island areas of the 5 West Sea Islands to Ara Waterway (Integrated Fishery Product Center of the 5 West Sea Islands). Third, on the basis of organic cooperation of government? local government ? port, the incentive and pre-circular support system would be required, and lastly, it shall carry out the adjustment of functions in nearby ports and specialization strategy simultaneously through the integrated operation of the ports in the capital areas.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

Rapid growth rate of container traffic in China has caused the fierce competition to attract Trans-shipment Container Cargos from/to China among competitive ports in Asia. Therefore, this paper aims to suggest some strategies to attract them from/to China by Korea ports. To do so, it evaluates the preference of important ports in the competitive situation and the competitiveness of important ports in Asia, and finally proposes the relative order of important factors. Based on the evaluation of it, Both the Pusan and the Kwangyang ports have to strengthen port facility to attract move traffic and in detail, reinforce the number of berth, yard areas and handling equipment. they also have to provide high qualify of services to deliver cargos in time. not being damaged and swiftly response to shipowner and shipper's claim.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.109-122
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• 2016

As increasing of container throughputs, port business market in Korea has been developed. However, due to the introducing of a handling fee reporting system in 1999 and surplus of facilities, port business market in Korea turned into deadly competition with lowering the handling fee. Due to the reasons, the handling fee in 2015 declined as much as 50% of in 2000. Therefore, this study analyzed whether the handling fee decline caused consumer surplus in the port business market of Korea or not. To do that, this study applied a methodology of Alexander for estimating the consumer surplus and Hausman's model using Hicksian demand. As the result of the analyzing, due to the excessive decreasing of the handling fee compared the import & export demand, consumer surplus of the port business market in Korea was decreased. However, due to the exception of transshipment from demand in this study, transshipment demand is needed to be considered to estimate of economic value of port business market in Korea in the future. Also, economic value of port business including subsidiary businesses will be estimated in order to strengthen the method for estimating economic benefit of port construction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.11-13
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• 2009

As the quantity of goods transported, port industry and inland transport industry have developing still, but almost 80% of inland transport industry consists of ground transport. According to issue "global warming", many regulations and agreements with countries in the world are becoming necessary and it is being fulfilled now. It is sure that Korea will have duty to reduce CO2 emission from 2013. And inland transport have to cut CO2 emission down. Therefore, this paper will address that calculate CO2 emission under route of transportation container at Korea by using O/D analysis. And then, it will predict routes of transportation containers which can reduce CO2 emission.

• Proceedings of the Korea Port Economic Association Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.29-47
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• 2003

본 연구의 목적은 지난 20년 간 세계 컨테이너항만들을 대상으로 항만집중도 및 항만규모와 성장간 상관관계를 분석해 봄으로써 현재 우리나라가 추진하고 있는 중심항만 개발전략에 대한 시사점을 제시하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 아시아 21개 항만의 허쉬만-허핀달지수를 구하였으며, 세계 50대 컨테이너 항만뿐만 아니라 유럽, 북미 그리고 아시아지역 컨테이너항만들을 대상으로 항만규모와 성장간 실증분석을 시도하였다. 그 결과 아시아 컨테이너항만의 물동량 집중도는 90년대 중반 이후 둔화되고 있으며 동북아지역 항만집중도가 다른 지역에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 항만규모와 성장간 관계에 있어서도 세계 및 유럽 항만들은 대형항만일수록 성장률이 높았던 것으로 나타난 반면, 아시아지역 컨테이너 항만들은 소형항만들의 성장률이 더 높았던 것으로 분석되었다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.10A no.5
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• pp.513-518
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• 2003

The quantity of container transportation of the world habors is constantly increasing by 8.8 per year until 2011. Present port facilities will not satisfy it. So facility expansion is necessary. Because the processing cost in the harbor becomes to 30% of total transportation expense, major pors inthe world are making an effort in the automation facilities to solve the problems of higher labor costs and indufficient labor and to maximize the efficiency of the work and use of the land. Especially, the automation of the gate, which is the place of cargo's appearance and disappearance, the node which creates the information, is now rising as the important issue. In this study suggest more efficient design for port gate automation. First, calculate scale of gate complex, and compare of 1 step gate and 2 step, and optimal design for automated operation method of gate process.