• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.459-468
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• 2016

The decreasing number of import and export containers is causing a problem with container circulation. In particular, this problem has reached a serious level in the Gyeongin area. Empty containers are accumulating in the Gyeongin container yard, where most of the returned containers are stored. In order to improve the empty container return problem at Gyeonhin, this study analyzes the actual situation and the empty container return process. A preference survey was conducted to suggest solutions from the perspective of users rather than shippers. A logistics company's data was analyzed to identify the inefficient cost structure in the Gyeongin area. The results show that the empty container return problem in Gyeongin is becoming more and more serious. To solve this problem, this paper proposes reestablishing functions at the Incheon Port, and securing a third new storage terminal in the Gyeongin area. Finally, an efficient empty container circulation system is presented. It will also be necessary to prepare laws and institutions to ensure these solutions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.640-647
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• 2018

Many harbor structures have been constructed, and some structures are now under construction in Korea, which is a peninsular state and a logistics hub in Northeast Asia. Expansions and extensions of existing harbors are also being planned to meet increasing natural disaster threats. Wave-dissipation concrete blocks are recycled or discarded based on the personal experience of engineers only, and there are no safety checks or criteria. To check the safety of used blocks, material evaluations were done by visual inspection of blocks on the ground and under water and from 20 non-destructive measurements of the rebound hardness test and 3 concrete core samples. Wave-dissipation blocks are sometimes fully or partially damaged in the process of transferring and mounting them or during construction. Therefore, a safety check is essential for recycling blocks with an evaluation of materials while considering the construction phases. To do this, a block was modeled with a 3D finite element method using ADINA, and impact analyses were done according to the transfer, mounting, and construction phases. From the results of the impact analyses and material evaluation, the safety checks and reasonable evaluation of used blocks were examined, and detailed construction methods are proposed. The methods are expected to maximize the reuse of used wave-dissipation blocks from an economical point of view.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.265-288
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• 2013

The purpose of the study aims to analyse the loss incurred by withdrawal of ship under time charter based on the English Law with the MT Kos case. In this case, it is agreed that if the charterers had begun to make arrangements for the discharge of their cargo as soon as they received the owner's notice of withdrawal, the vessel would have been detained at Angra doe Reis for one day. As it was, she was detained there for 2.64 days. The issue is whether the owners are entitled to be paid for the service of the vessel during that 2.62 days, and for bunkers consumed in the same period. Their claim is put forward on three bases: (1) under clause 13 of the charterparty ; (2) under an express or implied new contract made after the vessel was withdrawn, to pay for the time and bunkers; and (3) under the law of bailment. The judge held they were entitled to succeed on basis (3), but rejected every other basis which they put forward. The Court of Appeal rejected the claim on all three bases, except that they allowed the owners to recover the value of bunkers consumed in actually discharging the cargo.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.101-112
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• 2011

Nowadays, the third-party logistics is getting special attention as one of the most useful ways to perform the logistics management effectively. In this current trend, however, there are many firms which carry out the logistics activities by themselves and strengthen the competitiveness. In respect of contingency theory, the firms' logistics management types should depend on their logistics environment and characteristics, and then the logistics performances vary with this suitability. In this context, this study analyzed empirically the difference of the logistics performances due to the fitness between their logistics characteristics and the management types. According to the finding, the study showed that the third-party logistics is more suitable when the importance and weight of logistics operation and the weight of their export are greater respectively, and the self-logistics is more suitable when the logistics cost is higher. Futhermore, the study indicated that the firms whose relationship between the characteristics and the management types is fit in their logistics are better than the others in the outcome of logistics cost reduction and the effectiveness of logistics operation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.79-86
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• 2017

Ballast water filled into and discharged from the ballast tank of a ship has a negative impact on local marine environment due to various aquatic organisms contained therein. The IMO developed and adopted "The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004" with the purpose of protecting the marine environment from transfer of harmful aquatic organisms in ballast water carried by ships. The IMO BWM Convention was approved in September 2016 and ships must be equipped with ballast water management system after September 2017. Ships' ballast water treatment methods are divided into using active substances as electrolytic type, ozone type, chemical dosing type and using physical treatment type as filter type, ultraviolet type. It is also used with a combination of two methods. Electrolysis is superior in terms of cost and efficiency. In this study, basic principles, components, and land base test contents of electrolysis ballast water treatment system, a direct electrolyzed ballast water treatment system, were examined. Land base test was conducted with 300m3/h capacity device at the KIOST Geoje plant where the government test facility was installed. This test validated that the system meets IMO standards.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.87-108
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• 2020

The Korean logistics industry has grown with the development of domestic industries. The industry plays an important role in national and regional economic growth, and the government has continued policy efforts to foster the industry. This study analyzes the competitiveness of the regional logistics industry and its contribution to the regional economy. Location coefficients are used to analyze local specialization in each logistics industry. The value-added rate, GDP contribution, value-added induction coefficient, and net value-added income of regional logistics industries are analyzed using a regional input-output table. As a result, the logistics industry is found to have net value-added income and competitiveness in some regions, and there is no relationship between the location coefficient and the value-added contribution of the regional logistics industry. Seoul, Incheon, Gyeonggi, Busan, and Jeju have the competitiveness of each logistics industry. In addition, we identified the regions where the logistics infrastructure is well developed and those in which it needs to be supported. The regions where the logistics industry has developed require policies for making high value-added by logistics activity, and regions with insufficient growth need to support the development of the logistics industry by investing human resources and capital that can meet the local demand.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.359-367
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• 2005

In order to increase the productivity of container terminals, automation is being considered seriously in nowadays. A yard is usually automated by running autumated RMGs (rail mounted gantries) which may require somewhat a different stacking strategy to archive a better performance. In this paper, we present a simulation model for RMGs and summarize experimental results with two different stacking strategies applied to a horizontal block which has two non-crossable RMGs. The concentrating strategy, which stacks containers belong to a single ship together and dedicateds each RMG to either ship services or external truck services, showed a good performance in ship unloading. In the contrast, the distributing strategy, which partitions a block into two regions and binds each RMG to one of the regions to improve the productivity of ship services by running each RMG alternately, is suggested for blocks of exporting.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.37-49
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• 2015

According to outstanding maritime economists from domestic and overseas, shipping lines or ships' enlargement reduce fixed costs, and assist realization of scale of economy of shipping. On the contrary, recent Korean liquidity crisis on the shipping lines (SL) has been focused on the leading companies such as Hanjin Shipping (HJS), Korealines, and STX Pan Ocean. In this respect, this study aims to review Korean SLs' strategies and suggest the optimal solution between the specialization and enlargement. For these purposes, this research adopts slack based measure data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) model as a research methodology. As for decision making units (DMUs), SLs which have increased the vessel numbers and belonged to top tier group in year 2013, are selected. The results are comprised with two aspects. Firstly, HJS, KMTC, Korea LNG Trading (KLT), EUKOR, and Sinokor Tanker show the most efficient in regard to constant return to scale (CRS) model. Secondly, HJS, KMTC, KLT, Daerim, Chungang, Sinnokor Tanker, and EUKOR are the most efficient companies in terms of variable return to scale (VRS) model. Lastly, these results could be affected to the management philosophy and can answer the following question. Which is the most optimized SL?s management decision making, enlargement or specialization?

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.146-151
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• 2002

Efficiency of dredging work depends on the types of equipment used, the sediments encountered, whether the work to be performed is new or for maintenance, pre and/or post hydrographic surveying and so forth. Among those, surveying accuracy which is directly determined by the control of the dredge's position and depth surveying accuracy being surveyed at the dredging point are important factors. The purpose of this study is to develop an integrated process management system for pump dredge. The system is composed of 4 sub-systems such as LADGPS for dredge positioning dredging point determination, tidal gauge and angular depth sensor for depth determination, and GIS and ENC process management. The process management system for pump dredge developed was installed on the pump dredge "EUNJIN PD-2" but is now producing work data for comparison with performance of the existing dredge. The data retrieved from the pump dredge process management system up to now shows similar result from the grab dredge management system which was developed previously. It is easy to operate, achieves good accuracy with only 45cm unevenness, reduces working perioa by 20 percint,. More precise evaluation of the system comes later after the dredging work is completed.completed.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.179-201
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• 2012

Since 1993, M&A activities have been frequent in Liner shipping market. This study examines the effect of M&A on stock price reaction for acquiring firms listed on the market. The study covers the period from 1993 to 2009 and uses 61 daily closing prices of the acquiring firms before and after the M&A announcement day and is analyzed through the market-adjusted model in an event study. After calculating short-term performance using abnormal returns(AR) and cumulative average abnormal returns(CAR) before and after 30 days from the day of event, the results on the test show that the firm's values slightly increased through the M&A, but it does not attest to the statistical significance. In addition, this study investigates the AR difference between estimating windows and post-event windows for the 3 cases of each period before and after 30 days, 15 days, and 7 days from the event day to analyse the impact of M&A on the addition of acquiring firm's value. Our findings suggest that the M&A between Liner shipping companies is targeted for the long-term business strategy instead of the instant rise in the value of the firm involved.