• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.276-286
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• 2012

In this study, the antifungal activity of Cryptomeria japonica essential oil against superficial and allergic fungi, Trichophyton schoenleinii, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, and Aspergillus fumigatus, was evaluated for determining the potential compound as dermatitis treatment. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) measurement, TLC bioassay and agar dilution methods were used for determining the antifungal activity of crude essential oil and its fractions from C. japonica. Also, their major constituents were analyzed by GC/MS. The MICs were below 500 ppm at all superficial fungi, and spot 1 of C. japonica essential oil showed highly effective antifungal activity by TLC bioassay. In antifungal activity by agar dilution methods, crude oil showed high antifungal effect at more than 500 ppm and fraction D was significantly effective at even 100 ppm except for A. fumigatus. The major compounds of spot 1 and fraction D of C. japonica oil determined by GC/MS were elemol, ${\gamma}$-eudesmol, and ${\beta}$-eudesmol, which could be used as atopic dermatitis treatment material.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.10
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• pp.125-135
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• 1992

Nine strains of xyl mutants that could not utilize xylose as a carbon source were isolated from E. coli JM109 by the treatment of NTG in order to investigate the regulation of xylose operon and to use recipient cells for the cloning of xylR gene. For the characterization of all isolated mutants, colony colors of all mutants on MacConkey-xylose and MacConkey-xylulose agar plate were observed for the utilization of xylose and xylulose, and the growth level and the activity of xylose isomerase and xylulokinase were determined in need. The isolated xylR/T mutants formed the white colony on MacConkey-xy-lose and MacConkey-xylulose agar plate. They did not detect the activity of xylose isomerase, and the activity of xylose isomerase was not restored in transformants of xylR/T mutant with pEX13 which contained xylA gene. xylR and xylT mutants were classified from xylR/T mutants depending upon the growth level in minimal medium. xylT mutants; DH13, DH121 and DH125 could grow a little in that medium, but xylR mutants; DH10, DH53, and DH60 could not grow that medium.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.157-162
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• 2009

An agar-liquefying bacteria (SC-22), which produces a diffusible agarase that caused agar softening around the colony was isolated from Daecheong lake in Korea. Chemotaxanomic and phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the strain was classified as Cellvibrio mixtus SC-22. The isolate SC-22 showed maximal extracellular agarase activity with 58.5 U/mL after 48 h cultivation in the presence of 0.2% agar. It was observed that the isolate produced two kinds of extracellular and three kinds of intracellular isoenzymes. The major agarase was purified from the culture filtrate of agarolytic bacteria by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion exchange and gel filtration column chromatographic methods. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 25 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The optimum pH and temperature of the purified enzyme were pH 7.0 and $50^{\circ}C$, respectively. The agarase activity was activated by $Fe^{2+}$, $Na^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$ ions while it was inhibited by $Hg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$ and $Cu^{2+}$ at 1 mM concentration. The predominant hydrolysis product of agarose by the enzyme was galactose and disaccharide on TLC, indicating the cleavage of $\beta$-1,4 linkage in a random manner. The enzyme showed high substrate specificity for only agar and agarose among various polysaccharides.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 1985

The study was conducted in order to get basic information on seed germination and seedling growth through the experiments such as basal medium, concns of auxin, sucrose agar and pH values. Seed germination was very excellent in $3g/{\ell}$ hyponex and $5g/{\ell}$ peptone containing medium. Multiple shoots were formed in $1-3g/{\ell}$ hyponex and $5g/{\ell}$ pepton containg medium supplemented with $1.0g/{\ell}$ IBA, $30g/{\ell}$ sucrose and $8g/{\ell}$ agar. Growth of seedlings was more stimulated in the same amount of hyponex and peptone as above medium substituted with $40g/{\ell}$ sucrose and $6g/{\ell}$ agar without IBA.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.229-236
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• 2017

This study was performed to optimize yanggaeng processing conditions prepared with different amounts of steamed Liriopis tuber (SLT) extract, sugar, and agar powder using response surface methodology. The experimental conditions were designed according to the central composite design with 16 experimental points, including two replicates for three independent variables. The experimental data on physicochemical properties, textural properties, and sensory evaluation were fitted to various models, and the accuracy of the equations was analyzed by ANOVA. Among the responses, pH, water content, sugar content, L-value, browning index, chewiness, gumminess, and sensory properties of appearance, color, sweetness, hardness, texture, and overall acceptability showed significant correlation with contents of SLT, sugar, and agar powder. From these results, optimum formulation of yanggaeng was calculated as follows: SLT 35 mL, sugar 55.23 g, and agar powder 3.39 g.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Hyperthermia is effective treatment modality when it combine with the radiotherapy treatment. It is important to verify the temperature distribution of (patient's) body for the safety and effective treatment during raising the temperature. In this study, we raised the temperature in agar phantom using radio frequency (RF) Hyperthermia and protocol that manufacture recommend. Temperature distribution measured 5 section of 5 cm thickness with agar phantom. When the temperature was raised according to the increase energy. Temperature distribution was elevated at similar domain regardless of energy. The temperature tend to be increased at up side then bottom side and also increase when A large electrode was used than small one.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.12
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• pp.1155-1163
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• 2014

The complementary relationship-based evapotranspiration models, namely, AA model of Brutsaert and Stricker (1979) and the CRAE model of Morton (1983) was applied to two permanent stream watersheds Jeju island for the first time, and their major optimal parameters were suggested in this study. The representative watersheds for model calibration and validation were selected as the Hancheon watershed located in the northern part of the Jeju island and and the Kangjeongcheon watershed in southern Jeju island, respectively. The estimated actual evapotranspiration for the Hancheon watershed was compared with the result by the hydrological model, and the major parameters of the AA and CRAE models were calibrated until their results match the hydrological simulations. Through the iterative estimations, the optimal parameters were determined as ${\alpha}=1.00$, $M=30.0Wm^{-2}$ of the AA model, and $b_1=33.0Wm^{-2}$, $b_2=1.02$ of the CRAE model. The calibrated AA and CRAE models were applied to the Kangjeongcheon watershed for model validation, and it was found out that both models can accurately produce the actual evaporation on annual and semiannual bases.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 1981

A series of thermal destruction studies of the most heat resistant yeast strain No. 15 among 61 isolates were conducted in order to establish the optimum pasteurization condition of peach solid pack. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. A survival curve of the selected yeast strain No. 15 at $58^{\circ}C$ consisted of heat labile and heat stable fraction, showing broken curve. 2. The actively growing cell showed less recovery rate than 10 day rested cell after agitation-growing for 90 hr. For heating menstrua, peptone solution gave higher recovery rate than peach juice. For recovery medium, YM agar gave higher recovery rate than peach juice agar. The selected yeast was more resistant to heat at pH 4.0 than at pH 3.5 in both heating menstrua and recovery medium. 3. Z value of TDT curve of the selected yeast (heating : at pH 3.5 in peach juice. recovery: at pH 3.5 in peach juice agar) was $4.8^{\circ}C$. 4. The selected yeast No. 15 was identified as Torulopsis candida. 5. In the inoculated pack test of 4 oz can, it was concluded that the optimum P.U. 70/5 was 168 (center temp; $78.5^{\circ}C$, initial temp; $18^{\circ}C$, processing time; 18 min, initial yeast count; $1.0{\times}10^7$ per can).

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 1982

Habit characteristics of imperfect and perfect stage of D. bryoniae encountered on naturally infected seeds of cucumber and pumpkin were studied by the blotter method and compared with those grown on Difco potato dextrose agar (PDA), V-8 juice agar and water agar leaf medium (WALM). Most of the pycnidiospores obtained from each isolate of this fungus grown on PDA were non-septate and microtype. Non-septate pycnidiospores were predominanted in all isolates, but a macrotype of the non-septate and a number of uniseptate pycnidiospores were produced on V-8 juice agar and water agar leaf medium. On seed the pycnidiospores were mostly non -septate, but rarely uniseptate ones were also found. On radicle of cucumber seed, the pycnidiospores were non-septate and uniseptate but small percentage biseptate with somewhat constricted at septa. Pycnidiospores produced on V-8 juice agar and water agar leaf medium were similar to those produced on seeds. In the present investigation the perithecia were mostly globose to subglobose with apical papillate ostiole and whitish spore masses formed on the ostiole of perithecia, either on naturally infected seed or on culture media. The mature perithecia were dark brown to black. They were partially embedded or erumpent on seed coat and culture media. The perithecia varied in size within a much narrower range than the pycnidia. But perithecial formation of this fungus on PDA, V-8 juice agar, WALM and seed varied considerably depending upon isolate and culture media.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.899-909
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• 2021

In Musculoskeletal ultrasound examination, a linear transducer (12-5 MHz) with a contact surface length of 6 cm, which is commonly distributed in medical institutions, does not contact with bent fingers and wrist depressions only by using a conventional liquid ultrasound gel, which causes image loss. In order to solve this image loss, the use of commercially available Water gel pad is increasing. However, it is a disposable medical product. Repeated use is prohibited and expensive. In this study, in order to reduce the economic burden caused by the use of the commercialized Water gel Pad, we searched for water-soluble food thickener powder that can be easily purchased around our lives and manufactured Gel pads. Among them, kappa-Carrageenan Gel Pad, iota-Carrageenan Gel Pad, and Agar-Agar Gel Pad satisfied the evaluation criteria without artifacts in image evaluation using the N-365 Multipurpose Phantom. Also, the price to purchase the food thickener powder was about 38 times cheaper than the existing commercialized Water gel pad. As a result, if you use the food thickener powder such as kappa-Carrageenan, iota-Carrageenan and Agar-Agar to make solidified elastic Gel pad without a cover instead of the commercially available expensive disposable Water gel pad, the convenience and usefulness of use are improved. It is judged that the manufactured Gel pads can contribute well to the role of efficient ultrasound propagation medium.