• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1547-1556
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• 2023

This study was conducted to check the anti-bacterial ability against Malassezia furfur by mixing Szygium aromaticum and Coptis japonica extracts and to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability by creating an optimal mixture. Szygium aromaticum and Coptis japonica were extracted with 70% ethanol, 100% methanol, and water to evaluate the antibacterial ability, and it was confirmed that 100% methanol extract of Szygium aromaticum and Coptis japonica water extract had the highest anti-bacterial ability. In addition, when the two extracts were mixed and the anti-bacterial ability was evaluated by ratio, the ratio of 9:1 showed the best activity, and it was confirmed that the antioxidant activity of the mixture was excellent. In Raw 264.7 cells, LPS was used to induce inflammatory responses and confirmed anti-inflammatory activity at 1, 10, 50, and 100 ㎍/mL that did not affect survival, and it was confirmed that NO-production inhibition and IL-6 expression inhibition and COX2 and iNOS protein expression inhibition activity were excellent at 10, 50, and 100 ㎍/mL. Through this study, it is thought that the mixture of Szygium aromaticum100% methanol extract and Coptis japonica water extract can be used as a natural ingredient in functional cosmetics because of its excellent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.361-364
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• 2007

국민건강증진을 위해 우리나라만의 독창적이고 뛰어난 진단 방법인 한의학의 망진을 의료공학적 시스템화를 구현하고자 하는데 큰 걸림돌이 되는 것이 찰색이다. 찰색이란 안면의 색을 보고 대상자의 상태를 진단하는 방법으로 이를 위해서는 실제의 피부 색상을 정확하게 획득하여야 한다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 찰색의 정확성을 높이기 위해 대상자의 영상 수집 시 화이트 밸런스를 설정한 후 영상을 획득하고 QP 카드를 통하여 후 보정을 수행하였다. 이를 기반으로 색상 보정 전과 후를 비교, 분석하여 실험을 통한 색상 보정 효과를 파악하고자 한다. 또한 여러 조명 환경 하에서 실험을 진행함으로써 색상의 재현성이 있는지를 확인하고 이를 분석하고자 한다.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.365-368
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• 2007

건강의 유지와 관리가 현대 사회에서 큰 비중을 차지하면서 이를 위한 노력이 증대되고 있다. 특히 비침습, 무자각, 무통증의 한의학적 장점을 이용한 건강 진단이 고령화 사회에서 새로운 이슈로 부각되고 있다. 한방 망진 이론에 따르면 얼굴의 각 부위는 오장육부에 해당하여 인체의 건강상태를 그대로 드러낸다. 본 논문에서는 망진을 기반으로 얼굴 색상을 통한 결과값과 상관성을 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 얼굴에 나타난 색상을 추출, 분석하여 폐 질환을 진단하는 방법을 제안하였다. 최종적으로 폐 질환 환자와 정상인의 얼굴 색상을 비교, 분석하여 제안한 방법을 입증하고자 한다.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 2019

Objectives : In this study, we investigated the combination effects of Cinnamomi cortex Ethanol Extract (CcEE) and hyperthermia in the human AGS gastric cancer cell line. Methods : AGS cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of CcEE (0, 50 or $60{\mu}g/mL$) for 1h prior to hyperthermia. And then incubated for a further 30 min at the indicated temperatures (37, 42 or $43^{\circ}C$) in a humidified incubator containing 5% $CO_2$ or a thermostatically controlled water bath for hyperthermia. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay, Morphology assay and Trypan blue assay. To investigate the possible molecular signaling pathways, the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) proteins (ERK, p38 and JNK) and expression of various anti-apoptotic proteins such as Caspase-3, Caspase-9, p53, Cyclin D1 and MMP-2 were assessed by Western blot analysis. In addition, Annexin V and 7-amino-actinomycin D (7-AAD) staining was performed to examine the apoptotic mechanism. Results : Combination of CcEE with hyperthermia effectively suppressed the cell viability and changed cellmorphology compared with CcEE or hyperthermia treatment alone. Combined treatment also abated the expression of Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Cyclin D1 and MMP-2. Whereas, the expression level of p53 was up-regulated by co-treatment. Moreover, combination treatment enhanced phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK. In addition, this combination increased anti-cancer effect by inducing cell death through the apoptosis. Conclusions : Taken together, all these findings suggest that the combination treatment with CcEE and hyperthermia may have therapeutic potential as a promising approach to patients with stomach cancer.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.27-34
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• 2023

Objectives : Currently, the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common urogenital disorder in old men. We were performed to determine the effects of abietic acid (AC), component of pine resin, in benign prostatic hyperplastic Sprague-Dawley rat (SD rat) induced by testosterone injection (IP). Methods : We monitored body weights in SD rat at start and end date of experiment. After end of experiment, the prostate weights were measured in SD rats. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels was performed in serum. And we determined the 5-alpha reductase Ⅱ activity, testosterone levels, and dihydrotestosterone levels in prostate tissue and serum using ELISA kit. Results : As results, the prostate wights were increased in BPH group compared to normal group and were decreased in fina, AC30, and AC 50 groups, respectively. Serum GOT levels were decreased in AC50 group compared to BPH group. And Serum GPT levels of AC30 and AC50 groups were lower than BPH group. In addition, the 5-alpha reductase Ⅱ activity, testosterone levels, and dihydrotestosterone levels were decreased the fina, AC10, AC30, and AC 50 groups contrast to the BPH group. Furthermore, 5-alpha reductase Ⅱ activity, testosterone levels, and dihydrotestosterone levels were decreased dose dependent in AC groups compared to BPH group. Conclusion : These results suggest that AC could be used as a potential material for the treatment of BPH by decreasing the androgen levels in benign prostatic hyperplasia model rats.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.87-96
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of extruded Acanthopanax Folium extracts on Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis of rats. Methods： To induce arthritis in the ankle joint of rats, CFA was injected in the proximal part of the tail subcutaneously. After CFA injection, arthritic conditions were examined with macrography. The volume of paw edema and thickness of the ankle joints were checked regularly within 20 days. At 20 days, histopathological examination was performed on the ankle joint. Inflammation levels were determined by total WBC counts and differential WBC counts using a blood analyzer. Tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ and interleukin-1$\beta$ concentration in paw exudate were measured by ELISA method. Results： Several arthritic conditions induced by CFA were alleviated by Acanthopanax Folium treatment. Morphologically, reduction of arthritic conditions were observed and the volume of paw edema and thickness of the ankle joints were significantly decreased. Additionally, cytokines in paw exudate were diminished and histopathological improvement was observed. Conclusions： This study showed that the extruded Acanthopanax Folium extracts have the beneficial effects on the CFA induced arthritis of rats and might be used for chronic arthritis patients.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.71-78
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• 2018

Objectives : This study was fulfilled to investigate nominee materials as anti-inflammatory agent from ethanol extract of Chinese medicinal plants in Yanjin. Among the 20 candidates, we selected most effective one, the ethanol extract of Cicuta virosa L. (CVL). The mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of CVL is not clearly identified as yet. Accordingly, we clarified the anti-inflammatory effects of CVL and its underlying molecular mechanisms in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Methods : RAW264.7 macrophages were incubated with CVL (12.5, 25, or $50{\mu}M$) and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ($1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$). Cytotoxicity was determined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay and the level of nitric oxide (NO) production was measured with Griess reagent. The prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) production was measured with enzyme immunoassay kits and the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was determined using Western blot analysis. Results : Among the 20 ethanol extract of Chinese medicinal plants of Yanjin tested, CVL significantly reduced the production of NO in a dose-dependent manner via inhibition the protein expressions of iNOS without cytotoxicity on the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, CVL also effectively declined the production of $PGE_2$ in LPS-simulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusions : Taken together, these data presented in this study demonstrate that CVL possesses anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators NO and $PGE_2$, and pro-inflammatory protein iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.172-177
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• 2023

In order to deduce the pathogenic factor(PF) diagnosis logic of underlying in pattern identification of Korean medicine, 2,072 cases of DSOM(Diagnosis System of Oriental Medicine) data from May 2005 to April 2022 were collected and analyzed by means of decision tree model(DTM). The entire data were divided into training data and validation data at a ratio of 7:3. The CHAID algorithm was used for analysis of DTM, and then validity was tested by applying the validation data. The decision rules of items and pathways determined from the diagnosis data of Qi Deficiency, Blood Deficiency, Yin Deficiency and Yang Deficiency Pathogenic Factor of DSOM were as follows. Qi Deficiency PF had 7 decision rules and used 5 questions: Q124, Q116a, Q119, Q119a, Q55. The primary indicators(PI) were 'lack of energy' and 'weary of talking'. Blood deficiency PF had 7 decision rules and used 6 questions: Q113, Q84, Q85, Q114, Q129, Q130. The PI were 'numbness in the limbs', 'dizziness when standing up', and 'frequent cramps'. Yin deficiency PF had 3 decision rules and used 2 questions: Q144 and Q56. The PI were 'subjective heat sensation from the afternoon to night' and 'heat sensation in the limbs'. Yang deficiency PF had 3 decision rules and used 3 questions: Q55, Q10, and Q102. The PI were 'sweating even with small movements' and 'lack of energy'. Conclusively, these rules and symptom information to decide the Qi·Blood·Yin·Yang Deficiency PF would be helpful for Korean medicine diagnostics.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.486-489
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 안면 색 비교 분석을 위한 방법 및 시스템을 제안 한다. 안면 색 비교 분석은 의료 및 여러 분야에서 요구가 증가 하고 있으나 현재 개발되어 있는 시스템은 거의 없는 실정이다. 이에 안면색 비교 분석 시스템의 개발을 통해 여러 분야에 있어 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료 된다. 이는 각 분야에서 실험 전 후의 안면 영상 비교에 있어 활용도가 높으며, 특히 한의학의 진단법 중 망진의 색진을 위한 안면 색 분석에 있어 효율적인 분석을 행 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.65-76
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• 2009

The unsaturated characteristics of Korean weathered granite soils have been studied to investigate the influence of saturated permeability, rainfall intensity and soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) on the slope stability. The upper, average and lower SWCCs were estimated from the publication and experimental results using the statistical concept. The roughly estimated SWCC can be used for the soils without experimental results by relating SWCC with the particle size distribution curve. An appropriate ratio between the saturated permeability and the rainfall intensity ($k_s$/i) was also suggested for practical use in designing the slopes by investigating the time-dependent variation of slope instability during the rainfall. The slope stability was deteriorated from the initiation of rainfall and recovered again after the factor of safety reached the critical value. The FS of the slope decreased at first and then increased after reaching the critical value during the rainfall. As a result, the slope instability was not related with an absolute rainfall intensity but with the ratio between the saturated permeability and the rainfall intensity. In case of the upper SWCC, the critical condition occurred when the ratio between the saturated permeability and the rainfall intensity was in the range of $1.0{\sim}2.0$.