• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.698-709
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• 2011

Wedding shops, which had been located in Jung-gu, Jongno-gu, Seodaemun-gu, and Mapo-gu in 1990, have been shown a rapid change in light of location since the year of 1995. Thus, most of shops are concentrated on Gangnam-gu in 2010. Wedding dress shops in Gangnam-gu were distributed between Kanglim Church and Apgujeong station in the early 1990s, and then moved gradually to Dosan park and then to Cheongdam-dong after passing through Hakdong intersection. Luxury image in Cheongdam-dong was the main reason for integration of wedding businesses. This intergration of shops showed the peak at the Cheongdam intersection. A motive of having come to start business in Cheongdam-dong was selected the high awareness and image in district, and was taken the ease for business-based cooperation and connection. High rent and inconvenient transportation were reasons for dissatisfaction. The business-based cooperation and connection were mostly formed through a consulting company. Level and reputation of relevant shops were important elements. Even the connective and associative shops are located the most in Cheongdam-dong followed by Nonhyeon-dong, Shinsa Apgujeong-dong in order. The cluster relationship was most noticeable in wedding studio, wedding dress, wedding consulting, and hanbok(Korean traditional clothes) business. Frequency of vertical cluster was indicated to be more than horizontal cluster. User behavior of wedding businesses in Seoul has been collecting wedding information through internet and wedding consulting business.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.39-57
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• 1996

미국은 이제까지 서구 백인문화 중심적으로 간호학을 발전시켜왔다. 그러나 국제적인 세계화 흐름과 함께 이제까지 경시되어 왔던 소수 민족들에게 차츰 관심을 모으고 있다. 이러한 간호학의 추세와 함께 재미 한인들의 증가는 간호학 내의 한인들에 대한 문화적 지식의 확대를 필요로 하게 하였다. 이민이라는 과정을 통해서 이민자들은 새로운 가치관. 태도. 사회적 규범을 획득하게 되는데. 이러한 변화는 신체적. 정신적 건강에 부정적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 또한 이러한 이민 적응과정에서 오는 어려움 들은 이민자 들이 건강관리를 효과적으로 하지 못하게 하는 주원인으로 보고되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 재미 한인들의 건강관리실천을 그들의 초기 이민 과정에서 겪게 되는 여러 경험에 초점을 맞추면서 면담조사와 사례 연구를 통하여 살펴보았다. 임의 표본 추출된 미국 캘리포니아주 오클랜드에 있는 한 한인 교회의 20명의 교민들을 대상으로 그들의 초기 이민경험과 건강관리 실천에 관한 면담 조사가 이루어졌으며 대상자 중 3인을 대상으로 하여 사례 연구가 이루어졌다. 연구 결과, 재미 한인들은 타이민자들에 비해 소규모 사업에 종사하는 경우가 많고 높은 취업 율에 비해 낮은 수인을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 한인들은 타이민자들에 비해 좀 더 보수적이며 그들의 문화와 관습을 가능한 한 고수하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 한인들은 사회 참여와 대인 관계에 있어서 한인 사회에만 한정되게 활동하는 것으로 나타났다. 재미 한인들은 한인 사회 내에서 강력한 사회적 유대관계를 유지하는 것으로 나타났으며, 가족의 영향력이 타민족들에 비하여 강한 것으로 나타났다 언어 장벽이 가장 큰 문제로 보고되고 있으며 비록 성공적으로 미국 사회에 적응을 하더라도 계속적인 경제적인 생존 노력과 사회적으로 소외된 그들의 위치는 그들의 삶을 계속해서 어렵게 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 초기 이민 적응과정에서 오는 어려움 들은 그들의 건강을 비효과적으로 관리하게 만드는 것으로 나타났다. 첫째, 적절한 통역자를 사전에 선정, 이용함으로써 적절한 간호를 제공할 수 있도록 하여야겠다. 둘째. 한인을 대하는 간호 제공자들은 한인에 대한 문화적 지식을 겸비하고 그 지식에 근거를 둔 문화적으로 적절한 간호를 제공하여야 할 것이다. 셋째, 간호 제공자들은 한인들의 치료법 혼용을 이해하고 동시에 여러 치료법을 사용하는 경우. 잘 살펴서 적절한 조치를 취해야 할 것이다. 넷째, 가족관계를 사정하고 적절히 가족 구성원을 간소 목적을 위하여 사용할 수 있어야 하겠다 마지막으로 이들 내의 위험 집단을 우선적으로 파악. 접근하여야 할 것이다. 위험 집단으로는 경제적 문제로 적절한 의료 이용을 할 수 없는 저소득층, 문화적으로 열등한 위치에 있는 여성층과 초기 이민 적응에 가장 문제를 일으킬 소지가 있는 노년층을 들 수 있겠다. 이 연구는 몇 가지 제한점을 가진다. 첫째. 연구 대상자 선정이 어려워서 자원자를 대상으로 연구가 행해졌다. 둘째. 적은 수의 연구 대상자를 대상으로 연구가 행해졌다. 셋째. 연구기간이 짧았던 까닭에 좀더 상세한 사례 연구가 이루어질 수 없었다 좀 더 신뢰할 수 있는 표본 추출 방법을 통하여 선정된, 많은 연구 대상자를 가지고, 심도 있는 연구가 추후 반복적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.645-660
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• 2020

This study attempts to look at the role that modern Christianity should play on an educational level in order to effectively prepare for the future society in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. In the coming era, various areas of human life, including human labor, are expected to be replaced by AI robots. As new alternatives, the ability to empathize effectively and educate creatively to help develop personality qualities are proposed in a rapidly changing world of uncertainty. Modern Christianity, however, has the responsibility to help solve the problems facing this era in the public as a member of the community beyond the boundaries of the church. The purpose of this study is to examine what education the modern Christianity can present to the world as a public discourse and how that should be done. This study suggests the following points on the proper education for which Christianity will participate in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. First, it is necessary to emphasize a sense of belonging through a sense of community. Second, serious considerations and preparations for education that develops creativity are needed. Third, it is necessary to establish an educational direction that encompasses the entire generation. Fourth, practical education through digital utilization should be implemented in the local community. Finally, Christianity in the era of the fourth Industrial Revolution needs to be more integrated. As the Christian community recognizes that the agenda of the community is its task, it will be able to create a co-existing and symbiotic society.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.286-303
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• 2015

This paper aims at analyzing the role of Korean ethnic network in the settlement process of Korean immigrants, and elucidating their utilization measures, through the case Study of Korean Immigrants in LA. The main results of this study are as follows. Firstly, the majority of respondents used Korean ethnic networks and Korean town in the immigration process. According to the results of ANOVA test, Korean ethnic network are more importantly considered by the groups such as elderly, livers in Korean town, and people who the first settlement was LA. Secondly, respondents more frequently use Korean ethnic network in the activities such as church, shopping and business. Especially, the groups such as short immigration term, elderly, poor English ability are more frequently use Korean ethnic network. Thirdly, Viewing the cognition of respondents about the necessity of Korean ethnic networks, respondents want to use them for strengthening the ties of domination society. Finally, utilization of Korean ethnic churches, Korean ethnic business organizations and Korean ethnic web-site portal are proposed for activating Korean ethnic networks.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.1103-1110
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• 2013

This study was investigated the subjects' satisfaction in the therapy among the internet age. The subjects of the study were 200 women who have menses in ages from 18 to 55 among visitors of five public health centers and attendants of A church in Gwangju. The period of the study ranged from September 6 to October 10, 2010. As a study instrument, this study used a questionnaire developed based on questions from studies published by An Seung-duk(2003). This study used SPSS 17.0, for a frequency analysis, a cross-tabulation and a chi-squared test. During the analysis, 43.4% of the subjects used the complementary alternative therapy. 56.3% visited used oriental medical clinics or herbal medicine shops as places to use the therapy, 42.5% received medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion and cupping at oriental medical clinics. As expenses of the therapy, 56.3% spent less than 500,000 won a year. After the therapy, 51% answered they were satisfied with the therapy. In conclusion, it was discovered that use rate of the therapy is increasing, the subjects decided to use the therapy for themselves or through recommendation from acquaintances, and they mainly depended on reliable oriental medical clinics or folk remedies against menstrual pain, and insurance benefits for the therapy should be considered except oriental medical hospitals or clinics.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.305-319
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• 2012

The Myeongdongseongdang Cathedral, which was designated as Historic Site No. 258 in Korea, is a representative cathedral of Korean Catholic church designed by a French priest Eugene-Jean Georges Coste and completed in 1898. It is a Gothic-styled architecture constructed with bricks and stones. Lithological and mineralogical analyses determined that holy stone relics were made of marble and granite, and foundation stones are of pink feldspar granite. Deterioration mapping and ultrasonic measurement revealed main weathering and damage were exfoliation (40%) and black discoloration (37%) in the holy water basin, and exfoliation (6%) and discoloration (46%) in the exterior foundation stones. Ultrasonic velocity of the stones were calculated as 3,525m/s in the holy water basin and 2,795m/s in the exterior stones that indicated these stones were sorted into moderately to highly weathered rock. This was resulted from moisture and atmospheric pollutants around the cathedral.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2001.04b
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• pp.100-102
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 온실의 난방에 사용되는 열풍식 난방기 등의 배기 연통에 부착하여 배출되는 가스로부터 열을 회수할 수 있는 장치를 개발함에 있어서 연통과 열회수 장치간의 열 교환 성능을 3가지 상이하게 설계된 열 교환 장치(Fig. 1 참조)에 대하여 실험적으로 비교 분석하였다. Fig. 1-(a)는 열 교회수기 개발을 위해 기존에 사용한 장치로서 회수용 공기의 흐름방향이 배기 연통과 직각을 이룬 형식이며, Fig. 1-(b) 및 (c)는 열 회수 성능 개선을 위해 새로 설계된 형식으로서 각각 열 교환 파이프의 배치형식이 상이하나 회수용 공기의 흐름방향이 180도로 굴곡되는 U-자형 흐름이 이루어지도록 하였다. 실험에 사용된 공기 순환 펜의 용량은 AB-형의 경우에는 최대 25㎥/min이고, C-형 및 D-형의 경우는 공히 최대 42㎥/min으로서 송풍전압 조절장치를 이용하여 풍량을 연속적으로 조절할 수 있도록 하였다. U-자형 흐름형식인 C-형 및 D-형의 경우 흐름 방향의 굴곡으로 인한 마찰저항이 있을 것으로 예상은 했으나 당초 예상했던 것에 비해 마찰 저항이 지나치게 큰 것으로 밝혀졌다. 비록 설계된 열교환 튜브의 배열형식별 열 교환기의 외부 모양이 달라 회수기의 표면을 통한 대류 열 교환이 다소 차이를 보일 것으로 예상되지만 본 연구에서는 열 회수장치에 내장된 열 교환 튜브부분만을 통한 열 회수율을 중심으로 형식간의 성능을 비교하였다. 실험을 통하여 측정된 자료중 대표적인 예는 Fig-2와 같으며, 측정자료를 기준으로 분석된 열회수 성능에 대한 설계형식별 비교 결과는 Table-1과 같으며, 분석된 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다: 1. AB-형 열회수시스템의 경우, 초기 투자비용과 현재의 농용 전력요금 하에서 에너지 절감규모를 비교하면, 대체로 1년을 전후하여 투자에 대한 보상이 충분히 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 2. C-형 및 D-형 열회수시스템의 경우, 열 회수용 공기의 흐름방향이 동일 공간내에서 180도 굴절됨으로서 저항이 크게 발생되어 송풍 펜의 전압 증가에 따른 유속증가가 미미하였으며, 굴절형의 열교환장치는 비록 열교환면적은 직선형과 유사하더라도 송풍 펜의 공기저항이 커져서 결국 열 회수성능이 기대했던 것만큼 크게 개선되지는 못했다. 3. 송풍펜의 용량은 AB-형에 사용된 용량인 25㎥/min 전후가 적절할 것으로 판단되며, 적정 송풍 펜용량 하에서 열 회수성능은 굴절형이 직선형보다 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 곡선형은 물론 직선형에서도 열교환 튜브의 배치밀도, 튜브 길이 및 두께 등의 변화에 따른 최적화 연구가 수반되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.54
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• pp.41-75
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• 2016

This study explored the impact of daily hassles and the mediated effect of spiritual well-being and the moderated effect of coping styles on health and depression of middle-aged women. Subjects for this study were 230 Christian midlife women attending in the 10 churches on the metropolitan area. The data was analyzed using path analysis and moderator effect model with the structural equation modeling. Daily hassles are found to act as causes that damage physical or mental health and also elevate the level of depression. Daily hassles have a direct impact on health and depression, and at the same time, they also produce a partial mediation effect on spiritual well-being as a mediation factor. In other words, daily hassles impede spiritual well-being, and the deteriorated spiritual well-being, although its connection to physical health is not clear, is shown to damage mental health and elevate the level of depression. Analysis of coping styles related to the relationship between daily hassles and health and depression showed that, of the 12 coping styles, three, namely, self-criticism, positive interpretation and self-control, produced significant buffering effects. This study hopes to reveal the mediation factors that can minimize negative impact in the relationship between middle-aged women's daily hassles and healthiness and provide the basic material for figuring out practical implications and policy measures regarding the issue.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.171-195
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• 2013

One of the current issues in Workers' Compensation Insurance is about the coverage range. Korea uses the definition of worker under the Labor Standards Act in Workers' Compensation Act and solved the problems associated with the coverage range of insurance group by the exceptional clause only for the groups which was raised about the need for the social protection. The purpose of this paper is to draw implications for solving problems which are associated with the coverage range of insurance group by reviewing the German literature. We focus on volunteers and persons in special types of employment. German government supports the activity of volunteers by providing with the protection service against the accidents. This paper shows how the coverage range is extended from the dependent employees in the introduction of the Workers' Compensation Insurance to the people who need social protection focusing on the volunteers. The implications of this research are following. First, German system shows that Workers' Compensation Insurance can be extended to the groups which do not belong to the dependent employee but are worthy of protection. Second, it is necessary to provide volunteers in the social welfare system with the protection service against the accidents and the statutory accident scheme is recommendable to use. Third, volunteers in the social welfare system need to be compulsory insured. Fourth, Korea should find their own way in solving problems associated with persons in special types of employment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.615-627
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• 2021

With Covid-19, the era of Untact has arrived. Online is bound to develop because face-to-face has become difficult among the threats of the Corona virus. Even in this era, even worship services to God have been offered online. Teenagers, the generation most accustomed to online, seem to easily adapt to online worship. Online youth worship is expected to continue even in the post-corona era. If so, the theological reflection on whether online youth worship is possible is necessary. Through theological reflection, we need to secure theological justification for online youth worship, and strive to make it a better and more accurate online worship service. Online worship tailored to the eye level of youth and online worship that meets the spiritual needs of youth should be planned, prepared, and implemented. This paper presented the theological justification for online youth worship by looking at the definition of worship, elements of worship, places of worship, and history of worship. In addition, while examining the characteristics of adolescence, it suggested why online youth worship is important and necessary. Then, in order to plan online youth worship that is more advanced and more accurate than the online worship currently being conducted in each church, the reality of online youth worship was presented by examining the purposes, contents, and methods of online youth worship.