• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.28 no.4D
• /
• pp.451-457
• /
• 2008

Establishing realistic bus service coverage is needed to build optimum city bus line networks and reasonable bus service coverage areas. The purposes of this study are understanding the characteristics of the present walking time and marginal walking time of small-medium cities and constructing an ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) model to estimate the marginal walking time for certain age and income. The cities of Masan, Chongwon and Jinju are selected for study cities. The 80 percentile of present walking time of bus users of these cities are 10.2-11.1 minutes, thus the values are greater than the 5 minutes of the maximum walking time in USA and the marginal walking times of 21.1-21.8 minutes are much greater. An ANFIS model based on pulled data of the cities are constructed to estimate the marginal walking time of small-medium cities. Analyzing the relationship between marginal walking time and age/income by using the model, the marginal walking time decreases as the age increases, but is near constant from the age of 25 to 35. And the marginal walking time is inversely proportional to the income. In comparing the surveyed and the estimated values, as the statistics of coefficient of determination, MSE and MAE are 0.996, 0.163, 0.333 respectively, it may be judged that the explainability of the model is very high. The technique developed in this study can be applied to other cities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.23 no.3 s.81
• /
• pp.149-159
• /
• 2005

The paper presented not only the difference of the marginal walking time by passenger. but also the derivation of the bus service determination model by passenger attributes. The marginal walking distance to bus stop is a basic parameter to estimate bus service coverage area in certain area. And the marginal walking distance could be transformed from the marginal walking time, which is the focus of this paper. The result of analysis revealed that the age and income of passenger are strongly related to the marginal walking time. In planning or regulating the spacing of bus routes or bus stops in certain area, the model suggested in this paper help for the planner to choose optimal alternative.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.217-227
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this research is the estimation of a transfer ratio according to transfer time reflecting passenger attributes such as sex, age, income, job, the car ownership, and other variables with the assumption that a transfer ratio would be different depending on each passenger attribute. This research tested transfer time through a question-survey, estimated transfer time according to the passenger attributes using a data sample, and presented some applicable models about marginal transfer time for the case of the determination of transfer ratios according to transfer time. In this research the sample which had been surveyed for passengers walking to access a transfer station was used to test and estimate and the question was present walking time to the transfer time and the marginal transfer walking time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2020.11a
• /
• pp.120-123
• /
• 2020

보편적으로 사용되는 경로 검색 앱은 출발지에서 목적지까지의 최단 거리 또는 최소 시간을 기준으로 도보 경로를 추천하고 있어 사용자의 다양한 요구사항을 반영하는데 한계가 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 사용자의 일정 및 본인의 섭취한 칼로리를 기준으로 출발지와 목적지 사이의 다수의 경로를 추천하는 앱을 제안하였다. 또한, 제안된 앱의 동작을 검증하기 위하여 해당 기능을 직접 구현하고 다양한 테스트시나리오들을 이용하였다.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2023

Currently, no guidelines exist regarding the maximum residues of pesticides in edible oil which is a processed food commonly consumed in Korea. This lack of guidelines hinders the evaluation of the safety of edible oil in terms of pesticide contamination. In this study, an analysis method based on heat distillation and GC-MS/MS was established by optimizing the extraction and purification procedure for 68 pesticides. Important variables in the thermal distillation procedure included heating temperature and time, and we found the nitrogen flow rate as a mobile phase and the type of dissolving solvent were not considerably affected. The determination coefficient (R²) of the residual pesticide was 0.99 or higher, and the quantitative limit (LOQ) was 0.01-0.02 mg/L. The average recovery rate (n=5) was 66.1-120.0% and the relative standard deviation was lower than ±10% when 68 pesticides were spiked at concentrations of 0.01-0.02, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/L. In addition, the within-laboratory precision was less than ±11%, meeting the Korea Food and Drug Safety Evaluation Institute's Guidelines on Standard Procedures for Preparing Food Testing Methods (2016). Therefore, the test method developed in this study can be used as a test method for managing the safety of the residual pesticide concentration in edible oil.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.25 no.2 s.95
• /
• pp.121-132
• /
• 2007

This paper addressed the issue of a generalized cost model for transit assignment. The model composed of walk time, waiting time (including transfer waiting time), line-haul time, transfer walk time, and fare. The weights of each component were supposed to be calculated using the stated preference (SP) data, which were collected prudently in order to reflect reality. The marginal rate of substitution and wage rate were applied to calculate the weights. The results showed that the weight of walking time per in-vehicle travel time (IVTT) was 1.507, the weight of waiting time (per IVTT) was 1.749, that of transfer time (per IVTT) was 1.474, and that of fare (per IVTT) was 1.476 for trips between inner-city areas in Seoul. Weights for each component were identified as 1.871, 1.967, 1.015, and 0.857, respectively, for trips between Seoul and Gyeonggi. Statistical significance existed between two cases and each variable was also statistically significant. Transit assignment using the relative weights estimated in this study was implemented to analyze the travel index in a macroscopic and quantitative basis. The results showed that average total travel times were 30.23 minutes and 63.29 minutes and average generalized costs were 2,510 won and 3,880 won for trips between inner-city areas in Seoul and between Seoul and Gyeonggi, respectively.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.5-16
• /
• 2018

As the augmented reality market has rapidly grown in recent years, various platform interfaces have emerged. In addition, it provides recommended travel information for each user based on a smartphone. Based on the recommended travel information, it provides the information of a tour path. Even though it is implemented in mobile devices and does not have continuous communication with servers, it needs new technologies that can provide additional entertainment services such as cultural and historical sites in corresponding regions while still providing guides depending on user movements

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 2019

As the urbanization progresses, the demand for parking in large cities surges compared with that for parking lots. However, the space for securing a parking lot in a large city is physically limited and a budget problem also arises. Therefore, a shared parking system that can utilize existing parking lots is becoming important. This study was carried out to analyze the parking area efficiently for the residents parking area. As a result of the questionnaire survey, it was the most frequent passage to work / commuting and business purposes. The most important factors in parking were 'Parking charge', 'Walking distance to the destination after parking', 'Parking lot searching time' Approximately 46 % of the respondents were female. As a result of the quantitative analysis of the factors influencing the potential use of the intention to use as a dependent variable, it was analyzed that the policy was effective to reduce the parking fee to less than 500 won per 10 minutes and take about 3-6 minutes to search.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 2015

It is necessary to determine real path for urban railway users in order to allocate revenues between urban railway organizations. Out of several algorithms used to determine optimal routes, the k-path algorithm based on link-label has been utilized. However, this k-path algorithm has certain flaws. For example, optimal route can change depending on the travel and walking time, transfer penalty, and so on. Also, this algorithm cannot take into account the characteristics of users, who prefer express train to normal trains. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to determine one single optimal route based on the traffic card data. This method also can search for an optimal path in conjunction with the railway timetable.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.89-107
• /
• 2023

Public libraries should plan and provide services that satisfy various needs of the local community users. In order to understand library users, it is essential first to grasp the service areas of libraries. The current service areas of public libraries are primarily set based on administrative boundaries of the areas where the libraries are located, which limits the consideration of actual user access patterns to the libraries. In this study, we aim to create service areas that incorporate the transportation and geographical characteristics of the library's surroundings and reflect the access patterns of library users. Specifically, we utilized street network data from 502 libraries in 7 metropolitan cities to determine the travel distance and time from user locations, considering gradients, to the libraries. Subsequently, we applied the shortest path algorithm to generate service areas within a 30-minute walking or driving range. As a result, we confirmed that there are differences in the service area patterns of libraries depending on topographical factors, and this better reflects the realistic conditions of library access compared to service areas based on straight-line distances. This method of generating service areas contributes to a more accurate understanding of library users' numbers, characteristics, and needs.