• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.159-171
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• 2009

The objective of this research is to explore a method to utilize a programmable robot, as a potential learning tool in the elementary school's curricula. Due to their programmability and operational ease of use, programmable robots are among digital toys that today offer specially instructive features. In this research, we developed the robot game-based project contents as a tool for teaching the elementary school children to learn the algorithm, the essential part of computer programming. The LEGO material, selected as the construction kit for robot, consists of a mechanical assembly system, a set of sensors and actuators, a central control unit, a programming environment. The project requires the children to complete 3 separate tasks, each of which is developed based on the principles of algorithm. The classroom feedback supports that the robotic experiences provided the children with fun and absorption. It is likely that implementing learning with robot in regular classroom in elementary school can bring new possibilities to the educational system, provided that a thorough preparation backs up the plan.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.241-244
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• 2014

In this paper, we apply the learning of the mobile robot insect augmented reality Digilog Book. In the era of electronic, book written in paper space just have moved to virtual reality space. The virtual reality, constraints spatial and physical, in the real world, it is a technique that enables to experience indirectly situation not experienced directly as user immersive experience type interface. Applied to the learning robot Digilog Book that allows the fusion of paper analog and digital content, using the augmented reality technology, to experience various interactions. Apply critical elements moving, three-dimensional images and animation to enrich the learning, for easier block assembly, designed to grasp more easily rank order between the blocks. Anywhere at any time, is capable of learning of the robot in Digilog Book to be executed by the mobile phone in particular.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.77-91
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• 2023

Interaction methods and technologies for mutual exploration based on user behavior are evolving variously. Especially, in recent years, with the development of a wide range of sensors, they have developed from contact to non-contact methods. However, developers' senseless definitions of the interaction methods have made the exploration process quite complicated, which rather creates the hassle of users needing to learn the interaction guide defined by the developers before experiencing the exhibition contents. In this context, in order to make visitors smoothly communicate with exhibition contents, a preliminary study on easy interaction for users of various ages is needed, and in particular, research on improving the usability of user interaction is also essential when developing non-contact exhibition contents. So, in this study, a method to reduce the confusion between developers and users was sought by researching non-contact interaction that could be universally interacted with in the field of exhibition contents and proposing behavior designs. First, based on the narrative structure of cultural resources, existing studies were reviewed and the points of interactions as cultural contents were derived. Then the most efficient search process was selected among non-contact behaviors based on hand gestures that allow users to naturally guess and learn interaction methods. Furthermore, on the basis of the meaning of non-linear narrative-based interaction and the analysis results of spatial behavior elements, affordance behavior with high learning effect and efficiency was derived. Through this research process, an action that helps users to understand non-contact interaction naturally in the process of exploring exhibition-type cultural contents and to utilize non-contact interaction in the process of immersion in exhibition contents is proposed as a final model.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.263-285
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• 2022

This study presented the factor analysis on constructing the new factors affecting the middle school students' online learning behaviors from the questionnaires employed among middle school students. A total of 204 students participated and the data were collected in South Korea. The sample of middle school ninth-grade students was selected and used through purposive sampling. Findings from the factor analysis provided evidence for the eight-factor solution for the 35-items accounting for 66.15% of the shared variance. A wide range of factors has been considered to identify students' online learning behaviors. The appropriate experience and use of e-learning in the middle school period is also important as it will be a critical stepstone for future education. This research provides information that has been taken into account for advancing online learning to enhance the quality of e-learning systems for middle school students. The study results provided eight new factors affecting the middle school students' online learning behaviors; that is 1) communication using social media as a learning tool, 2) intention to share information using ICT, 3) addiction of technology, 4) adoption of technology, 5) seeking information using ICT, 6) use of social media learning, 7) information search using ICT, and 8) immersion of technology. This study confirmed that middle school students prefer communication using social media as a learning tool, and value intention to share information using ICT for the most part. The data obtained based on factor analysis can highlight the online learning behaviors towards a mixture of social media learning and ICT to ensure a new educational platform for the future of e-learning. This research expects to be useful for both middle schools of online learning to better understand students' online learning behaviors and design online learning environments and information professionals to better assist students who particularly need digital literacy.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.11-20
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• 2019

In this study, a novel virtual reality (VR) experience environment is proposed for enabling walking adaptation of visually impaired people. The core of proposed VR environment is based on immersive walking interactions and deep learning based braille blocks recognition. To provide a realistic walking experience from the perspective of visually impaired people, a tracker-based walking process is designed for determining the walking state by detecting marching in place, and a controller-based VR white cane is developed that serves as the walking assistance tool for visually impaired people. Additionally, a learning model is developed for conducting comprehensive decision-making by recognizing and responding to braille blocks situated on roads that are followed during the course of directions provided by the VR white cane. Based on the same, a VR application comprising an outdoor urban environment is designed for analyzing the VR walking environment experience. An experimental survey and performance analysis were also conducted for the participants. Obtained results corroborate that the proposed VR walking environment provides a presence of high-level walking experience from the perspective of visually impaired people. Furthermore, the results verify that the proposed learning algorithm and process can recognize braille blocks situated on sidewalks and roadways with high accuracy.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.651-656
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• 2017

Virtual Training generates virtual situation or environment with specific goals in order to instruct trainees as if they are in the real-world. Recently, the demand of experiencing certain incident, which we are not able to experience in real life, has been increased along with the fast developing Virtual Reality (VR) technology. Particularly, Virtual Training(VT) enables us to learn various fields those require high risk and high cost. The system of VT provides interaction and allows us absorb these learning materials better which augments learning effect. Based on the demand of Virtual Training system, this research analyzes current education paradigm National Competency Standards (NCS) in Korea and suggests possible education that utilizes Virtual Training system. At the end of the day, our future goal is to apply suggested Virtual Training contents to universities that reflect NCS curriculum like polytechnic university.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.278-290
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the mediating effect of learning flow and the moderated mediation effect of digital literacy on the effect of the learning presence of non-face-to-face class experience in nursing students on academic achievement. Methods: Participants were 272 nursing students from six universities in two different cities. A self-report questionnaire was used to measure learning presence, learning flow, digital literacy, and academic achievement. Analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and SPSS PROCESS Macro (4.0). Results: The mediating effect of learning flow on the effect of learning presence on academic achievement was 0.42, and the moderated mediation index of digital literacy was 0.17. Learning flow showed a mediating effect on the relationship between learning presence and academic achievement. Digital literacy had a moderated mediation effect on the relationship between learning presence and academic achievement that was mediated by learning flow. Conclusion: The intensity of the mediating effect of nursing students' learning presence on academic achievement through learning flow increases as the level of digital literacy increases. These results suggest that educational programs considering the level of learning presence, learning flow, and digital literacy are required to promote the academic achievement of nursing college students.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.307-317
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• 2019

This study is an example of the education of block coding and physical computing teaching tool for preservice teachers at the college of education. The students were familiar with coding and improved their coding skills in solving various problems through 'Entry' that support block coding. In addition, the students configured the computing system with various input / output devices of the physical computing teaching tool and controlled things through programming and produced the educational portfolio to experience the whole process of problem analysis, design, implementation, and testing in coding. We applied Flow based coding and Pair programming as the teaching methods, and the results of the survey to measure the effectiveness of the study show that students have a good understanding of the entry and physical computing teaching tool and using the combination of the entry and physical computing teaching tool were more effective in learning than the Entry-only coding. In addition, it was confirmed that the effect of Pair programming applied in the physical computing teaching tool.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.187-195
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• 2022

Recently, with interest in metaverse, attempts are being made to utilize the metaverse platform in various forms. In this paper, we focused on the educational application potential of metaverse, and developed and applied a metaverse STEAM program to provide an effective learning experience to learners in non-face-to-face educational situations. The developed program utilizes Minecraft and ZEPETO, familiar to students, as metaverse learning platforms, and consists of a total of 16 lessons of 5 modules in the form of modules so that alternative classes can take place in the educational field. Through this, the learner's change in STEAM attitude and learning satisfaction were measured, and through the developed STEAM program, the learner's interest, consideration, communication, usefulness, self-concept, self-efficacy, and career choice areas significantly increased. In addition, positive results were confirmed in all areas of the learner satisfaction test related to satisfaction, interest, and overall class. In the future, considering the characteristics of the metaverse, it is necessary to break free from the constraints of time and space to communicate anew, and various learner-centered educational approaches based on a high degree of freedom and immersion should be implemented.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.61-69
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose a multisensory(i.e., visual-auditory-tactile) based AR system for the education of cultural heritage. The proposed system provides a multisensory interaction by designing a user to experience with a 3D printed artifact which is mapped by a virtual 3D content of digital heritage. Compared with the existing systems of cultural heritage education based on augmented reality(AR) technology, this system focused on not only providing learning experience via a sense of visual and auditory, but also a sense of tactile. Furthermore, since this systems mainly provided the direct interactions using a 3D printed model, it gives a higher degree of realism than existing system that use touch or click motions on a 2D display of mobile phones and tablets. According to a result of user testing, we concluded that the proposed system delivered the excellent presence and learning flow to users. Particularly, from the usability evaluation, a 3D printed target artifact which is similar in shape to original heritage artifact, achieved the highest scores among the various tested targets.