• School Mathematics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.101-120
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• 2013

International comparative studies of students' performance in mathematics have shown that Korean students possess very negative attitudes toward mathematics, while they are ranked as one of the highest in the cognitive achievement of mathematics. This has prompted mathematics educators to seek for a way to improve the quality of mathematics education. In this context, this research has been conducted to investigate the learning style of Korean middle school students under the assumption that it is of essence to understand the characteristics of our students as mathematics learners. For the purpose, in-depth interview had been conducted and sixteen middle students participated in the interview. The students were chosen to represent the average group of their age-cohorts based on their performance in mathematics and their SES. The interview was designed as a semi-structured clinical interview. In the interview, the students were given mathematical tasks dealing with central themes in the domain of function. Each student was given about 30 to 50 minutes to solve the tasks. After an interviewee finished the tasks, s/he was asked to explained how s/he solved the tasks. The researchers asked additional questions to clarify the students' understanding of the mathematical themes in the tasks and to identify their strategies for learning mathematics. The analysis of the in-depth interview has primarily identified the characteristics of the students' understanding of the main themes in function and then has been extended to investigate their characteristic styles for learning mathematics. The analysis of the interview identified the learning styles of the students as 'inductive learning based on prototypical cases', 'repeated practice of exemplar mathematics problems', 'disengaged learning', and 'double standards in learning mathematics'. Based on the results of the analysis, this research presents the implications for the improvement of mathematics education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.623-636
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• 2017

The use of virtual reality(VR)-based interventions for students with autism spectrum disorders(ASD) has received special attention as evidence-based practices for its feasiblity, practicality, and appropriateness. However, there is little research to investigate the effects of VR-based intervention for students with ASD in Korea. This study identifies and reviews studies applying VR-based interventions. In total, 13 experimental studies were found that examine the effects of VR interventions published from 1990 to 2016. The selected studies were analyzed by 6 variables including publication year, participants, research design, independent variable, dependent variable, and outcome. The results of this study showed the feasibility of the implementing VR-based interventions in various age group students with ASD. In addition, the utilization of VR techniques was particularly effective in improving a wide range of social communication skills including facial recognition, empathy, joint attention, understanding social context, and resolving issues due to limited cognitive abilities. Several recommendations for the future study on VR-based intervention for students with ASD such as interdisciplinary approach to VR-based interventions, support needs regarding characteristics of ASD, generalization and maintenance of acquired technology, and consideration for participants' cultural background. were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.466-478
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• 2004

Regional learning in social studies has an important educational meaning in that it is a tabloid edition of social studies and it also satisfies the regionalization of national curriculum. Social studies in Korea have mainly been led by the social study curriculum of elementary school. But the local textbook which was currently used in elementary school is structured in a negative meaning of regionalization rather than positive one. It is suggested in this study that the regional learning of social studies in middle school should be pursued by the co-work of teachers and students. For this purpose, the theoretical and practical processes to develop the local textbook are compared between two distinctive localities such as Sancheong and Seosan. At first, the relative ratio among the six strands is decided to develop several themes for regional learning, considering the landscape, region-related discourses and ecological environments in each region. Secondly, several themes are extracted to organize the contents of local textbook in each region. Lastly, examples of content-organization are suggested in each region. The processes above are just an example of content-organization, not a fixed one. The process, themes extracted, and the content-organization for each region may be changed according to the school location, local situation, and the quality of classroom.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 1995

Modern geography in France since the end of 19th century was begun with regional geography. France after losing the Franco-Prussian war in 1871 had tried to regain the deteriorated national proudness through the colonial expansion. The social and historical contexts in France had encouraged French geographers to engage in detailed small area studies. In particular, after Blache became a faculty at Sorbonne University his idea on integrative rather than selective description on area studies had gained paradigmatic popularity not only in geography but in other disciplines. The regional geography tradition was then firmly established as a science and as an art by Vidalian school until the beginning of Second World War. However, when industrialization and urbanization were the dominant science since the 1950s spatial analytic geography has become popular research tradition replacing the previledged regional geography. Nevertheless, geography in France is still acknowledged as an interesting and valuable discipline since regional geography tradition had accumulated rich knowledges on various regions. As regional geography provides valuable information and helps to understand various world regions, it should be regenerated as a research tradition which are able to fulfill societal needs accruing nowadays. By doing this, geography can rectify its disciplinary identity which has been disintegrated internally by giving too much emphasis on specialties, and melding into nearby disciplines. Our geography education for the chorography in particular focuses mainly on the listings of simple geographic facts, in this regard. Rather than attracting students' concern and motivation, geography is considered as a subject oriented toward simply memorizing geographic facts. To overcome these problems, regional geography should be discussed openly and popularized in research. Regional geographic methods available and results produced in other countries should be introduced, and critical assessments should be made for selective acknowledgment for nurturing our regional geography.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.45-60
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of knowledge and perception of environmental problems on pro-environmental behavior of youth. The data used for this study were collected using questionnaire. The sample for this study consisted of 654 junior and high school students living in Seoul and Gyeong-gi Province. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The following is a summary of the major findings. (1) The significant variables affecting pro-environmental behavior of youth were need of environmental education, source of environmental knowledge, level of perception on air pollution and scarcity of resources and energy, sex and total amount of allowance of students. These variables explained 20.5% of variance of pro-environmental behavior. (2) Environmental education related variables were the best predictor of pro-environmental behavior; knowledge of environmental problem variables had limited predictive power. (3) Recommendations for teaching-learning strategies have been suggested to enhance youth's pro-environmental behavior in school.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2006

As teenagers' Internet use increases and Internet takes an important part in their everyday lives, many people become concerned with Internet addiction. In this study, I attempt to analyze the current status of teenagers' Internet addiction using an evaluation tool developed for students, and to compare elementary students' Internet addiction level with secondary students. Also I analyze factors affecting Internet addiction. For the analysis, 18 variables are selected from the areas such as demographic background, the experience of Internet use, family-related traits and social activities. A survey was conducted to 1,155 elementary students and 1,822 secondary students selected from nationwide schools. The main finding of this study is that among the elementary students 5.0% of the sample students are in the stage of serious addiction, and 19.7% in the stage of early addiction. In addition, the level of elementary students' Internet addiction is significantly higher than the level of secondary students. Also, the degree of elementary students' Internet addiction is significantly affected by some factors such as gender, surfing time, surfing purpose, satisfaction with parental relationship, parents' interference in Internet use, conversation frequency among family members, and satisfaction with school life.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.168-177
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• 2004

Objectives : This study was done to develop Korean form of Reynolds' SIQ-JR(Suicidal Ideational Questionnaire-Junior). Through this study we evaluated reliability and validity of Korean form SIQ-JR. Methods : Subjects were 1,160 middle and high school students and 114 adolescent psychiatric patients. SIQ-JR and 8 self-reporting scales highly related with suicidal ideation and suicide behaviors were applied to them. Results : In reliability aspect of Korean form of SIQ-JR, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and item-total correlation were statistically significant results. In factor analysis, concerning about other person was extracted as a indepenedent factor. This results reflect our cultural characteristics. There were statistical differences of SIQ-JR scores in groups by sex and age. Clinical group showed significantly(P<0.01) higher scores than general population. Among the 8 suicidal relating scales, depression(r=0.42), aggression(r=0.36), trait anxiety(r=0.35), and anger-in(r=0.31) were highly related with suicidal ideation but impulsivity and hopelessness were not significantly related with suicidal ideation. Conclusion : Korean form of SIQ-JR was useful instrument in reliability and validity. We hope that this instrument widely used in school mental health, community psychiatry and clinical setting for screening tool.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.203-220
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the importance of entrepreneurs' well-being, and to propose several ways to improve it. First, the factors influencing entrepreneurs' well-being were explored via previous literature review, and positive psychological capital based on positive psychology was selected as the main factor. In addition, the hypotheses were formulated and the research model was constructed by selecting authentic leadership, mastery goal orientation, and social support as the antecedents predictably associated with positive psychological capital. To empirically analyze the proposed model, a questionnaire survey was conducted for the entrepreneurs who fulfilled the training/coaching/consulting programs offered by the Youth Startup Academy. By using the collected 133 responses, PLS-Structural Equation Analysis, PLS-Multi Group Analysis(MGA), and PLS-Importance-Performance Map Analysis(IPMA) were performed. As a result, it was found that positive psychological capital had a high causal relationship with the well-being of entrepreneurs; and authentic leadership and mastery goal orientation had a positive effect on positive psychological capital. However, the statistical significance of the impact of social support has not been verified. While differences in causality between early and growing stages of start-ups only acted as sub-factors of positive psychological capital, the aforementioned three antecedents showed a significant difference for hope and optimism, respectively. This study expanded the topic of entrepreneurship-related research, which mostly focuses on identifying the performance factors of start-ups. It is meaningful in that it empirically verified the causality model constructed by exploring the factors with respect to the mental well-being of entrepreneurs, which is a main theme in the entrepreneurship-related research. These results found in the current study will render practical insights to entrepreneurs, researchers, and educators.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.14-15
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• 2003

중의학은 서양의 의료 다원주의의 한 부분이 되었다. 특히 침과 같이 서양의 개념과는 분명히 다른 의료 기법에 있어서는 두드러진다. 그밖에 뜸, 안마, 기공, 중약 및 복합 처방들도 있다. 서양에서 전문직업인화는 보건의료 관련분야에서 중심적인 인력양성 방법이 되었다. 이는 대학이 기반을 다진 중세까지 거슬러 올라가는데, 19세기에는 법인들이 전문직업인 모임으로 바뀌어 가면서 개인적 환경을 변화시키고 직업의 체계를 개발하였다. 변호사, 교사, 사제, 의사가 그 예이다. 의료에 있어서 학교교육을 통해 수련된 의사들이 조산사나 안마사들을 지배하게 되었는데 이런 경향은 1950-60년대에 극에 달한다. 그러다가 이들의 지배는 대중매체, 환자, 다른 주변 의료 보조인력들에 의해 도전을 받는다. 이와 비슷한 양상을 이단적인 의료에서도 관찰할 수 있다. 전문직업인의 우세와 시점이 비슷한 생물의학의 우월적 지배는 많은 다양한 의료에 의해 도전을 받는다. 그러나 생물의학의 우월함의 약세가 시술자들의 전문직업인화 까지를 포함하지는 않았다. 실제로 침술과 같은 치료술들을 전문직업인인 의사나 의사가 아닌 시술자들이 함께 쓰고 있기 때문이다. 이는 직능간의 분쟁을 야기할 가능성이 높다. 이단적 개념을 기존 의료계로 통합하는 것이 전문직업인들인 의사들의 노력으로 이해되었다. 이 견해는 두 가지 문제를 내포하고 있는데, 첫째 의사들을 단일한 속성으로 보고 있다는 것인데, 실제로 현대의학을 배우고 가르치는 나라들 사이에도 매우 다양한 차이가 있음을 간과하고 있다. 둘째로 의료인이 아닌 시술자들도 다양한 분야로 통합되었는데, 통합은 어쩌면 하급의 전문인들의 노력의 결과로 설명되어야 하는 것이 더 알맞을 수 있다. 그러나 이들도 전문직업인의 조직구조를 가져야 만 하고, 그렇지 않으면 파편으로 남을 것이다. 전문직업인주의는 언제나 과학과 연계하고 있는데, 독일 정부와 직업인 조직은 의료과학 집단에게 이단적 시술들의 임상효과를 검증하게 하였다. 이것은 이단 의료계에 우호적인 단체나 적대적인 단체 모두에게 적용되었다. 매우 강한 힘을 가진 냉소적인 조직 가운데 하나는 National Committee of SHI-Physicians and Sickness Funds(Bundesausschuss der Arzte und Krankenkassen).2 인데, 2001년에, 이 단체에서 출판한 자료에는 침의 효용성은 침을 시술하는 사람에 달린 것 일뿐 시술자의 수련이나 침 시술의 배경 개념에 달려있는 것이 아니다. 그러므로 침은 무작위 표본추출 대조군 실험을 통해 효과를 검증받지 못한 다른 치료법들의 범주에 머물러 있다.(cf. Bundesausschuss 2001: 8). 1990년대, 무작위 표본추출 대조군 실험은 생물의학이 아닌 의료의 효과를 검증하는데 알맞지 않고 비윤리적이라고 강한 비판을 받았다. 한편 1995년에 WHO는 침의 유효성 평가를 위해 이 실험기법을 추천하며, 이어 2001년에, the International Council of Medical Acupuncture and Related Techniques(ICMART)는 침연구와 시술을 위한 헌장(Acupuncture Charter Berlin an Evidence Based Medicine (EBM)3 for acupuncture)을 채택 공표한다. 독일 보험 회사들도 침의 효과와 효율성을 검증하기 위해 대규모 실험을 시작했다. 100,000 명이 넘는 환자들이 무작위 표본추출 대조군 실험을 통해 평가되고 있는데 이 실험은 병원이나 일차의료기관의 외래에서 진행되고 있다. 영국에서는 이 분야의 유력한 Edzard Ernst가 위의 개념과 비슷한 구도를 설정 공표하는데 보완의학 분야의 많은 다른 전문가들의 견해를 무릎 쓰고, 그는 증거기반 의학에 대한 그의 신념을 표방한다. "무작위 표본추출 대조군 실험이 보환의학 분야의 시술을 검증하기 위한 알맞은 방법이 아니라고 끝없이 주장하지만 우리는 거의 모든 치료법을 포괄하는 분야에 이들 실험을 발견하였으니, 이는 보완의학도 엄정한 방법으로 검증할 수 있다는 것을 보여준다고 할 수 있다."(Ernst et al. 2001: xiii). 적어도 독일에서 진행중인 효과 검증 연구가 향후 아시아 의학의 기반 마련에 중요한 역할을 하게 될 것이다. 영국에서는 이에 대한 정치적 수렴이 전문 직업인화에 달려 있을 것이다. 여기에서 나는 아시아에서 유래한 의료의 서양에서 어떻게 사회학적 관찰의 대상으로 분류되고 정의되는지 소개하고자 한다.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.225-243
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• 2013

This study was to analyze the effects of basic computational abilities using G-learning contents, which was developed for mathematically slow learners. The participant students were 146 mathematically slow learners in grade 3-6 in Seoul. The researchers analyzed the difference between pre and post test scores to check their effectiveness. Also, teachers and parents as well as students responded survey items to check dispositions and satisfactions towards the program. The research results showed that the application of the G-learning contents on basic computation areas was effective to develop students' basic computational skills. In addition, students also showed that they were satisfied studying basic computations with the G-learning contents. They had increased beliefs about and decreased difficulties in mathematics. Parents and teachers also had satisfactions in using the G-learning programs in spite of some negative effects such as errors in the contents, use of computers, and concentration on the game itself. For the improvement of G-learning contents, we need to keep studying on G-learning contents with wide range of areas and long term studies.