• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 2003

The piezoelectric thin film(PVDF: polyvinylidene fluoride) sensors having good dynamic sensing charachteristics can be used to monitor low vwlocit impact on composite structures. The impact response function for composite sandwich beam was derved. The impact tests at low energy without inducing damage were performed on the instrumented drop weight impact tester. The measured signals of PVDF sensors attached on the surface of the beam agreed well with the simulated signals. And the inverse technique was applied to reconstruct the impact forces from the PVDF sensor signals. Most of reconstructed impact forces showed good agreement with the measured forces. The comparison results showed that the piezoelectric thin film sensor can be used to monitor the low velocity impact on composite sandwich structures.

• Composites Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.7-13
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• 2002

The piezoelectric thin film sensor has good characteristics to observe the impact responses of composite structures. The capabilities for monitoring impact behavior of Gr/Ep laminates subjected to damage-induced impact using the PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) film sensor were examined. For a series of low-velocity impact tests from low energy to damage-induced energy, simulated sensor signals were compared with measured signals and the PVDF film sensor. Local impact damages(matrix cracking and delamination) were found at three impact tests, but the measured signals agreed well with the simulated sensor signals based on the linear relationship between the impact forces and the PVDF film sensor signals. And the inverse technique was applied to reconstruct the impact forces using the PVDF film sensor signals. Most of reconstructed impact forces had good agreement with the measured forces. The comparison results showed that the local damage due. to low-velocity impact didn't disturb the global impact responses of composite laminates and the reconstruction of impact forces from PVDF sensor signals wasn't affected by the local damage.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2008

High speed camera is very important and essential device to analyze the motion of fast moving object in detail. This paper describes the basic concepts of the high speed film camera and high speed digital camera and the history and future technical trends in high speed camera industry. In addition, application field of high speed camera in Korea as well as other countries and future plan to use high speed camera in Naro Space Center has been descried.

• Composites Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.26-33
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• 2005

The mechanical properties of composite materials may severely degrade in the presence of damage. Especially, the high-velocity impact such as bird strike, a hailstorm, and a small piece of tire or stone during high taxing, can cause considerable damage to the structures and sub-system in spite of a very small mass. However, it is not easy to detect the damage in composite plates using a single technique or any conventional methods. In this paper, the PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) film sensors were used for monitoring high-velocity impact damage initiation and propagation in composite laminates. The WT(wavelet transform) and STFT(short time Fourier transform) are used to decompose the sensor signals. A ultrasonic C-scan and a digital microscope are also used to examine the extent of the damage in each case. This research shows how various sensing techniques, PVDF sensor in particular, can be used to characterize high-velocity impact damage in advanced composite.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.539-544
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• 2020

A three-dimensional (3D) porous polyaniline (PANI) film was fabricated by a combined photo-and soft-lithography technique based on a large-area nanopillar array, followed by a controlled chemical dilute polymerization. The as-obtained 3D PANI film consisted of hierarchically interconnected PANI nanofibers, resulting in a 3D hierarchical nanoweb film with a large surface and open porous structure. Using electrochemical measurements, the resulting 3D PANI film was demonstrated as a flexible pH sensor electrode, exhibiting a high sensitivity of 60.3 mV/pH, which is close to the ideal Nernstian behavior. In addition, the 3D PANI electrode showed a fast response time of 10 s, good repeatability, and good selectivity. When the 3D PANI electrode was measured under a mechanically bent state, the electrode exhibited a high sensitivity of 60.4 mV/pH, demonstrating flexible pH sensor performance.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.226-231
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• 1999

Pyroelectric infrared sensors have been fabricated using P(VDF/TrFE) film with pyroelectric effect. The weight percent and thickness of the poled P(VDF/TrFE) film are 75/25 percent and $25\;{\mu}m$ respectively. For easier fabrication and connection method new top and bottom electrodes design was adapted for human body detecting pyroelectric infrared sensor. An aluminum infrared absorption electrode and bottom electrode were deposited by thermal evaporator. And the device was mounted in TO-5 housing to detect infrared light of $5.5{\sim}14\;{\mu}m$ wavelength. The responsibility, NEP (noise equivalent power) and specific detectivity $D^*$ of the device were $9.62{\times}10^5\;V/W$, $3.95{\times}10^{-7}\;W$ and $5.06{\times}10^5\;cm/W$ under emission energy of $13\;{\mu}W/cm^2$ respectively.

• Composites Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.31-36
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• 2010

A new material, carbon-nanofiber/polypyrrole (CNF/PPy) composite films, with different CNF weight ratios were fabricated electrochemically. Compared to the fabrication process based on simple physical mixing, the flexibility of the new film has been improved much better than the previous similar material. Pure PPy films were also fabricated by the new electrochemical process for the comparison of difference. Several SEM images were taken at two locations (electrode-side and solution-side) and at the cross section of the samples. Electrical conductivity of the composite films was measured by the four-probe method. The conductivity of the pure PPy film 0.013cm thick was 79.33S/cm. The CNF/PPy composite film with 5% CNF showed a conductivity of 93S/cm. One with 10% CNF showed a conductivity of 126 S/cm. The conductivity of PPy improves, as the CNF weight ratio increases. The good conductivity of CNF/PPy composites makes them a candidate for a small bending actuator. A bending sensor consists of PPy and PVDF, which can be operated in the air, was designed and the bending deflection was calculated using FEM.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.288-289
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• 2011

압전 효과에 기초한 셀룰로오스 압전 종이의 진동센서 응용 가능성을 알아보았다. EAPap (Electroactive paper)은 재생과정과 테입 캐스팅을 이용해 만들었으며, 얇은 적층 필름을 이용해 코팅하였다. EAPap 샘플을 알루미늄 외팔보에 부착하여 진동 실험을 수행하였다. EAPap 센서의 출력을 비교하기 위해 가속도계를 이용하여 보의 응답 특성을 동시에 측정하였으며, 유한요소법을 이용해 보의 동특성을 구하여 비교하였다. EAPap 센서는 주위 환경 노이즈의 영향을 많이 받았는데, 접지와 절연을 통해 이러한 노이즈의 영향을 많이 감소시킬 수 있었으며, 실험결과로부터 EAPap의 진동센서 응용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.15-22
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• 2003

A film scanner is one of the input devices for ac acquiring high resolution and high qualify of digital images from the existing optical film. Recently the demand of film scanners have risen for experts of image printing and editing fields. However, due to the nonlinear characteristic of light source and sensor, colors of the original film image do not correspond to the colors of the scanned image. Therefore color correction for the scanned digital image is essential in film scanner. In this paper, neural network method is applied for the color correction to CIE L/sup *//a/sup *//b/sup */ color model data converted from RGB color model data. Also a film scanner hardware with 12 bit color resolution for each R, G, B and 2400 dpi is implemented by using the TMS320C32 DSP chip and high resolution line sensor. An experimental result shows that the average color correction rate is 79.8%, which is an improvement of 43.5% than our previous method, polygonal regression method.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.361-366
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• 2004

The poling characteristics of PVDF (poly(vinylidene fluoride)) film was investigated by measuring the electric voltage generated by the external load for the distributed tactile sensor applications. The poling conditions for the PVDF films were controlled by changing temperature and electric field, and the resulting crystal structure of the $\beta$-phase crystal was confirmed by FT-IR, DSC, and XRD experiments. The $\beta$-phase crystal was increased with the poling temperature and poling voltage, and subsequently the permittivity of the Poled PVDF films was increased. Finally, the prototype tactile sensor was tested by a 8 $\times$ 8 may circuit exhibiting high voltage signal for the highly poled PVDF films.