• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 2010

A field investigation was carried out for two years to analyze yield loss due to soybean anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum truncatum and to determine its economic threshold limit. Anthracnose severity in terms of % diseased pods was negatively correlated with yield, number of normal seeds per plant and number of pods per plant, and positively correlated with % abnormal seeds with correlation coefficients of -0.85, -0.78, -0.64, and 0.80, respectively. A simple linear regression model was obtained as Y=-1.7781X+164.22 with $R^2$=0.8092, when the soybean yields (Y) were predicted using anthracnose severity (X) as an independent variable. The yield levels could be predicted as high as 80.92%. Based on this equation, spray threshold without economic considerations was estimated as 6.9 in % pods infected with anthracnose. Economic threshold limit and economic spray threshold able to compensate the costs of fungicide sprays were determined as 11.9% and 9.5%, respectively.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.53-74
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• 1991

Interest on ocean environment has increased with the development of industrialized activities. Public marine resorces are defined broadly to include fish stocks, beaches, marine waters, recreational fishing, biota, waterfowls, shorebirds, seabirds and marine mammals But, it is not easy to analyze compensation for injury to publicly owned marine resources because the claimants do not exist clearly and the economic methodology of damage on public goods is not developed fully. This paper introduces basic idea of welfare economic theory and environmental legislation to the research question : How the economics and law can be applied to the case of damage on publicly owned marine resource. The paper discusses the concepts of willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to accept (WTA). It is accepted generally that WTA is correct concept of welfare change in the case of damaged public goods. Four methods (compensating variation, equivalent variation, compensating surplus, equivalent surplus of measuring welfare changes are compared. Compensating variation(CV) is the best measure of welfare changes are compared. Compensating variation(CV) is the best measure of welfare changes caused by environmental damage. Vartia (1983) showed CV could be measured from the ordinary demand function using the differential equations. This paper also provides an overview of the emerging U.S. and Korea legal system for compensation for natural resource damages, with particular emphasis on U.S. legal system under Comprehensive Environmen-tal Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). These regulations are to include two different types of standardized procedures for assessing natural resources injury : Type A or simplified assessment techniques for small releases ; and Type B protocols that would include detailed and extensive assessment methodologies for major releases. Type A procedures are specified by Natural Resources Damage Assessment Model for Coastal and Marine Environment (NRDAM/CME) of the U.S. CERCLA provides a legal 'legitimization for the use of economic-based nonmarket valuation in the courts and have introduced appropriate and accurate nonmarket valuation methods based on willingness to-pay for damage assessment. By briefly reviewing economic theory and environmental legislation, we hope to help provide a better understanding of the compensation process and the economics of publicly owned marine resources in the U.S. and to integrate the economics and law of natural resources valuation into a single comprehensive package in Korea.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.68-78
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• 2010

The purpose of this study, fire officials during the field activities find causes fugitive dust of containing asbestos is the seriousness of the phenomenon is a threat case and through questionnaires, during on-site activities to prevent exposure to asbestos is effectively. Analysis of the relationship to field activities of fire officials and about the dangers of asbestos dust, asbestos cancer caused by asbestos, and to protect fire officials from the same disease like malignant mesothelioma, by varying the conditions of irrational, fire officials at the scene activities in advance of a deadly hazard is aimed to eliminate through optimization of organizational management and a safe and pleasant working conditions for fire officials through the deadly hazards at the scene of action is aimed to obviate. Also according to asbestos exposure by wearing protective equipment as well as thoroughly strengthen firefighting, firefighting awards to recognize the seriousness of the hazard factors, disease and provide compensation to the legal system, for diseases not yet recognized officially recognized by disaster supplemented by institutional, fire officials to improve morale and working conditions, etc. versus expectations is to improve public services.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.57
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• pp.263-278
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• 2001

Most of countries considered a developing tourism as local development, which was far away from the meaning of promoting local manufacturing industry. Korea, too, focused on developing tourism as one of local economic development plans. However this point

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.153-159
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• 2012

The Hebei Spirit oil pollution accident which occurred in Tae-an in 2007 has brought considerable impacts on the surrounding environment such as struggles among the regions and the residents in the damaged area as well as devastation of local economy and ocean environment. The majority of the impact was related with economic problem. Also, the main factor to cause the regional community conflict was found to be firstly economic problems and secondly the insufficiency of government's management system and policy measures for the community conflicts. Therefore, the government's policy to overcome oil accidents should focus on improvement of the economic support systems and conflict resolution. In this study, the support policies taken by government after the Hebei Spirit accident was examined and responsive policies which can be used by government in future accidents are suggested.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.467-476
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• 2014

According to the expanding of construction machinery works, the number of civil complaints demanding compensations are increasing continuously from surrounding residents due to the noise from construction fields. However, the noise is usually managed restrictedly during the construction phase rather than prevented in advance. So, the efforts to solve the noise problem are occurring only after complaints have been made. Also, excessive cost and time consuming in order to solve the complaints negatively affects to construction companies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop an optimized scheduling process model for controlling the noise in construction field by considering the planned time, cost, and the number of equipment before construction. In addition, this process model is expected to provide a useful information about the cost comparison between the original planned cost plus compensation and the optimized cost considering noise limitation so that the site managers can manage their projects effectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.287-290
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• 2014

The Large-scale Agricultural & Livestock Products consists largely of distribution at The nation's of school and military foods. but false information on the Agricultural & Livestock Products in a safe food supply has become a social issue. The food suppliers deliver food resource in a school-large food establishments such as Change to domestic high-quality Livestock products from low-quality foreign Livestock products, Change to eco-friendly agricultural produce from normal agricultural produce, Change to fresh vegetables from contaminated vegetables. In this paper, e-Discovery system applies to the methods and security of incorrect logistics information and evidential data about illegal products of agriculture & livestock, it is necessary as studies about compensation and liability.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.877-883
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• 2023

For safe operation of ships and management of marine fisheries farms, the data set that extracts the boundaries of marine fisheries farms can provide information on obstacles in the vessel's navigation path in advance by examining whether it matches the fishing ground permit area. In addition, it can be used to determine whether fish farms are operating to compensate for damage caused by marine accidents, and the relevant local government can use it to manage fishing grounds. It is also highly utilized as basic data to identify obstacles for safe navigation of ships. In this study, Sentinel-2 satellite image data from the European Space Agency (ESA) was used to extract the boundaries of fish farms. From the video image, the fish farm's status data by cycle was divided into five zones: Busan-Ulsan area, Geoje-Changwon area, Goseong-Tongyeong area, and Namhae-Sacheon area. Through the image highlighting process, the farm boundary data and meta data were processed and extracted.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.315-343
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• 2018

In the event of an air accident, the media and members of the general public pay attention to the victim of the accident and are deeply concerned about their actions and rewards. However, through the accident of Air China(CCA) Flight 129, which occurred in 2002, we were able to confirm that it is a real problem that the victims of the air accident as well as the victims suffer much suffering and serious aftermath. Nevertheless, Korea's system for assistance the families of victims of air accident is very poor. On the other hand, when Trans-World Airlines(TWA) Flight 800 exploded and crashed over the Atlantic Ocean in 1996, the United States enacted a law to assistance the families of the victims of the accident. According to this law, systematic assistance and management of not only the victims of the accident but also their families, minimize the additional damage of victims and victims' families and help them to get rid of the accident after the accident. In particular, the measures taken by the US authorities in response to an accident in which an Asiana Airlines flight(AAR) 214 crashed during a landing at San Francisco International Airport in 2013, made a lot of suggestions for us to assistance the victims and their families in an air accident. The purpose of this paper is to suggest the necessity of improving the system for victims and victim's family assistance in air accident. In this paper, we analyze the domestic and foreign legal systems and related cases in past accidents, identify the deficiencies of the Korean system, and derive the necessity to improve the related system. It is also important to make sure that victims' families are relieved from early psychological and economic shocks and that the results of accident investigations are reliable. Relevant ministries, airlines, and related agencies should recognize that prompt and systematic assistance and cooperation is needed to ensure that victims and families are relieved of the impact and confidence in the investigation, as is the case in the United States. In addition, efforts should be made to supplement the related laws for the assistance of aircraft victims and victims' families, to establish manuals for implementation, to plan and to implement them promptly in the event of an accident. To achieve this, it is necessary to establish regulations for the legal institutionalization of the roles and responsibilities of national and state agencies on victims of aviation accidents and family assistance. And the victim and family assistance plan that the airline has to submit to it, as specified in the current law, need to specify that item. In addition, new and supplemented contents should be integrated into a single clause or proposed as a separate special law for the purpose of applying a clear law.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

Strong Critics of' Moral Hazard, due to plummeting severely their stock price down and damage falling on plain investor, has been skyrocketed against massively and simultaneously exercising stock option right of C-Level members in Stock market listed startups right after IPO regardless of proper and legal process followed. Korean Financial Supervisory Board initiate new act of extending to apply'Lock-up Rule'even to stock option of core interest group after IPO. However, it will cause startups and venture more difficulties to recruit top level of talented staffs. This paper aims to propose RSU(Restricted Stock Unit) as alternative to breakthrough the current deadlock issue with respect to stock option controversy many startups facing. This paper to meet goal, first, including Korean introducing status of RSU, it clarify the concept of RSU by comparing exploration with Restricted Stock and define characteristic of RSU by comparing Stock Option. Second, it bring more effective ways of startups introducing RSU in Korea overcoming its limitations and challenges. Third, it carry out FGI to legal expert deeply involved of introducing RSU in Korea at policy domain. FGI focus on defining core challenging factors and their level of huddles of introducing RSU in Korea with proposing breakthrough policies to landing RSU softly in Korea. Fourth, it suggest valid policies of introducing and stabilizing RSU in Korea completely. This paper expect some contributions Korean startups and venture on finding market friendly right breakthrough out of stock option dilemma currently in.