• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.61-70
• /
• 2002

This paper presents the engineering property of light weight soil made of soil mixed with recycled Styrofoam and stabilizer. Recycled Styrofoam is widely used for lightweight fill material because it has important geotechnical characteristics which are light, adiabatic, and effective for vibration interception. It is very easy to get the disposal styrofoam. For this study, dynamic compaction test, static compaction test and pH and leaching tests were performed. Based on the test results, it is concluded that the static compaction method is recommened to prevent from crushing materials and pH values of embankment materials are satisfied with these of domestic and RCRA configuration.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
• /
• 2009.04a
• /
• pp.346-351
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 화재시 많은 인명피해가 예상되는 공동 주택을 대상으로 단위공간별 화재 성상을 예측하기 위한 실물화재실험을 실시하였다. 구성된 실물화재모델은 비교적 가연물량이 많은 침실과 화재 발생 위험도가 높은 주방을 대상으로 하였으며, 실험 모델에 구성된 단위품목은 일반주택의 가연물을 선조사 한 후 선정하였다. 실험결과 침실의 경우 점화 후 약 5분이 경과되었을 때 플래쉬오버 상태에 이르게 되어 매우 급격한 성장을 보였으며, 최대 열방출율 약 7433.3 kW, 최대 일산화탄소 578.6 ppm, 최대 이산화탄소 1.25ppm, 내부 최대온도 1350$^{\circ}$로 측정 되었다. 특히, 화재 발생 초기에 가연 공간에서 화재의 진화가 이루어지지 않으면 약 3분 내에 인체에 급격한 피해를 줄 수 있는 한계온도 이상으로 화재가 성장하기 때문에 신속한 초기 대응이 필요함을 확인하였다. 이러한 실물화 재실험에서 얻어낸 결과는 향후 화재확대 예측 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교함으로써 각 용도별 공간에서의 화재 확산 예측에 적용 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2023.05a
• /
• pp.55-56
• /
• 2023

항만배후단지는 항만과 인접한 배후공간으로 항만의 기능이 더욱 활성화될 수 있도록 지원한다. 하지만, 국내 항만배후단지는 단순한 항만물류지원기능에 국한되어 있으며 인프라 시설, 정책 및 지원, 투자 미흡 등으로 인하여 항만배후단지 활성화에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 국내 항만배후단지 업체별 내부자료를 바탕으로 DEA 분석 및 생산성 분석을 진행하여 국내 항만배후단지의 종합적인 정책방향을 도출하고자 하였다. DEA 분석결과 창고업의 경우 광양항 서측, 인천항 북항 항만배후단지가 효율적인 것으로 나타났으며, 제조업의 경우 인천항 북항, 울산항 1공구 항만배후단지가 효율적으로 나타났다. 또한, 외국인 투자규모별 생산성의 경우 광양항 서측, 평택당진항 1단계 항만배후단지가 높게 나타났으며, 시설 투자규모별 생산성은 광양항 서측, 인천항 북항 항만배후단지가 높은 생산성을 보였다. 마지막으로, 노동생산성은 인천항 북항, 부산항 웅동 항만배후단지가 가장 높은 생산성을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 항만배후단지 입주기업 선정 시 취급품목이 효율성에 중요한 영향을 주며, 외국인 투자규모, 시설 투자규모, 종업원 수가 항만배후단지의 생산성 향상으로 직결되고 있지 않다는 것을 나타낸다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.861-869
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the purchasing status and to compare supplier performance evaluations between competitive bidding and negotiated contracts in school foodservice in Changwon, Korea. A total of 190 questionnaires were distributed and 167 (return rate 87.9%) were collected from June 29 to September 28, 2010, and then a total of 151 (analysis rate 79.5%) were used for the final analysis. First, 91.4% of food product purchases for school meals were contracted through competitive bidding, especially limited competitive bidding. It mainly consisted of agricultural products, processed food, and eco-friendly agricultural products (fruit). Second, 78.8% of schools purchased food products by negotiated contracts, while single negotiation accounted for 59.7%. Food products by negotiated contract consisted of meat, kimchi, and fish. Third, the purchase status of competitive bidding and negotiated contracts showed a significant difference in agricultural products (p<0.001), fish (p<0.001), meats (p<0.001), poultry (p<0.001), antibiotic-free poultry (p<0.001), eco-friendly grain (p<0.001), eco-friendly agricultural products (fruit) (p<0.001), eco-friendly processed food (p<0.001), processed products (p<0.001), milk (p<0.001) and general grain (p<0.001) except for kimchi. Fourth, comparative analysis of supplier performance evaluation (on a 5-point Likert scale) of school foodservice showed that price of product of competitive bidding (3.73) was significantly higher than that of negotiated contract (2.95) (p<0.001), and the overall performance level of the negotiated contract (3.85) was significantly higher than that of competitive bidding (3.61) (p<0.01). The supplier performance evaluation levels of product packaging (p<0.01), product quality at the time of delivery (p<0.001), hygiene of products (p<0.001), consistency to specification (p<0.001), swiftness of return and exchange (p<0.001), emergency delivery (p<0.001), service of delivery staff (p<0.05), and handling of complaints (p<0.001) of negotiated contracts were significantly higher than those of competitive bidding of school foodservice. In conclusion, school foodservice selected food suppliers both by adopting competitive bidding and negotiated contracts. And there was a significant difference of school foodservice supplier performance between competitive bidding and negotiated contracts in Changwon, Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.133-146
• /
• 2010

The objective of this study is to develop a supply chain-based freight distribution channel choice model considering shippers' logistics behaviors which will be used for freight demand estimation. For this purpose, this study utilized the distribution channel data of the petrochemical and automobile industries collected by KTDB center. The distribution channel choice models for these industries were developed by including transport mode, time, cost, and shipment size. It was found that the multinomial logit model with transport cost, time and shipment size is the best, and as shipment increases, bigger transport mode is preferred. Generally direct distribution channel with small truck was preferred over the one using distribution center and/or big truck.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.111-120
• /
• 2016

This study is intended to provide legislative direction for fire products life expectancy. Domestic and international laws relating to fire products life expectancy have been reviewed, and the results of a Fire Safety Manager Consciousness (FSMC) survey were analyzed. The FSMC survey has been designed in order to assist with the establishment of appropriate fire safety policy. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 660 fire safety administrators from 17 municipal and provincial districts, with the intention of gaining expertise on the extension of life-span for 32 fire products. The survey also asked for candidates opinions on future policy direction. Based on the survey results and the review of policies within other nations, we have devised a set of policy issues with the intention of extending the life-span of fire-safety items. The survey result revealed that 79.3% of Fire Safety Managers (FSMs) concurred with the establishment of legislation regarding the maintenance and correct care of fire-safety products. Overall, over 30% of FSMs were in favor of regulations regarding Ddry chemical fire extinguishers (77.3%), fire detectors (44.6%), fire hoses (44.4%), gaseous agent fire extinguisher (40.6%), automatic descending life lines (36.2%), exit lights (35.9%), air respirators (35.9%), extinguishing systems for residential cooking facilities (33.9%), automatic spray-type extinguishing units (33.9%), emergency lights (31.2%), and gas leakage detectors (30.7%). Especially, among these, dry chemical fire extinguishers (60.0%), detectors (20.0%), and fire hose (18.8%) were identified as the fire products primarily in need of maintenance legislation. The general consensus is that fire products older than 10 years need to be replaced. Based on the survey results, there was general agreement that fire product life expectancy is in need of legislation. This study recommends the introduction of fire product life expectancy legislation in phases.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2012

Recently, the study in efficient operation, maintenance, and equipment-design have been growing rapidly in military industry to meet the required missions. Through out these studies, the importance of Concurrent Spare Parts(CSP) are emphasized. The CSP, which is critical to the operation and maintenance to enhance the availability, is offered together when a equipment is delivered. Despite its significance, th responsibility for determining the range and depth of CSP are done from administrative decision rather than engineering analysis. The purpose of the paper is to optimize the number of CSP per item using simulation and multiple regression. First, the result, as the change of operational availability, was gained from changing the number of change in simulation model. Second, mathematical regression was computed from the input and output data, and the number of CSP was optimized by multiple regression and linear programming; the constraint condition is the cost for optimization. The advantage of this study is to respond with the transition of constraint condition quickly. The cost per item is consistently altered in the development state of equipment. The speed of analysis, that simulation method is continuously performed whenever constraint condition is repeatedly altered, would be down. Therefore, this study is suitable for real development environment. In the future, the study based on the above concept improves the accuracy of optimization by the technical progress of multiple regression.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2006

Objectives : This study has attempted to establish an organized system for the microbiological quality of raw materials which are important factors in preparing the standard for microbial limits. Methods : This study has first set up microbial contamination limit test. total aerobic microbial count and total fungi count, int accordance with testing method of the Korea Pharmacopeia 8th edition in order to establish an inspection standard for microbial contamination. Results : The microbial contamination of 18 items that are highly prone to contamination by three regions(Seoul, Daejeon, Gyeongsangbuk-do), As a result, Morus alba Linne and Rehmannia glutimosa Liboschitz var. purpurea Makino showed as high contaminated by WHO's Microbial Contamination Limit standard. In case of Yukjin medicine in the Theory of Herb Medicinal Properties, total bacterial contamination rate showed as 17.7%, total fungal contamination rate showed as 41.2% and total aerobic mircobial count and total fungi count on Ephedra sinica Stapf. Pinellia ternate Breitenbach, Evodia officinalis Dode showed as high measured. The microbial conatmination rate materials which make up Yukmijihwanghwan were mostly high therefore the total aerobic microbial count was measured as high in case of Yukmijihwanghwan, the characteristics about microbial contamination strain is to be researched. Conclusions : By combining the basic data and experimental results related to microbial contamination of herb medicine, the most ideal storage standards for herb medicine has been attempted to be presented.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.262-269
• /
• 2021

The Ministry of National Defense is re-establishing the role of the Army in accordance with the defense reform and is promoting the Warrior Platform, a next-generation individual combat system. The Warrior Platform project is divided into three stages and is being promoted. In the first stage, the quality and performance of individual items are improved, in the second stage, items between system development are integrated, and in the third stage, the combat capability is maximized by developing an integrated unit weapon system. In this paper, detailed sub-items for the five essential required competencies (survival, lethality, mobility, sustainability, Communication) that are considered for building an effective warrior platform are presented. We also present a plan that can be used to prepare a specific master plan for the Army's Warrior Platform project by using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and selecting the priority of the five required capabilities and detailed sub-items for different unit types. As a result of analyzing the priorities of the four types of units with different mission types, we find that there are differences for each unit. These results are expected to be used as useful reference materials for setting the future direction for the development of warrior platform.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
• /
• no.42
• /
• pp.145-156
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate status survey on flower products with high sales by item and peak season. The survey was implemented for 103 people who are running flower shop and are members of association for Engineer Floral Design who are acquired Craftsman Floral Design and Engineer Floral Design. The result of this study, the peak season for the sale of flower product is showed May (52.0%) and February (24.3%). The reason for the selection was in May, month of family, teacher's day, etc. in February, personnel transfer and graduation ceremony. As a result of researching flower products with high sales volume by category, Cut flowers were ranked the first place of bouquet (51.5%%, 40.3%) and the second place of basket (28.8%, 37.5%) on annual and peak season. And also, Corsage, which was 6^th (1.8%) in the annual sales volume survey, increased to 3^rd (8.0%) during peak season. Pot plants were ranked 1st of foliage plant (50.6%, 51.3%) and 2nd tropical orchid·oriental orchids (27.4%, 28.3%) on annual and peak season. And also, Charcoal and bonsai, which were unresponsive in the annual sales survey, increased sales volume to 0.7% and 2.6%, respectively, during peak season. Processed flowers were highest ranked dry flower (45.3%, 39.5%), preserved flower (27.7%, 37.2%) on both non peak season and peak season. And then followed by artificial flower, pressed flower and collage.