Journal of Korean Society of Transportation (대한교통학회지)

Korean Society of Transportation (대한교통학회)
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Supply Chain-based Freight Distribution Channel Choice Model using Distribution Channel Analysis

유통경로분석을 통한 공급사슬기반의 화물유통경로선택모형 개발

  • Received : 2010.10.04
  • Accepted : 2010.12.24
  • Published : 2010.12.31
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Abstract

The objective of this study is to develop a supply chain-based freight distribution channel choice model considering shippers' logistics behaviors which will be used for freight demand estimation. For this purpose, this study utilized the distribution channel data of the petrochemical and automobile industries collected by KTDB center. The distribution channel choice models for these industries were developed by including transport mode, time, cost, and shipment size. It was found that the multinomial logit model with transport cost, time and shipment size is the best, and as shipment increases, bigger transport mode is preferred. Generally direct distribution channel with small truck was preferred over the one using distribution center and/or big truck.

우리나라 화물수요분석모형의 기초자료로 활용되는 화물기종점통행량(O/D)과 화물네트워크 자료는 지난 10여 년 동안 개선되어 왔음에도 불구하고 아직 많은 한계를 지니고 있다. 주된 원인은 기존의 화물수요분석모형이 환적시설이나 물류시설을 별도의 노드로 구분하지 않는 통행기반모형이라는데 있다. 통행기반모형에서는 화물의 이동이나 화물 물동량의 전환관계 파악, 복합화물 교통망에서의 화물흐름 등을 제대로 반영하지 못하기 때문이다. 본 연구의 목적은 기업의 물류활동을 감안한 화물수요추정방법론을 개발하기 위한 기초 연구로서 공급사슬기반의 화물유통경로 선택모형을 개발하는 것이다. 구체적으로는 유통경로의 물적흐름에 영향을 주는 선택요인과 화물유통경로의 수송사슬특성(Transport Chain Attributes) 즉, 운송수단, 운송시간, 운송비용, 운송량 등을 반영한 화물유통경로선택모형을 개발하고 이를 분석함으로써 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 석유화학제품과 자동차 및 자동차부품에 대한 유통경로조사 자료를 활용하였다. 분석결과, 운송비용, 운송시간, 운송량을 변수로 하는 다항 로짓모형이 가장 적합한 것으로 분석되었다. 선정된 모형에 의하면 석유화학제품과 자동차 및 자동차부품의 경우 취급하는 운송량이 많을수록 대형화물차 유통경로의 선택 효용이 큰 것으로 분석되었고, 중간지점경유형의유통경로보다는직접수송형의유통경로를선호하는것으로분석되었다. 또한 두 품목의 경우 대형화물차보다는 소형화물차를 이용하여 운송하는 품목특성을 보였다.

Keywords

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