• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.201-201
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• 2011

크롬대체도금으로 개발 추진되고 있는 전기Ni-W합금도금피막은 경질크롬 도금피막보다도 고온에서 경도 및 내 산성이 우수하고, 유리성형용 금형으로 사용되고 있다. 최근 일본에서는 지금까지의 무전해Ni-W-P합금피막에 비해서 텅스텐, 인의 함유율이 높고, 질산 이외의 염산, 황산의 산성 환경과 암모니아, 수산화나트륨 등의 알칼리성 환경에서도 부식이나 변색이 생기지 않는 무전해Ni-W-P합금도금기술을 크롬도금을 대체하는 도금으로서 개발하고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.64-64
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• 2004

온주밀감은 제주도에서 재배면적 비율이 아주 높아 매년 많은 량이 생산되며 많은 과피 들이 폐기 처리되고 있다. 본 연구는 제주도의 상징이며 변색방법이 간편하고 폐자원을 활용할 수 있는 천연염재로서 온주밀감 과피에서 염료를 추출하여 염 액의 농도, 염색온도, 염색시간, 염색횟수를 변인으로하여 면, 모, 견, 나일론직물에 염색 한 후 표면색과 염색성을 검토하였다. (중략)

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.65-66
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• 2007

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.4
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• pp.71-78
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• 2003

The wooden striker on the Divine Bell of King Seongdeok was examined to identify the species of the wood and the outdoor wood weathering caused by solar light, moisture, temperature and air. The species of the wooden striker was identified to Zelkova serrata. When observed the striker with naked eyes, the results were surface discoloration (graying), cracking and roughness. In order to examine the morphological changes according to deterioration type, the specimen were separated to three part(I, II,III-spot). The I-spot was discolored to gray and at the same time entirely covered with dust. So the observation was impossible. The II-spot was also discolored but its texture could be observed. On it could observe numerous fungal hypae and dirts like dust flown into the cell lumens. The cell wall has been so weakened by weathering that it lost the physical intensity. This have made microchecks and splits on the cell wall. Although fungal hypae covered the cell, they did not result in wood decay. The III-spot, located just 0.5 mm below the surface, was maintaining the natural red-brown color of the wood. Its cell wall was similar to that of sound wood. These changes are different from wood decay, and limited only to the surface of the striker-less than or equal to 0.5 mm below.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.160-189
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• 2023

The Cheonjeon-ri petroglyph is inscribed with shale formation belonging to the Daegu Formation of the Gyeongsang Supergroup in the Cretaceous of the Mesozoic Era. This rock undergoes thermal alteration to become hornfels, and has a high hardness and dense texture. Rock-forming minerals have almost the same composition as quartz, alkali felspar, plagioclase, calcite, mica, chlorite and opaque minerals, but calcite is rarely detected in the weathered zone. The petroglyph forms a weathered zone with a certain depth, and there is a difference in mineral and chemical composition between weathered and unweathered zones, respectively. The CaO contents of the weathered zone were reduced by more than 90% compared to that of the unweathered zone, because calcite reacted with water and dissolved. As a result of calculating the surface weathering depth for the petroglyph with the transmission characteristics of X-rays, depth of the parts in falling off and exfoliation showed a depth of about 0.5 to 1 mm, but the weathering depth in most areas was calculated to be about 3 to 4 mm. This can be proved by the contents and changes of Ca and Sr. The surface discolorations of the petroglyph are distributed with different color density, and the yellowish brown discoloration is alternated with a thin biofilm layer, showing a coverage of 79.6%. Therefore, periodic preservation managements and preventive conservation monitoring that can effectively control the physicochemical and biological damages of the Cheonjeonri petroglyph will be necessary.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.101-114
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• 2011

The rock-carved Buddha statue at Dosolam (Korea Treasure No. 1200) of the Seonunsa temple in Gochang is unique style sculptured on natural rock cliff of 13.0m height. The Buddha statue is composed of volcanic complex with tuff, dacitic tuff breccia, tuff bereccia and lithic tuff. Especially, the Buddha statue is characterized by hydrothermal alteration and fragmentation on the upper and lower part. As a result of damage diagnosis, exfoliation and detachment of physical weathering are high of 11.3% and 9.3%, respectively. Infrared thermography analysis, exfoliation and micro-cracks occurred in the measuring parts that have not been confirmed by naked eyes. Chemical index of alteration and weathering potential index of host rock for the Buddha statue are 55.16 to 64.01 and 6.14 to 9.92 which are represented within highly weathering degree. In surface, dark black, reddish brown and white discoloration are observed prominently in the lower. Brown discoloration 6.9% is highest. According to the P-XRF measurements, high concentration of Fe in common, in part of dark black discoloration was Mn, white and brown discoloration in part of S and Ca content were higher. Biological weathering that yellowish brown and dark gray crustoes lichenes appeared by 20.8% and 13.3%, respectively. Therefore, comprehensive deterioration rate of Buddha statue show physical damage by 21.2%, discoloration for inorganic contaminants by 10.8% and biological damage by 39.4%. Ultrasonic velocity measurement carried out of Buddha statue on the surface by 555 points. Measured value of ultrasonic velocity was about 2,273m/s(1,067 to 3,215m/s, and weathering coefficient is 0.5(0.4 to 0.8) that progress on MW(moderately weathered) to HW(highly weathered) grade of rocks.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.93-101
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• 2011

The evaluation of various color coating methods for color maintenance of color asphalt pavement is conducted using the laboratory and field tests on the bus lane. The surface of color asphalt constructed on the bus lane is deteriorated such as changing color and decoloration and abrasion due to the passing of the traffic and time. The total of 9 coating methods were evaluated in this study. The laboratory tests included Ultra violet test, adhesion test and Taber abrasion test and the field tests were british pendulum test and visual survey. The results of tests showed that the different methods showed the their own engineering characteristics and it is dependant upon the main material used. The rubber epoxy material for the main material showed the satisfactory result among the methods tested. However, the performance of the coating methods after 100days are not satisfactory, decoloration, abrasion and peeling up are investigated and need to be studied for the further application in the field.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.24
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

The Unhyungung Water Container in the possession of the Seoul Museum of History in Korea is consisted of a calcareous marble developed laminated bedding and numerous argillaceous veinlets. This monument should need to conservation treatment because of black discoloration and seriously numerous cracks. Vertical and horizontal cracks in the monument are developed following stratification and argillaceous veinlets that are relatively low coherence between the rock materials. We have proved that the material inducing discoloration on the surface is carbon which is formed by deposited organic matters. As the result of the ultrasonic measurements, although highly surface weathering degree, the physical properties of the Unhyungung Water Container is confirmed slightly weathered state. The depths of cracks in the monument are calculated at maximum 60mm in some cracks completely penetrating into the wall and at minimum 9mm in the other crack. The cracks, developed following veinlet, are revealed that there penetrate from an outer wall to an inside wall for the monument. And most depths of cracks, developed following stratification, are calculated 20 to 30mm. This result will offer a significant data for conservation of the Unhyungung Water Container.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.55-57
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• 2005

기존의 장신구 은제품은 무르고 주조공정 특유의 미세한 표면결함을 가져서 착웅 중 쉽게 변색되는 문제가 있었다. 본 연구에서는 내식성을 향상시키기 위해 $92.5\%Ag-6.5\%Cu-1\%Zn$의 삼원계 은합금을 기초 소재로 해서 반지장신구를 상정하여 기존의 주조공정으로 대략의 형태를 만들고 금형과 유압프레스로 성형 가압시켜서 적극적으로 주조 시에 발생한 미세기공을 제거하고 결정립을 미세화하여 표면경도와 밀도를 향상시켰다. 선반가공과 미세연마를 실시하여 내식성이 향상된 표면과 기존 주조공정에 비해 3배 이상 향상된 경도를 가져서 스프링백 효과에 의해 귀보석을 세팅할 수 있는 개선된 텐션형 은장신구 공정을 개발하였고 이때의 최적 성형 정도를 확인하였다.

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.30-41
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• 2011

국내 농식품의 소비활성과 안전 및 품질이 부가된 신선 식재료의 공급을 위해 원재료의 신선도 유치를 위한 환경조절저장기술의 개발, 최소손실 유통을 위한 냉각, 세정, 표면살균, 탈피, 탈수, 포장 등의 전처리 공정 기술개발, 신선편이화 제품 가공, 변색억제 및 품질관리 등 선진 가공유통 기술의 개발이 필요성에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.