• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2006

Since 2002, more than 400 PWR spent nuclear fuel assemblies have been transported and stored on-site using transport casks in order to secure the storage capacity of PWR spent nuclear fuel of Kori nuclear power plant. The complete on-site transport system, which includes KN-12 transport casks, the related equipment and transport vehicles, had been developed and provided. KN-12 transport casks were designed, fabricated and licensed in accordance with Korean and IAEA's transport regulations, and the related equipment was also provided in accordance with the related regulations. The on-site transport and storage operation using two KN-12 casks and the related equipment has been conducted, and the strict Quality Control and Radiation Safety Management through the whole process has been carried out so as to achieve the required safety and reliability of the on-site transport of spent nuclear fuel.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.321-329
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• 2013

Recently, the medium-low level radioactive waste from nuclear power plant must be transported from temporary storage to the final repository. Medium-low level radioactive waste, which is composed mainly of the liquid ion exchange resin, has been consolidated with cementitious material in the plastic or iron container. Since cementitious material is brittle, it would generate cracks by impact load during transportation, signifying leakage of radioactive ray. In order to design the safety transporting equipment, there is a need to check the compressive strength of the current waste. However, because it is impossible to measure strength by direct method due to leakage of radioactive ray, we will estimate the strength indirectly by the dynamic modulus of elasticity. Therefore, it must be identified the relationship between of strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity. According to the waste acceptance criteria, the compressive strength of cement based solid is defined as more than 3.44 MPa (500 psi). Compressive strength of the present solid is likely to be significantly higher than this baseline because of continuous hydration of cement during long period. On this background, we have tried to produce the specimens of the 28 day's compressive strength of 3 to 30 MPa having the same material composition as the solid product for the medium-low level radioactive waste, and analyze the relationship between the strength and the dynamic modulus of elasticity. By controling the addition rates of AE agent, we made the mixture containing the ion exchange resin and showing the target compressive strength (3~30 MPa). The dynamic modulus of elasticity of this mixtures is 4.1~10.2 GPa, about 20 GPa lower in the equivalent compressive strength level than that of ordinary concrete, and increasing the discrepancy according to increase strength. The compressive strength and the dynamic modulus of elasticity show the liner relationship.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.161-166
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• 2005

In KAERI, about 3,100 drums containing soil have been stored. The soils were generated from the decommissioning process of Seoul office in 1988. Those soils occupy about $27\%$ of the capacity of the radioactive waste storage facility and make it difficult to maintain the storage facility. The major radioactive nuclides contained in the soils were expected to be Co-60 and Cs-137. As 16 years have passed, the radioactivity of those nuclides have decayed a lot. In this study, as a basis of regulatory clearance, radionuclides and radioactivity concentration of soils were analyzed. As a result, there are only Co-60 and Cs-137 in soils as ${\gamma}-emitters$. The total concentration of ${\gamma}-emitters$ in soil is analyzed as about $0.01\;{\sim}\;0.12$ Bq/g. As the soils are expected to be regulatory cleared in 2009, those concentrations will decay to be less than 0.1 Bq/g. This concentration can be meet the regulatory criteria suggested by IAEA. The regulatory clearance will be proceeded based on not only the assessment results of environmental influence but also related regulations.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.223-228
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• 2021

The final disposal method for asbestos building materials is to be landfilled at a designated waste landfill in accordance with the Waste Management Act. However, it is difficult to secure a domestic designated waste landfill site to landfill the entire amount of asbestos waste, which is expected to emit more than 400,000 ton/year by 2044. In this study, a detoxification treatment was performed on a ceiling tex with a density of 1.0 to 1.2g/cm³ containing 3 to 7% of chrysotile, and it was used as a reinforcing fiber for extruded panels. It was confirmed that asbestos components were detoxified through the reaction process using 30% oxalic acid and carbon dioxide, and it was recognized that these detoxifying properties were maintained even after extrusion molding. However, it was found that milling to a fiber size of less than 1mm for complete detoxification of asbestos resulted in a decrease in reinforcing performance. Therefore, in the case of using detoxified asbestos fibers in the extrusion molding process, it is considered desirable to add fibers with a length of 5mm or more to improve the reinforcing performance.

• Nuclear industry
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.28-48
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• 2017

본지는 2016년 10월호(통권 365호)와 2017년 2월호(통권 369호)를 통해 국회에 계류되어 있는 원자력 관련 법률안 및 일부개정법률안 36건을 소개한 바 있다. 그 이후 5월 24일 현재 '원자력발전소의 단계적 폐쇄 및 에너지전환 특별법안'이 발의되었고, 원자력안전법 일부개정법률안 6건, 방사성폐기물 관리법 일부개정법률안 1건, 발전소주변지역 지원에 관한 법률 일부개정법률안 2건 등이 발의되었다. 발의된 의안들은 현재 해당 소관위 심사중이며 본회의에서 처리된 의안은 아직까지 없다. 올해 2월 22일 이후 제안된 의안들을 사안별로 나누어 제안 이유와 주요 내용, 의안 전문을 게재하며 사계의 진단을 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.64-68
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• 1998

This paper discusses the potential application of fuzzy set theory to the decision-making in the area of radioactive waste management. the approach proposed in this study is based on the concepts of fuzzy set theory and the hierarchical structure analysis. The linguistic variables and fuzzy numbers are used to aggregate the decision maker's subjective assessments of the decision criteria and of the decision alternatives with respect to these criteria. For each alternative, the fuzzy appropriateness index is evaluated to obtain the final score. Using total integral value method, one of methods for ranking fuzzy numbers, the fuzzy appropriateness indices are ranked. As a case problem, selection of the most suitable option for spent fuel storage is illustrated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.472-480
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• 2010

작은 국토 면적에 비해 잦은 산불피해가 발생하는 우리나라에서 영농활동을 위한 소각은 산불의 중요한 원인이므로, 이를 방지하기 위해서는 발화원인자인 영농인들의 의식조사와 관리주체인 산불관련 담당공무원의 의식조사가 필요하다. 이를 위해 영농으로 인한 소각행위가 빈번한 지방자치단체를 대상으로 영농소각으로 인한 산불 금지와 관련된 제도에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 조사결과 소각 금지법에 대해 영농종사자들은 대체로 긍정적으로 인식하고 있었으며, 공무원들도 산불예방에 효과가 있다고 인식하는 것으로 보아 소각 금지법은 산불예방을 위해 지속되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 영농종사자와 공무원 모두 공동소각이 산불예방에 효과가 있다고 답변하였으며, 이에 대한 활성화 방안이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 소각 금지 거리 100m에 대한 적정성은 영농종사자와 공무원 집단 모두 긍정적으로 인식하는 것으로 나타났으며, 소각신청 허가서의 산불예방효과에 대해서도 양 집단 모두 긍정적인 인식을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 영농폐기물 소각 근절을 위해 영농종사자들은 '기간 내의 신고에 의한 합법적인 소각'을 가장 필요한 대책이라고 인식하고 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of societal Security
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2011

The hydroxide precipitation method is appropriate to distinguish free metal ions with complexed metal ions with amino acids. Optimum pH conditions of hydroxide precipitation were investigated using mixed amino acids which have similar composition ratio with hydrolyzed amino acids. When applied to soil samples immobilities of Hg, Cr, and Cu ion with mixed and hydrolyzed amino acids were reasonable. But those of Cd and Zn were not sufficient.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.179-187
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• 2008

After Canada has struggled with a radioactive waste problem over for 20 years, the Canadian government finally found out that its approach by far has been lack of social acceptance, and needed a program such as public and stakeholder engagement (PSE) which involves the public in decision-making process. Therefore, the government made a special law, called Nuclear Fuel Waste Act (NFWA), to search for an appropriate nuclear waste management approach. NFWA laid out three possible approaches which were already prepared in advance by a nuclear expert group, and required Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) to be established to report a recommendation as to which of the proposed approaches should be adopted. However, NFWA allowed NWMO to consider additional management approach if the other three were not acceptable enough. Thus, NWMO studied and created a fourth management approach after it had undertaken an comparison of the benefits, risks and costs of each management approach: Adaptive Phased Management. This approach was intended to enable the implementers to accept any technological advancement or changes even in the middle of the implementation of the plan. The Canadian PSE case well shows that technological R&D are deeply connected with social acceptance. Even though the developments and technological advancement are carried out by the scientists and experts, but it is important to collect the public opinion by involving them to the decision-making process in order to achieve objective validity on the R&D programs. Moreover, in an effort to ensure the principles such as fairness, public health and safety, security, and adoptability, NWMO tried to make those abstract ideas more specific and help the public understand the meaning of each concept more in detail. Also, they utilized a variety of communication methods from face-to-face meeting to e-dialogue to encourage people to participate in the program as much as possible. Given the fact that Korea has been also having a hard time in dealing with spent nuclear fuel management, all of these efforts that Canada has made with a PSE program would give good lessons and implications to the Korean case. In conclusion, as a deliberative participation program, PSE could be a possible breakthrough approach for the Korean spent nuclear fuel management.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2013

Landfill require special care due to the dangers of nearby surface water and underground water pollution caused by leakage of leachate. The leachate does not leak due to the installation of the geomembrane but sharp wastes or landfill equipment can damage the geomembrane and therefore a means of protecting the geomembrane is required. In Korea, in accordance with the waste control act being modified in 1999, protecting the geosynthetics liner on top of the slope of landfill and installing a drainage layer to fluently drain leachate became mandatory, and technologies are being researched to both protect the geomembrane and quickly drain leachate simultaneously. Therefore, this research has its purpose in studying the drainage functions of leachate and protection functions of the geomembrane in order to examine the application possibilities of Geo-Multicell-Composite (GMC) as a Leachate Collection Removal and Protection System (LCRPs) at the slope on top of the geomembrane of landfill by observing methods of inserting filler with high-quality water permeability at the drainage net. GMC's horizontal permeability coefficient is $8.0{\times}10^{-4}m^2/s$ to legal standards satisfeid. Also crash gravel used as filler respected by vertical permeability is 5.0 cm/s, embroidering puncture strength 140.2 kgf. A result of storm drain using artificial rain in GMC model facility, maxinum flow rate of 1,120 L/hr even spray without surface runoff was about 92~97% penetration. Further study, instead of crash gravel used as a filler, such as using recycled aggregate utilization increases and the resulting construction cost is expected to savings.