• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Recently, the number of closed rural schools is increasing due to the decrease in school age population. This study aims to comparative analysis of utilization policies for closed schools in Korea and Japan. The results are as follows. First, Both Korea and Japan was expected to increase the number of closed schools since the standard of abolition of small schools has been strengthened. Second, In Korea, it was possible to know the detailed information of closed schools through 'Eduinfo' website, but it was hard to know the detailed information of utilization cases of closed schools. On the other hand, Japan not only provided information about the unused school facilities but also introduced the utilization cases of closed schools and financial support system for utilization of closed school. It was characterized by linking with the information of unused schools and company, NPO, elderly welfare facility, etc. Third, In korea Superintendent established plans to use closed schools to respond flexibly to local circumstances. Japan simplified the procedures for closed schools to promote the utilization of closed schools. Finally, In Japan, there was various financial support system. But in Korea, it supported the cost of subsidy reduction, free loan, maintenance and management and operation.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.7-14
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• 2022

The decrease in the school-age population caused the closure of private universities, but the guidelines at closed private universities are ambiguous, causing confusion. Therefore, this study intends to suggest a plan to utilize the closed school university. The government aims to increase the possibility of selling closed schools by preventing alley slums through the recovery of alley commercial districts and local communities. The data were collected through a Google survey from September 30 to October 8, 2021 and an on-site interview conducted on October 2, 2021. A total of 84 nearby citizens of the closed school university were surveyed, and on-site interviews were conducted with a total of five people. The collected data suggested the direction of utilization plan for closed school building. This study will present a model for the use of closed school property in the future and contribute to the establishment of urban regeneration policies.

• Journal of Teachers' Pension
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• v.4
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• pp.175-205
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 폐교로 인해 퇴직한 사립학교 교직원을 대상으로 사학연금의 재해보상기금을 활용하여 실업급여를 제공하는 방안을 모색하는데 있다. 이를 위해 먼저 폐교 퇴직 교직원 현황 및 사학연금에서 폐교로 인한 퇴직 시 연금 지급규정, 재해보상 관련 쟁점, 고용보험 임의가입방안 관련 쟁점 등에 대해 고찰하였다. 다음으로 폐교로 인한 퇴직 교직원에 대한 정책방안들로 현행안, 재해보상기금을 활용한 구직급여 제공방안, 고용보험 임의가입안에 대한 재정추계를 실시하였다. 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 불과 5년 뒤인 2024학년도부터는 대입가능자원이 대학입학정원을 크게 밑돌 것으로 전망되고 이로 인해 대학의 통·폐합과 구조조정 등이 발생하여 현재보다 훨씬 더 많은 대학이 폐교될 것으로 예상된다. 둘째, 현행 사학연금법 상연금지급개시연령은 65세이나, 공무원연금법을 준용하고 있는 사학연금에서 폐교로 인해 퇴직하는 경우 퇴직 때부터 5년이 경과한 때 연금을 지급하는 규정으로 인해 여러 문제점들이 발생하고 있다. 셋째, 폐교로 인한 비자발적 퇴직 교직원의 소득활동 중단에 따른 소득 대체 및 생활안정을 위한 방안마련이 시급하다. 넷째, 산재보험과 공무원연금·군인연금 등 공적 재해보상제도들은 모두 업무상 또는 공무상 사고나 질병으로 부상·질병·장해·사망이 발생하면 재해로 정의하고 있어 사학연금에서 폐교를 재해로 포함시키는 것은 적합하지 않으며, 실업에 대응하는 사회보장제도인 고용보험에 포함시키는 것이 보다 타당할 것으로 보인다. 다섯째, 사립학교 교직원에 대한 고용보험적용 여부를 논의하기 위해서는 대학교수의 법적 지위와 근로기준법의 적용가능성이 중요한데, 향후 대법원이 대학교수를 근로기준법상 근로자로 판단한다면 사학 교직원의 고용보험 가입도 가능하게 될 것이다. 여섯째, 사학연금가입자들을 위한 고용보험 도입이 바람직하나, 이것이 단기간 내에 실행되기 어렵다면 고려 가능한 대안으로 공무원연금과는 다른 사학 교직원 직무에서 발생하는 재해의 특성을 고려하여 사학재해보상제도에서 폐교로 인한 퇴직을 재해보상에 포함시키고 구직급여를 제공하는 방안을 검토해 볼 수 있다. 또한 재정추계결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현재 폐교로 인한 퇴직 시 제공되는 연금 대신에 재해보상기금으로 구직급여를 제공할 경우 사학연금기금에 재정적으로 상당히 긍정적 효과가 있을 것으로 예상된다. 둘째, 폐교로 인한 2018년 현재 연금수급자(285명)의 예상 연금급여액 추계에 의하면 2050년까지 누적해서 볼 경우, 재해보상기금을 활용하여 구직급여를 제공하는 방안이 폐교로 인한 퇴직 시 연금을 지급하는 현행안보다 2018년 현재가치로 123억 원 정도 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 현재 수급자와 미래 수급자의 예상 연금급여액 추계에 의하면 2028년까지 누적해서 볼 경우, 재해보상기금을 활용하여 구직급여를 제공하는 방안이 현행안보다 2018년 현재가치로 747억 원 정도 재정적으로 유리한 것으로 나타났다.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

This study is to make suggestions on the type and operation of community life SOC projects suitable for the use of idle facilities in elementary and secondary schools. To this end, we analyzed the types and operation of desirable utilization facilities according to regional characteristics through the analysis of cases utilizing Japanese idle classrooms and closed schools. As a result of the study, in areas with excellent accessibility to residents such as old downtowns and towns, libraries, entrepreneurship counseling and exhibition spaces, and lifelong education centers were desirable as part of the residents' convenience facilities. It was found that the facilities that could be used with families, such as an experiential training center, were being utilized.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.556-576
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• 2023

This study attempted to find a way to utilize idle spaces in rural areas as a way to respond to rural extinction. Based on the keywords "startup," "youth start-up," and "youth start-up+rural," start-up+rural," the study sought to identify the perception of idle facilities in rural areas through the keywords "Idle facilities" and "closed schools." The study presented basic data for policy direction and plan search by reviewing frequency analysis, major keyword analysis, network analysis, emotional analysis, and domestic and foreign cases. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that idle facilities and school closures are acting importantly as factors for regional regeneration. Second, in the case of youth startups in rural areas, it was found that not only education on agriculture but also problems for residence should be solved together. Third, in the case of young people, it was confirmed that it was necessary to establish digital utilization for agriculture by actively starting a business using digital. Finally, in order to attract young people and revitalize the region through best practices at home and abroad, policy measures that can serve as various platforms such as culture and education as well as startups should be presented in connection with local residents. These results are significant in that they presented implications for youth start-ups in rural areas by reviewing start-up recognition for the influx of young people as one of the alternatives for the use of idle facilities and regional regeneration, and if additional solutions are presented through field surveys, they can be used to set policy goals that fit the reality.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.23-30
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• 2008

Many closed schools of about more 3,000(2006 year) have occurred all over the country according to governmental policy of 1982. These closed schools were sold or rent to institution, local government, and a private, and are used by various usage such as novitiate, institution, educational facility, art creation facilities, warehouse, and factory. But, unimproved closed school facilities are still reaching for about 450. Among practical use example of such closed school, alternative educational facility, practice facilities, art creation facilities etc. with closed schools which have general surrounding natural landscape and environment uses well preserved were applied consciousness and the practice about environmental problem to ecological concept. Also, a lot of discussions about ecological concept and study for desirable solutions about practical use of closed schools example have been achieved. However, it is hard to find various ecological practical use examples at filed. In such background, this research wishes to investigate changing space and facilities variously and its usage which is applied ecological concept with regional closed schools.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Arts Education Studies
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.87-110
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze how Korean Arts and Culture Education of School Policy Contents from the Kim Dae-jung government to Lee Myung-bak government are changed. The sequence will be examined by analyzing the Arts and Culture Education of School of Kim Dae-jung government to Lee Myung-bak government. Above all, the Arts and Culture Education of School Business and Policy Contents will be mainly studied. First of all, this study will be deal with two forms that present sequence analyze methode of each government Arts and Culture Education of School Policies. The criterion of the analysis of the sequence are repetition, difference, emphasis, development, and expansion. This study is analysed on the each government policy contents of the books published by Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism(MCST), Korea Arts and Culture Education Service, Korea Culture and Tourism Institute, particularly the Culture Policy white paper from 2001 to 2009, 2006 Arts and Culture Education Policy white paper.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 2000

Many primary schools that have been an important role in the community at the same time local important facility not only local area but also all area in Korea have shown a situation for closing and into grating a school because of a social and political measure. The education policy for man power training and closing policy for small scale school not more than 100 students can't role in the rural development policy, coming farming and fishing villages. The reasons for thinking some application paradigm and closing schools have been important role in the point of education and culture parts. Of course, the application paradigm for closing school facility will get accomplished for a mood of local residents and a point of cultural deference, not keeping up unconditionally for closing a school. For accomplishing versatile purposes, initiative role of the organs of local education is very important. The organs of local education have an application paradigm that closing schools are the facilities for local organs of education will plan some specific facility to be matched for local special quality and connection quality of surrounding facility and environment. Before an application paradigm of closing school, it is very important that a fundamental factor for negligence the facility will be solved. Eventually, the organs of education have a plan for technical study of this paradigm and consider keeping and mending of closing facility, rent the facility for payment or not they want, and confer money problem not an unconditional scale.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.84-104
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• 1994

The migration of population into the city has been on the increase according as Korea has been industrialized repidly since the 1960's. And there is a steady decrease in rural population. Thus lack of the number of the students forced many elementary Schools to be abolished. The aim of this study is to grasp the abolition types and the regional characteristics with the subject region of Chungbuk province. From the viewpoint of the increasing abolition of the elementary schools, I think it is very important to understand how the elementary schools have been abolished so far and predict how the subject region will have been changed in geography. Data for this study are based on Annual Establishment-Abolition Situation of the Schools published by Chungbuk office of Education in 1992, and many Kinds of the statistical reports, and the interview with the related. The results are as follows: 1. By examining the change of the number of the elementary schools and students in Chnugbuk, the numder of the students had also decreased since 1969 and was less than the half in 1990. As the number of the schools began to decrease ten years later than the students began to, the abolition of the elementary schools has started in reality from 1980's. 2. The 72 elementary schools were aboilshed between 1980 and 1992: the principal school is 9.7%, the branch school is 90.3%. The most fifteen schools are abolished in Yongdong-county and Chechon-county, and the least one school is abolished in Chechon-city and Okchon-county, and there is no abolition in Chongju-city and Chungju-city: According to the type of the abolition process, the least seven principal schools are abolished, and the principal school is reorganized as a branch school and twenty eight branch schools are abolished, and the most thirty seven branch schools are abolished. 3. When special change of the abolition is classified into the first perio (1980-1986) and the second period (1987-1992), in the first period the principal and branch schools were abolished and they are 13.9% of total abolition. The abolition out of them by building a dam is 60%. The principal schools in the submerged area though they have many students, were abolished. In the second period sixty two branch schools are abolished and they are 86.1% of total abolition. The most fifteen schools are abolished in Yongdong-county, thirteen in Chechon-county, seven in Tanyang-county, six in Chongwon-county, five in Chungwon-county and Koesan-county. Unlike the first period, the schools were abolished in this period because the number of students was so small. In this period sixty branch schools were abolished. All the students in the abolished schools except six schools transfered to the principal schools. The 58 school authorities help the students attend school by bus or support the expenses for attending school after that. 4. The abolition types of city, county and myon are classified into five types by the number of the abolished schools. The most forty nine abolished schools in type II are 68.1 of the total abolition. The least three abolished ones in type I are 12.5%. Considering the relation between the abolition type ane the number of schools and students, the number of the schools, increased in type I, II, III, V except IV from 1980 and then have decreased by abolition since 1980, while the more students decreased than they did in 1970 and the more the abolished school increases, the less the students decreases. The average students per school decreased in every abolition type and the most students decreased in type IV. 5. Considering the relation between the abolition type and the regional characteristics, most abolished schools were located between 100m and 300m above the sea level and it is 71% of the total abolition. The region without the abolition is high in the ratio of the cultivate land, ratio of rice field, and the part-time farmer, but the region with many abolition is low in the ratio of cultivated land. As for the manufacturing there are the most city, county and myon in the abolition type in Youngdong-county and Chechon-county where the manufacturing ratio of employing is low but Chongju-city without the abolition is a region where the manufacturing ratio is high. Consequently the development of the manufacturing causes the population to emigation out and the decrease of the population leads the transport is difficult of access, the facilities sold after being abolished are not being used in many ways. 7. Take an example of Youndong-county where the most schools were abolished, I have examined the school district and the population characteristics of the abolition. Though there were more villages, households, populations in the region that is higher than low above the sea level, the schools were abolished. Therefore we know that above the sea level had a great effect on the abolition. As a result of the regional analysis of the abolition, many schools were abolished by the artificial buildings such as a dam in the early 1980's but the schools in the late 1980's were abolished ten years later after the students decreased. More schools were abolished in the region where the manufacturing industry didn't develop. And the higher the school position was above the sea level, the sooner the school was abolished. It is also proved that both the beautiful natural scenery and accessibility are the important factor in using the abolished facilities practically.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.293-306
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• 2013

According to the increase of rural experience, that is important in satisfying needs of green tourism and vitalizing rural economy to use closed school in rural area as experience facility. For using closed school as experience facility, political and institutional assistants are needed in effective equipments and stable operation based on multi-perspective approach and analysis. In this study, we try to evaluate green-tourism accessibility of rural experience facility remodeled from closed school considering regional population and spatial characteristics. In evaluating process, gravity potential model are adapted with considering group size of customer and distance-friction coefficient. Distance-friction coefficient is a function of user restriction which depend on possible activity in each experience facility. Green tourism accessibility of experience facility is calculated with summation of accessibility to each region, and we analyzed it as a group by closed school type and location with application in Chungcheongnam-do. We found a correlation between green tourism accessibility of rural closed school and their income.