• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.175-177
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• 2008

EU의 제품 환경규제와 관련하여 섬유 및 염 조제에서 검출되어 수출 시 클레임이 걸리는 유해물질로는 유해아민, 유기캐리어, 포름알데히드, 할로겐화 페놀, NPEO 등이 있으며, 이에 이러한 유해물질 검출동향과 분석법에 대하여 살펴보았다. 규제 이후 검출되어 온 유해아민, 포름알데히드, 유기캐리어는 지금 현재까지도 계속 검출되고 있으며 신규 유해물질로 규정된 NPEO의 검출 빈도수가 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라, 국내 기업들은 지속적인 품질관리를 통해 제품 수출 시 유해물질 함유로 인한 피해가 없도록 주의해야 한다.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.341-345
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• 2020

An in situ regeneration of activated carbon bed using an ozonated water was studied in order for avoiding the carbon loss, contaminant emission and time consuming for discharge-regeneration-repacking in a conventional thermal regeneration process. Using phenol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as adsorbates, the adsorption breakthrough and in situ regeneration with the ozonated water were repeated. These organics were supposed to degrade by the oxidation reaction of ozone, regenerating the bed for reuse. As the number of regeneration increased, the adsorption capacity for phenol was reduced, but the change was stabilized showing no further reduction after reaching a certain degree of decrement. The reduction of adsorption capacity was due to the increase of pore size resulting in the decrease of specific surface area during ozonation. The adsorption capacity of phenol decreased after the ozonated regeneration because the in-pore adsorption was prevalent for small molecules like phenol. However, PEG did not show such decrease and the adsorption capacity was constantly maintained after several cycles of the ozonated regeneration probably because the external surface adsorption was the major mechanism for large molecules like PEG. Since the reduction in the pore size and specific surface area for small molecules were proportional to the duration of contact time with the ozonated water, careful considerations of the solute size to be removed and controlling the contact time were necessary to enhance the performance of the ozonated in situ regeneration of activated carbon bed.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1994

The purpose on this study was to develop a new improved chromatographic method for determination of trace phenols from environmental waste water. The research was carried out with selected 8 phenols, and solid-phase extraction was employed as sample pretreatment method. The coupling of XAD-4 and Dowex $1{\times}8$ resin as preconcentration column increased the selectivities toward interferences coexisted in matrix. Automation was accomplished with on-line process of pretreatment and HPLC system. After elution of sample through XAD-4 column, phenols were adsorbed by dispersion force, then displaced from it by ACN basified, simultaneously and selectively readsorbed via anion exchange on Dowex $1{\times}8$. Dowex $1{\times}8$ column was washed by water. Phenols readsorbed were removed from Dowex $1{\times}8$ column by a minimum volumn of methanol containing HCl. Each pretreatment step was connected by switching valves and the eluate was directly on-line injected to obtain fast and reliable results into the HPLC. Recovery of phenols was greater than 90%. To examine utility of this method, analysis of phenols from laboratory waste water sample which was added some organic pollutants to find with phenols on environmental waste water were also accomplished without their interference effects.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.147-152
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• 1999

HPLC was used for determining polyphenols which are known as the functional compounds in the unripe apples Fuji and Aori. The changes in their contents caused by heat treatments were monitored. The carbohydrate contents in Fuji and Aori were 14.1% and 13.5% respectively. Both apple juices showed pH 3.2 and $8.0\;brix^{\circ}$, which were relatively low levels. The major polyphenols were composed of (+)-catechin, chlorogenic acid, (-)-epicatechin, and tannic acid. Total polyphenol contents in Fuji and Aori were 0.11, 0.12% by Folin-Denis method. HPLC analysis of polyphenols showed that four major components were contained by 0.06% in Fuji and 0.07% in Aori. Chlorogenic acid was three times higher in Fuji than in Aori. After water blanching, the area percent of polyphenols resulted in an increase by 3.54% in Fuji but a decrease by 2.93% in Aori. Pasteurization of juices led to decrease by 1.39% and 3.31% respectively. Blanching and pasteurization of unripe apple juices induced negligible changes in polyphenol contents during storage. During concentration, polyphenol contents increased in proportion to the concentration of unripe apple juices.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.649-655
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• 2010

This study investigated the degradation of phenol using sonication and/or UV-C. The effects of frequency, temperature, pH in solution, argon purging, with UV intensity were estimated in sonication-only, UV-only, and the combined reaction of sonication with UV. The optimum condition for degrading phenol in the sonication-only reaction was 35 kHz, $5^{\circ}C$, and pH 4. As this condition approximately 30% degradation of phenol was achieved within 360 min. However, phenol in the UV-only at $19.3\;mw/cm^2$ under the same condition was completely degraded within 60 min. In the combined system of sonication with UV, the degradation of phenol was well fitted to first-order rate model, and phenol was completely degraded within 360 min and 45 min at UV intensity of $7.6\;mW/cm^2$($17.3{\times}10^{-3}\;min^{-1}$) and $19.3\;mW/cm^2$($138.1{\times}10^{-3}\;min^{-1}$), respectively. Adding methanol, as a radical scavenger, in the phenol degradation in the sonication reaction indicates that OH radical is a major factor in the degradation of phenol. The order of degradation efficiencies of phenol was in the order of as follows; combined reaction of sonication with UV > UV-only > sonication-only.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2006

Phenolic acids of white ginseng were extracted and fractionated into free, esterified, and insoluble-bound forms. The contents of individual phenolic acids in different forms were quantified by gas liquid chromatography. Nine different phenolic acids as free, esterified, and insoluble-bound forms were identified in white ginseng. Total phenolic compounds in different forms of extracts was 0.309% (free form), 0.230% (esterified form) and 0.138% (insoluble-bound form), respectively. Total phenolic acid contents in free, esterified and insoluble-bound form were 889.3, 356.8, 1,176.9 mg/100g fraction, respectively. Ferulic acid was the predominant phenolic acid, representing 63.7% and 50.9% of total phenolic acids in esterified fom and insoluble-bound form, respectively. While caffeic acid was only detected in esterified form. At 10 mg/ml insoluble-bound form quenched 95.9% ABTS free radicals generated from 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). Also, electron donating ability and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity of insoluble-bound fom were higher than other fraction. All phenolic acid fractions scavenged over 80% of hydroxyl radical at 10 mg/ml.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.128-139
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• 2005

식용유지나 지방질을 함유하고 있는 유지식품은 저장 및 가공 중에 산화가 일어나 식품에 바람직하지 않은 결과를 나타낸다. 그러므로 영양학적, 기술적 과정에서 볼 때 저해제 첨가에 의한 산화억제가 바람직하다. 본 논문은 몇가지 지질 시스템과 식품 중에서 차 폴리페놀의 항산화 활성 메카니즘, 항산화제 작용부위 그리고 항산화 물질로서의 가능성에 대해 살펴보았다.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.142-145
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• 1998

Two phenylpropanoids and one flavan 3-ol were isolated from Lepisorus thunbergianus (Polypodiaceae, fern), which is used as folkmedicine. Phenylpropanoids were identified as caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, and flavan 3-ol was elucidated as (-)-epicatechin 7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside by physico-chemical and spectral evidences (HMQC, NOESY).

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.104-104
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• 2018

흑구기자와 구기자에는 류신, 메티오닌, 페닐알라닌, 이소류신 등의 아미노산이 많이 함유되어 있고 무기염류, 베타카로틴, 비타민C 등이 다량으로 함유되어 있다. 이러한 생리활성 물질에 의하여 항산화 작용이 매우 큰 것으로 알려져있으며 간 기능보호, 콜레스테롤 제거, 자양강장 등의 효능이 있는 것으로 알려져있다. 특히 흑구기자에는 안토시아닌의 함유량이 매우 많아 수면장애 개선과 항노화, 피부주름억제, 피부재생효과 등이 있는 것으로 알려져있다. 또한 이러한 안토시아닌 색소는 암세포 발생과 전이를 억제하는것으로도 알려져있다. 즉, 구기자와 흑구기자는 혈액순환을 개선 시키고 혈관의 탄력을 증강시키어 심혈관질환을 개선하는 효과가 있다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 중국의 고원지대(해발 2500m 이상)에서 자생하고있는 구기자와 흑구기자의 생리활성 물질을 분석하여 항산화 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 그 결과 총 폴리페놀 함량은 흑구기자와 구기자에서 비슷한 함유량을 나타내었다. 안토시아닌의 함량은 구기자보다 흑구기자에서 다량으로 함유되어 있다. 항산화 활성은 구기자보다 흑구기자에서 훨씬 더 양호한 결과를 나타내었다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.43-46
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• 2003

From Portulaca oleracea which is widely distributed in Korea and has long been used as a folk medicine, two biophenolic glycosides, 3-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenyl-4-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) ethyl-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (2) were isolated using column chromatography and reversed-phase HPLC. $^{13}C$ NMR spectral assignment for these compounds was revised by the extensive 2-D NMR experiments such as NOESY, HMQC, and HMBC. These compounds showed a considerable antioxidant effect in DPPH assay system.