• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.16 no.6_1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2016

We can not respond asymmetric warfare effectively. The asymmetric operation is performed in asymmetric methods and means with different characteristics and functions to their enemy. And the character of the asymmetric operation have 'heterogeneity' and 'superiority' in principle. The type of asymmetric strategy is complex and diverse. Since we can classify the type of the asymmetric strategy in many different way and we must study in many ways and aspects. When we study asymmetric war previous cases from modern to ancient era, we can find that the key factors of the victory have superiority of the asymmetric strategy and discriminatory measures. The asymmetry is created when one party has to adapt to the strategic environment. If we want to secure a strategic advantage, we must take a number of case studies and countermeasures for asymmetric warfare.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.251-280
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• 2009

The value of Environment is so high and important that no one can estimate it correctly. In the area of Logistics, Environment protection is very important and keen subject for the present and for the future of this country and people. Environmental logistics, similarly used as Green logistics, means the protection of Nature and Environment and reduces all kinds of factors and behaviors that may destroy and deteriorate current Environment. It also include the preservation of Nature and sustainable development. Environmental logistics aims to save natural resources and to promote reuse of all kinds of materials and to increase the utilization of Environment friendly substitute goods. In this paper the concept and characteristics of Environmental logistics were summarized and described. Also the main previous studies were surveyed. Some of important cases and experiences which were introduced and applied in major countries such as Japan, Hongkong, USA and the case of PHILIPS were summarized and analyzed. With these cases and analysis, this paper suggested some alternatives and countermeasures for the improvement of Environmental logistics in terms of 3 dimensions such as Country, Company and Individual level. And a strategy model for enhancement of the Environmental logistics was suggested and limitations of this paper and future research directions were described.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.153-172
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• 2018

Overloading of Commercial vehicles have been an important area of transportation as one of the main causes of pavement damage, bridge collapse, severe traffic accident, etc. In this study, we analyzed the effects of overweight prevention by analyzing overweight driving patterns and using weight sensors. First, we analyzed relevant literatures of overweight and surveyed the commercial weight sensors. Then we chose the typical type of overweight vehicles based of overweight enforcement data analysis. MEMs inclinometer weight sensor were installed to 10 test vehicles and data was collected by weight sensors and gps in real time. As a result of gross vehicle weight and axle weight analysis, it was found weight sensor could decrease overweight rate. However, since the number of samples of test vehicles is insufficient to represent the whole commercial vehicle, further studies are deemed possible through the extension test.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.5-13
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• 2015

Wave overflow can cause a failure of sea dike structure. Based on the results of the field surveys on mound-type sea dike, the failure of vicinity of crown and the scouring of toe at the landward was revealed as the most representative failure example. One of the main factors related to this failure pattern is overflow-induced pressure and velocity. Thus, in this study the analytical equations which can determine the pressure and the velocity induced by overflow in sea dike were proposed and verified. To accomplish this, assumed that the flow is quasi-steady and irrotational, and concentric circular streamlines around the vicinity of crown and toe of the sea dike. Flow was assumed as critical state and Bernoulli equation was used to develop the equations that can determine the pressure and velocity at the vicinity of crown and toe of the sea dike. Using these equations, the pressure and the velocity were calculated in condition of various overflow depths and radiuses of circular streamline. Based on the calculation results, while a negative pressure was occurred at the vicinity of crown, a significant amount of positive pressure occurred at the toe. The existence of flow-induced shear stresses was also confirmed. In addition, the limitation of the proposed equations was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.15-25
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• 2014

In this study, types of rock slope failure are analyzed by considering both joint characteristics investigated on previous landslide regions located at northern part of Mt. Jiri and geographic features of natural slopes deduced from GIS. The landslide prediction map was produced by superposing the frequency ratio layers for the six geographic features including elevation, slope aspect, slope angle, shaded relief, curvature and stream distance, and then the landslide risk map was deduced by combination of the prediction map and the damage map obtained by taking account of humanity factors such as roads and buildings in the study area. According to analysis on geographic features for previous landslide regions, the landslides occurred as following rate: 88% at 330~710 m in elevation, 77.7% at $90{\sim}270^{\circ}$ in slope aspect, 93.9% at $10{\sim}40^{\circ}$ in slope angle, 82.78% at grade3~7 in shaded relief, 86.28% at -5~+5 in curvature, and 82.92% within 400m in stream distance. Approximately 75% of the landslide regions belongs to the region of 'high' or 'very high' grade in the prediction map, and 13.27% of the study area is exposed to 'high risk' of landslide.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.119-127
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• 2015

Although it was very long since companies and organizations have been interested in technological innovation or management innovation and many of them have been investing on innovation in convergence industry environment, they could not take differentiated competency and competitive advantage so that they were fallen behind from market by new trends. This research is aiming at deduction of strategies for corporations to keep continuously differentiated competitiveness and competitive advantage. It suggested open innovation activities as basic independent variables. It added global technological alliance known for Open Innovation Alliances to independent variables too. It suggested platform leadership emerging between open innovation activities and digital ecosystem and 6 encroachment types from disruptive innovation theory as control variables. It suggested dynamic competitive advantage as dependent variable for explaining dynamic properties of environment. It analyzed case from 11 researches of open innovation activities, categorized them and verified the appropriacy of the variables. This research contributes to new direction for derivation of strategies and methodologies by which corporations keep competitive advantage in dynamic convergence environment.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.202-222
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• 2024

War is one of the most tragic and destructive incidents in human history, and it destroys precious cultural heritage. However, even amidst such devastation, certain cultural heritages convey messages of peace and human rights. This study aims to provide an in-depth interpretation of the significance of cultural heritage related to war. The research method involved an extensive review of theoretical discussions on war-related heritage. Based on this foundation, 18 cases of war heritage registered as UNESCO World Heritage Sites were selected. These cases were classified and analyzed into three categories: "physical traces of war and military fortresses," "memories of war and atrocities, and messages of peace," and "restoration and reconstruction of cities destroyed by war." The results of this study confirm that war heritage encompasses not only physical evidence of war but also multilayered and complex meanings such as the memories and traumas of war, scars and healing, and conflict and reconciliation. Based on these findings, the study proposes that war heritage should be reinterpreted and expanded to represent a "heritage of peace" and transcend its role of only including physical traces of war to embody the values of peace. This demands a shift in perception that confronts the painful memories of war while transforming them into assets for building peace. Furthermore, it urges the active exploration of ways to utilize war heritage for peaceful purposes. This study distinguishes itself from existing research by deepening the academic discourse on war-related heritage and providing a theoretical foundation for the registration of war-related heritage as World Heritage Sites.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.447-457
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• 2024

This study investigated a cut-slope surface containing Tertiary faults, representing a conical-shaped slope with strike varying from N44°E to NS, N50°W, and finally N70°E. The slope consists mainly of basalt, with discontinuities in the slope including faults, fault zones, fracture zones, shear joints, and extension joints. The type and scale of failure vary with the strike of the slope and the strikes of discontinuities, with plane and wedge failure predominating. Based on face-mapping data, SMR (slope mass rating), rock physical and mechanical properties, analysis of stereonet projections and geological cross-sections, and critical equilibrium analysis, optimal slope stability determination was found to involve the countermeasure method, the slope gradient relief method, the green soil surface treatment method, and a fall prevention measure. After application of the countermeasure method, both dry and wet slope conditions exceeded allowable safety factors. It is expected that the preparation of geological cross-sections of various representative sections perpendicular to the surface of the slope, and the application of corresponding countermeasure methods, will be reasonable tools for three-dimensional analysis of slope stability. If the strike of the slope varies widely, it is necessary to prepare geological cross-sections, and the section used for critical equilibrium analysis must be established as the basic section.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.5 no.9
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• pp.2369-2377
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• 1998

Fault simulators are used to evaluate the quality of a test pattern generated. So far, most fault simulators did not handle bus conflicts properly. We analyzed . all possible bus conflicts when test patterns are applied to a circuit with bus structure and categorized bus conflicts into various types. Also. we proposed an efficient method to identify various types of bus conflicts. The fault simulator which employs the proposed method can evaluate the quality of test patterns generated and also can avoid destruction of bus drivers due to bus conflicts hy warning the use of test patterns which cause bus conflicts. The proposed method can also be incorperated into a test pattern generator so that it can generate conflict-free test patterns.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.87-98
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• 2013

A convention is a customary channel that not only distinguishes the contemporary urban fantasy contents from other genres but also feels familiar with users for its currency. To begin with, the study defines the fantasy investigating the types of the fantasies, the time and the space which are regarded as the world of the fantasy, the fantasy storytelling and the convention, the custom of the fantasy. Next, the meaning and the convention of the contemporary urban fantasy contents are discussed. Ultimately, through the contemporary urban fantasy contents analysis, the study traces changes in the fantasy genres understanding how the convention destruction of the fantasy genre generates the convention in contemporary urban fantasy contents. Finally, the study proposes the directions of the convention in contemporary urban fantasy contents production which would provide us with a new experience and a dimension of fun.