• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.7-15
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• 2008

Due to the limitations in the statistical data, the existing studies adopted rough methodologies with strong assumptions in the estimation of international passenger travel demand forecast in the ASEAN region. This study aims to develop international passenger travel demand models using scientific methodologies. This study proposes a direct demand model using the immigration and emigration data between countries in the region. This is because of the difficulty of estimating trip generation and trip distribution separately due to the data limitation in the region. As there does not exist the mode choice model for the region, this study estimates a mode choice model using the Stated Preference technique. The mode choice model is separated into three categories of models according to the range of distance between the origin and destination of travel; this is to reflect the different behavior in mode choice according to the travel distance. The result of model estimations suggests that the estimated models produce resonable results statistically. It is expected that the proposed models are useful for the future travel demand estimation in the ASEAN region.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.155-167
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• 2008

This paper studies a multiple user class variable demand user equilibrium and system optimal condition, and then establishes solution algorithms for them. The traffic network equilibrium is accomplished with basis on following assumptions. For considering heterogeneous road user, several user classes have discrete set of VOTs and the travel demand of each user classes varies according to generalized travel cost. this paper specifically investigates following question on multi-class variable demand: Are user equilibrium flows pattern dependent on the unit (time or money) perceived by road user classes? What is system optimal condition according to the unit used in measuring the travel cost or disutility? Finally, using this network equilibrium condition, The traffic assignment algorithm of each equilibrium condition are established.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.7-20
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• 2012

The objective of this paper is to construct pseudo-panel data set and estimate price and income elasticities of car travel demand, using 1995-2007 household income and expenditure survey data, in order to provide quantitative information for analyzing related policy effects in the transport sector. We categorized household survey data into 14 cohorts based on the birth year of the household head. As the result, a total of 133 pseudo-panel data sets was created for estimating price and income elasticities of car travel demand. Especially, price and income elasticities of car travel demand were separately estimated both short-term and long-term. We analyzed the panel model considering fixed effect within cohorts, using explanatory variables such as previous year's fuel consumption, real household income after tax, education level of the household head, the number of children under five, and the share of household type averaged by cohorts. As results, the short-term and long-term price elasticities of car travel demand were calculated as 0.2974-0.4280 and 0.4087-0.6275, respectively. Similarly, the short-term and long-term income elasticities were calculated as 0.3364-0.6281 and 0.7098, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.225-237
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• 1998

본 연구의 목적은 가로망의 구조 및 통행수요의 변화에 따라 통행 중 교통정보제공의 효과가 어떻게 달라지는가를 모의실험을 통하여 분석하고자 하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 실제의 대규모 가로망에 대하여 적용할 수 있는 통행배정기법을 제안하였다. 제안된 모형은 시간의 흐름에 따른 가로망의 상태를 고려하여 통행을 배정하는 방법으로 $\ulcorner$시간종속적 통행배정$\lrcorner$이라 명하였다. 본 연구에서는 가로망 형태(격자형 및 방사환상형), 가로망 크기, 통행수요의 지역별 분포, 그리고 교통혼잡정도에 따라 각각 시나리오를 작성하고, 각 시나리오에 대하여 모의실험 및 사례연구(노드 348개, 링크 1179개)를 통해 정보를 받는 차량의 비율에 따른, 그리고 정보를 제공하는 빈도에 따른 통행중 교통정보제공에 대한 효과를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 모의실험에서는 정보를 받는 차량의 비율이 30%~70% 구간에서 14%까지의 총체계비용의 감소효과가 나타났으며, 가로망의 규모가 클수록, 혼잡이 심할수록, 그리고 대안도로가 많을수록 교통정보제공의 효과는 커지는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.159-166
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• 2010

Trip distribution is to connect travel demand for each OD pair based on travel cost, trip production and attraction derived from trip generation step. In real world the travel cost is a function of travel demand, but existing models could not fully consider such functional relation between travel cost and demand, which leads to an equilibrium in trip distribution model. This paper proves the equilibrium trip distribution by using gravity model. In order to obtain such equilibrium this paper also presents a solution algorithm based on fixed point theorem. The algorithm will be tested with an example and confirmed the equilibrium solution of trip distribution.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.466-466
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• 1998

도로 교통의 혼잡이 나날이 증가되고 있는 현실 상황에서 이를 해결하기 위한 새로운 도로의 무제한적 건설은 정보의 예산절약, 필요한 도로용지 확보의 어려움, 환경오염 문제 등으로 인해 현실적인 한계에 이르렀다. 따라서, 이러한 도로의 혼잡상황에 효과적으로 대처하기 위해서는 승용차를 이용하고자 하는 수요를 대량수송이 가능한 대중교통 이용수요로 전환시켜야 하며, 이를 위해서는 대중교통의 서비스수준 제고 및 운영 관리 체계 등의 개선이 필요하다. 이를 위한 전략적 및 운영적 측면에서의 대중교통계획은 미래 대중교통수요의 정확한 예측을 전제로 하여 수립되며, 이러한 수요의 예측은 필수적으로 현실을 보다 더 정확하게 묘사해 줄 수 있는 통행배정모형을 필요로 한다. 대중교통 통행배정은 규칙적인 배차시간과 정해진 노선을 운행하는 고정서비스 시스템으로 구성되어 있어서 한 링크 상에서도 여러 개의 운행노선을 고려해야 하기 때문에 승용차 통행배정과는 독립적으로 취급되어 왔으며, 이로 인해 그 동안 많은 연구가 선행되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 본 연구는 교통예측 프로그램 중의 하나인 EMME/2에서 사용하고 있는 대중교통수요 통행배정 모형인 최적전략모형(Optimal Strategy Model)의 단점을 보완하기 위한 것이다. 최적전략모형은 수요 배정시, 최적전략에 속하는 경로들에 대해 단순히 운행횟수에 비례하여 수요를 배정함으로 인해서, 예를 들면 운행횟수는 많지만 환승이 많은 경로에 수요를 많이 배정하는 것과 같은 비현실적인 결과가 발생하기도 한다. 본 연구는 이를 개선하기 위해서, 두 가지 대안을 제시했다. 먼저, 노선배정에 우선되는 최적경로 탐색시 환승노드에서의 환승에 대한 벌점을 그 노선의 운행회수에 줌으로써 환승이 많은 경로에 수요의 배정이 적게 되도록 하는 방법과 두 번째로 수요의 배정시 운행횟수가 아닌 목적지까지의 통행시간과 대시시간에 따른 확률적 배분을 통해 기존 모형의 단점을 보완하고자 했다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.89-99
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• 2001

The conventional studies on equilibrium network design problem(ENDP) with fixed travel demand models assume that the future OD travel demand might not be changed even if the structure and the capacity of the network are improved. But this fixed demand assumption may loose its validity in the long-range network design because OD travel demand actually shifts with the network service level. Thus, it is desirable to involve the variable travel demand which is determined endogenously in the model in the optimal network design. In this paper a hi-level model formulation and solution procedure for ENDP with variable travel demand are presented. Firstly It is considered how to measure the net user benefits to be derived from the improved in link capacities, and the equilibrium network design problem considered here is to maximize the increase of net user benefit which results from a set of lift capacity enhancements within the budget constraints, while the OD travel demands and link travel times are obtained by solving the lower level network equilibrium problem with variable demand. And secondly sensitivity analysis is carried out to find the links to which the network equilibrium flow pattern is the most sensitive. Finally numerical example with simple network is carried out to test the validity of the model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.302-308
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• 2009

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of intercity rail passengers' and travel patterns based on the 2001 Seoul-Busan rail passengers' Travel Survey. Results representing personal characteristics such as age and income seem to affect on destination the income was not seen to be a critical effect on destination choice. The variables such as travel time, transfer status, and date for travel seem to be and recreation activity. However, the destination choice would be relationship between Seoul and all four destination cities. The insights gained of an activity-based rail travel demand model.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.379-395
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial characteristics of travel patterns and travel behaviors of transit users in the Metropolitan Seoul area. We apply the data mining techniques to explore the travel patterns of transit users from the T-money card database which has been produced over 10,000,000 transaction records per day. The database contains the information of locations and times of origin, transfer, and destination points for each transaction as well as the informations of transit modes taken via the transaction. We develop an data mining algorithm to explore traversal patterns from the enormous information. The algorithm determines the travel sequences of each passenger, and produce the volumes of support on each points (stops) of transportation networks in the Metropolitan Seoul area. In order to visualize the spatial patterns of travel demands for transit systems we apply GIS techniques, and attempt to investigate the spatial characteristics of travel patterns and travel demand. Subway stops located in the Gangnam area appear the highest peak for the travel origin and destination, while the CBD in the Gangbuk stands at the second position. Two or three sub-peaks appear at the densely populated residential areas developed as the high-rise apartment complex. Subway stations located along the Subway Line 2, especially from Guro to Samsung receive heavy travel demand (total support), while bus stops located at the CBD in the Gangbuk stands the highest travel demand by bus.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.28-38
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• 2019

The smart card data stores the transit usage records of individual passengers. By using this, it is possible to analyze the traffic demand by station and time. However, since the purpose of the trip is not recorded in the smart card data, the demand for each purpose such as commuting, school, and leisure is estimated based on the survey data. Since survey data includes only some samples, it is difficult to predict public transport demand for each purpose close to the complete enumeration survey. In this study, we estimates the purposes of trip for individual passengers using the smart card data corresponding to the complete enumeration survey of public transportation. We estimated trip purposes such as commute, school(university) considering frequency of O-D, duration, and departure time of a passenger. Based on this, the passengers are classified as workers and university students. In order to verify our methodology, we compared the estimation results of our study with the patterns of the survey data.