• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.46-54
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• 2001

도시녹지 면적 확대의 해결책으로 부각되고 있는 옥상정원은 조성이 용이해야 하며, 옥상정원 조성에 있어 가장 문제시되는 하중 또한 고려되어야 한다. 이러한 문제들로 인해 최근 경량 인공토양의 이용 필요성이 부각되고 있으나, 자연토양에 비해 고가(高價)라는 이유로 자연토양이 주로 이용되거나, 인공토양이 이용되더라도 대부분 무기질계 단종(斷種) 인공토양만으로 시공되고 있어 식물 생육측면에서 단점 보완이 요구되고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 옥상정원 조성에 이용 가능한 유·무기질계 인공토양들을 혼합 조성하여 그 물리·화학적 특성을 살펴보고, 각각의 혼합 인공토양 및 토심에 따른 식물생육을 조사해 봄으로써 이용 가능성을 살펴보았다. 12종류의 혼합 경량 인공토양 및 5종류의 토심(5, 10, 20, 30cm)으로 조성된 인공지방산에 2000년 6월 7일 비비추(Hosta longipes)를 정식하였으며, 정식 112일 후에 최종 생육조사를 실시하였다. 혼합 경량 인공 토양 및 토심에 따른 토양의 물리 화학성은 인공토양 분석법을 기초로 조사 분석하였다. 그 결과, 1) 질석;피트모스(1:1, v/v), 펄라이트:질석:피트모스(1:1:2, v/v/v), 펄라이트;피트모스;입상암면(1:1:1, v/v/v) 혼합 경량 인공토양에서 비비추의 생육이 가장 좋았으며, 물리·화학성도 다른 토양에 비해 양호하였고, 하중도 적게 측정되었다. 2) 토심에 따른 비비추의 생육에서는 토심 10∼20cm에서 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않아, 토심 10cm에서도 자생 초화류의 생육이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 3)또한 인공토양의 물리·화학적 특성과 식물 생육(생체중)과의 상관관계를 조사한 결과 전기전도도(EC), Na함량 및 토양표면 온도가 식물 생육에 있어 다른 요인들에 비해 더 큰 영향을 끼침을 살펴볼 수 있었다. 위의 결과들을 살펴볼 때 혼합 경량 인공토양은 토심을 낮추어 하중을 감소시킬 수 있을 뿐 아니라 식물 생육측면에서도 긍정적인 효과를 나타내 기존 건물의 옥상정원에서도 이용이 가능할 것으로 보인다. 그러나 본 실험에서는 더 나아가 저장기적인 혼합 인공토양의 물리·화학성 변화 및 식물생육을 살펴보는 연구 또한 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.231-234
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• 2003

Using lysimeter, oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of soil waters were monitored at a test site of Jeju university during November 2002 to June 2003. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of soil waters were found to reflect those of precipitation of the study area. Based on d-values, apparent residence times of about 2 and 4 months were found for infiltration of water through the soil layer to depths of 30 cm and 60cm, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.38-42
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• 1998

Soil venting이 오염토양중 가솔린의 용출거동에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 예측하기 위하여 가솔린의 휘발과 용해거동이 Raoult의 법칙에 의해 설명되어 질 수 있는지를 평가해보았다. 먼저 순수 가솔린의 용해거동과 휘발거동에 대해 검토해 보고 이후 토양중 가솔린의 거동에 적용하여 보았다. 가솔린성분들의 용해거동은 휘발에 의한 성분조성의 변화와 상관없이 Raoult의 법칙에 의해 비교적 정확하게 예측될 수 있었으며 오차범위는 naphthalene을 제외하고는 최고 $\pm$ 100% 이내였다. 오염토양의 형태로 가솔린이 존재하는 경우에도 Raoult의 법칙에 의해 정확히 예측될수 있었으나 토양중 농도가 초기 20,000 mg/kg에서 1,360 mg/kg로 감소한 경우에는 용출농도가 예측치의 50-70% 수준으로 낮은 경향을 보였다. 한편 soil venting시 휘발에 따른 조성변화를 Raoult의 법칙을 이용하여 산정하고 각 성분조성에 대한 개별물질들의 용출잠재성을 결정하는 모델을 이용하여 실험결과와 비교하여 보았다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2022

This study was performed to determine carbon (C) storage of urban parks [Hadae park (established year: 1977), Songlim park (established year: 1990), Pyeonggeo park (1992), Chojeon park (2005)] in Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do. The soil at 0-30 cm depth was collected to measure soil C concentration. Bulk density in all soil depths was not significantly different among the four parks, whereas coarse fragments (>2 mm) were significantly higher in the Chojeon park than in the Pyeonggeo park. Soil pH and electrical conductivity were highest in Chojeon park among four parks. Soil C concentrations in all soil depths were significantly higher in the Hadae park established in 19 77 compared with the other parks established since 1990. Mean soil C concentration at 0-30 cm was the highest in the Hadae park (1.04%), followed by the Chojeon park (0.87%), the Songlim park (0.75%), and the Pyeonggeo park (0.57%). Soil C storage at 0-10 cm was not significantly different among the four urban parks, whereas soil C storage at 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm was higher in the Hadae parks than in the other parks. Total soil C storage was significantly higher in the Hadae park (28,425 kg C ha^-1) than in the Pyeonggeo park (15,622 kg C ha^-1). Mean soil C concentration and C storage were positively correlated with silt content and negatively correlated with sand content. The results suggest that soil C storage of urban parks in Jinju-si might be related to the established period of parks and silt contents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.22-25
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• 2001

본 연구는 소수성 유기물로 오염된 토양의 계면 활성제를 이용한 복원에 토양의 조성이 미치는 영향에 대한 것으로서, 토양의 조성에 따른 배치실험 및 주상실험을 실시하였다. 복원 정도는 clay 함량에 따라 대우 달랐으며, clay 함량이 34% 미만일 때 복원율이 높았음을 보여주었다. 또한 clay 함량이 68% 이상일 때에는 복원율이 매우 낮았다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.487-493
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• 2007

This study was carried out to evaluate soil property between campsites located at Joongsanri, Daewonsa old, Daewonsa new, Baekmudong and their adjoining forest areas in the eastern area of Jirisan National Park. The survey results showed that there existed a significant difference(p<0.05) between the two areas in soil property, such as soil bulk density, soil hardness, soil pH, water infiltration and soil respiration rates. However, there was no difference in soil property by depth between surface soil($0{\sim}15cm$) and subsurface soil($15{\sim}30cm$) for the two areas(p>0.05). In case of soil bulk density, its values in campsites were significantly higher ($1.29{\sim}1.44g/cm^3$) than in forest areas($0.95g/cm^3$), while soil hardness was significantly lower(p<0.05) in forest areas($1.44kg/cm^2$) than in campsites($2.9{\sim}4.0kg/cm^2$). Soil pore space was significantly lower in campsites($45.7{\sim}51.4%$) than in forest areas(64.3%), and soil pH in forest areas indicated pH 5.46 and that of the campsites was distributed at the range from pH 6.49 to pH 6.38. In addition, water infiltration was significantly lower in campsites($0.79{\sim}2.06cc/sec$) than in forest areas(18.7cc/sec), while soil respiration rates were significantly higher in forest areas($0.58gCO_2/m^2/h$) than in campsites($0.13{\sim}0.34gCO_2/m^2/h$).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.89-95
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• 1999

본 연구는 임해매립지에서 토양의 화학적 특성을 조사하여 수목식재를 위한 합리적인 토양관리에 관한 자료를 얻고자 수행하였다. 토양조사는 시화매립지의 시흥공단에서 녹지조성 예정지를 중심으로 토지이용별 및 토심별로 실시되었다. 조사지역에서 개흙은 전기전도도와 치환성나트륨 백분율이 높은 염류알칼리성 토양 특징을 갖고있었다. 임해매립지에서 토양 pH 평균값은 7.8~5.7범위이었고, 주거/공단 완충녹지 토양에서 전기전도도와 치환성나트륨 백분율은 각각 3.76Sm-1와 35%로 조사지역 중에 가장 높았다. 토양 50cm 깊이에서 치환성 Na+의 평균함량은 1.76~2.80cmol+/kg으로 조사되었고, 치환성 Na+의 평균함량은 치환성 Ca2+보다는 낮았으나 치환성 Mg2+과 K+보다는 높았다. 토심별 염분농도는 50cm보다 100cm 깊이에서 높게 조사되었으며, 주거/공단 완충녹지는 전토심에서 염분농도가 수목에 영향을 주기에 충분할 정도로 높았다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.213-236
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• 2001

The ionic composition of soil solution is related to a nutrient uptake by plant. Many models for estimating ionic composition of solution have been developed, and most of them have been used for calculating a content of mineral and ionic species in a geochemical point of view. An approximation model considering both cation and anion in soil solution was developed. Variables such as pH, Eh, EC, cations(K, Ca, Mg. Na, Fe, Mn, Al, $NH_4{^+}$), anions(Si, S, P, CY, $NO_3{^-}$, $HCO_3{^-}$ and chemical equilibria of ionic species in soil solution were input into Excel sheet. The activities of soluble ion, ionpairs and complexes of input element were estimated by Newton-Raphson method using conditional equilibrium constant calculated by Davies equation and special models. Equilibrium contents of insoluble minerals and complexes were also calculated.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1137-1143
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• 2011

Optimum soil management of chestnut orchards is important to ensure high quality and yields of chestnut. This study was conducted to evaluate soil and green leaf characteristics by establishment periods of chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieb. et. Zucc.) orchards in Sancheong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do. Total 30 plots with the criteria of similar cultivation practices were chosen and classified into two establishment periods by over 20-year-old orchards (17 plots) and below 19-year-old orchards (13 plots). Soil bulk density was significantly higher (p<0.05) in over 20-year-old ($1.16g\;cm^{-3}$) than in below 19-year-old ($1.03g\;cm^{-3}$) plots. Soils in over 20-year-old plots were severely acidified with pH 4.56 compared to pH 4.73 in below 19-year-old plots. However, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium were not significantly different (p>0.05) between both establishment periods. Leaf area, leaf mass, and nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) concentration of green leaves were also not significantly different (p>0.05) between both establishment periods. The results indicate that soil bulk density in chestnut orchards is dependent on the establishment periods, while soil chemical property and leaf nutrient concentration may be little influenced by the establishment periods.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.245-252
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to investigate the distribution and compositions of clay mineral and to replenish the soil classification system in Korea. Soil layer samples were collected from 26 residuum and colluvium soil series out of 390 soil series in Korea, and then analyzed for soil physical and chemical characteristics, mineral and chemical compositions of clay in B horizon soils. Major clay minerals of residuum and colluvium were illite and chlorite in soils originated from the sedimentary rock such as limestone, shale, sandstone and conglomerate; quartz and kaolin in soils originated from rhyolite, neogene deposits, porphyry and tuff; and kaolin and quartz in the soils originated from granite, granite gneiss and anorthosite. Clay minerals in Korean soils were divided into 4 groups: mixed mineral group(MIX) mainly contained with illite, kaolin and vemiculite; kaolin group(KA) with kaolin and illite; chlorite group(CH) with chlorite and illite; and smectite group(SM) with kaolin, illite and smectite. The most predominant clay mineral group was kaolin group(KA) with kaolin and illite; an mixed mineral group(MIX) with illite, kaolin and vemiculite. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) of clay was low in the soils mainly composed with MIX and KA groups and silica-alumina molar ratio of clay was high in the soils composed with SM group