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Clay Mineral Composition of the Soils Derived from Residuum and Colluvium  

Zhang, Yong-Seon (National Institute of Highland Agriculture, RDA)
Sonn, Yeon-Kyu (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Jung, Sug-Jae (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Lee, Gye-Jun (National Institute of Highland Agriculture, RDA)
Kim, Myung-Sook (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Kim, Sun-Kwan (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Lee, Ju-Young (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, RDA)
Pyun, In-Hwan (Seosan Agricultural Technology Center)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer / v.39, no.5, 2006 , pp. 245-252 More about this Journal
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the distribution and compositions of clay mineral and to replenish the soil classification system in Korea. Soil layer samples were collected from 26 residuum and colluvium soil series out of 390 soil series in Korea, and then analyzed for soil physical and chemical characteristics, mineral and chemical compositions of clay in B horizon soils. Major clay minerals of residuum and colluvium were illite and chlorite in soils originated from the sedimentary rock such as limestone, shale, sandstone and conglomerate; quartz and kaolin in soils originated from rhyolite, neogene deposits, porphyry and tuff; and kaolin and quartz in the soils originated from granite, granite gneiss and anorthosite. Clay minerals in Korean soils were divided into 4 groups: mixed mineral group(MIX) mainly contained with illite, kaolin and vemiculite; kaolin group(KA) with kaolin and illite; chlorite group(CH) with chlorite and illite; and smectite group(SM) with kaolin, illite and smectite. The most predominant clay mineral group was kaolin group(KA) with kaolin and illite; an mixed mineral group(MIX) with illite, kaolin and vemiculite. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) of clay was low in the soils mainly composed with MIX and KA groups and silica-alumina molar ratio of clay was high in the soils composed with SM group
Keywords
Clay mineral composition; Residuum and colluvium; Parent rock;
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