• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.200-204
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• 1988

This study was conducted to evaluate effect of soil texture, organic matter, temperature and water regime on degradation of pretilachlor (2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl-N-(n-propoxyethyl) acetanilide) in the soils. The period of residual activity in soil treated with pretilachlor at rate of 60g a.i./10a was about 50 days. Also, period of reaching GR 50 value on the barnyard grass was about $25{\sim}27$ days. Degradation rate of pretilachlor in the sandy clay loam soil which has higher contents of organic matter and clay was faster than in the sandy loam soil. When organic matter was added to the soil, the rate of decomposition was accelerated. The faster degradation occurred under the $30^{\circ}C$ soil temperature by comparison under the $20^{\circ}C$. The rate of degradation in the soil was faster under the flooded conditions than under the wetted conditions.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the nutrition status, growth and fruit quality of 'Campbell Early' grapes in Hwaseong area. Organic matter content of 3 vineyard soils was significantly lower than standard value. P₂O₅ and K contents of Y vineyard and P₂O₅ of C vineyard were very high. But there were no significant differences in contents of Ca, Mg and CEC. Compared to the standard value. T-N, Ca and Mg contents of petiole were adequate. P₂O₅ contents of Y and C vineyard and K contents of Y vineyard were significantly higher than standard value. Berry firmness, color and bloom occurrence on fruit skin showed no differences among 3 vineyard. Soluble solids content poorly, yield per tree and goods fruit of C vineyard decreased significantly compared to the fruit in Y and H vineyards. Russetted fruit of Y vineyard, colored fruit of H vineyard, and unfertilized fruit, cracked fruit, and bitter rot were observed frequently.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.184-190
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• 2004

To analyze soil properties of unsaturated zone, we applied electrical resistivity tomography(ERT) of high resolution image. From linear relationship with each soil texture between results of ERT and soil properties such as electrical conductivity of pore water, water contents and ionic contents, we could be analyzed the result of ERT more effectively. Consequently, ERT can be useful for estimating soil properties between the two holes and evaluating indirectly pH and organic contents of soil.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.387-390
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• 2006

매립장주변의 대수층 특성과 수리지화학적 특성과의 상관관계 분석은 매립장 환경 위해 요인을 평가하는데 중요한 역할을 하며 이를 위해 생활쓰레기 매립장인 금산 매립장을 대상으로 연구를 수행하였다. 대수층 매질 특성을 파악하기 위해 토양시료를 채취하여 중금속 성분 및 pH, 전기전도도, 용존유기탄소, 양이온교환능력, 유기물함량, 토양 입도분석을 수행하였고, 수리지화학적 특성 파악을 위해 수질검층 및 지하수 시료를 분석하여 매립지역의 수직 및 수평적인 분포 특성을 파악하였다. 대수층의 토양특성과 지하수 수질특성의 비교분석 결과 침출수 집수정을 기점으로 침출수의 영향을 받은 관측정의 전기전도도(EC) 측정값이 배경 지하수에 비해 상대적으로 높은 값을 보여 주었다. 입도분석 결과 상부 표토에 가까운 50cm 이내의 토양은 농경의 영향으로 심부보다 상대적으로 실트질 토양이 많고 이보다. 심부의 토양은 사질 토양으로 되어 있었다. 이러한 투수성이 좋은 사질 토양은 지하수의 이동을 비교적 쉽게 유도하기 때문에 매립장으로부터 침출수가 누출되었을 때 지하수 흐름을 따라 빠르게 이동할 수 있는 통로로 작용될 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 1998

The cumulative deposition of $^{137}Cs$ in the soil of Korea has been studied. Using ${\gamma$-ray spertrometry, the conrentrations of $^{137}Cs$ were determined for the soil samples collected to a depth of 20 cm. The average accumulated depositions of $^{137}Cs$ were estimated roughly to be 2,501 ${\pm}$ $m^{-2}$ in the forest and 1,058 ${\pm}$ 322 Bq $m^{-2}$ in the hill. The inventory value of $^{137}Cs$ in the forest is about two times higher than that in the hill. Except for some cases, the concentrations of $^{137}Cs$ in the undisturbed soils decreased exponentially with increasing the soil depth. The influences of rainfall, organic matter content, clay content and pH on the deposition of $^{137}Cs$ were studied using the field method. Among these factors, the organic matter content played the most important role in the retention and relative mobility of $^{137}Cs$ in the soil. The other factors such as rainfall, clay content and pH showed weak correlation with the deposition of $^{137}Cs$ in the soil.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 1981

Some physical and chemical properties of forest soils in Korea were analyzed for providing the reasonable management methods of forest lands, Among 375 soil series surveyed until 1979, 93 soil series of forest soils were classified and analyzed according to their characteristics. Firstly soil data were classified into 5 categories by weathered products and secondly were classified and analyzed by parent rocks. The results are as follows: 1) In forest soils characterized by weathered products volcanic ash soils were proved to be the most fertile and alluvial soils were turned out to be the most infertile soils. Residual soils on mountain and hill were mostly on the average in all kinds of soil properties analyzed except total soil depth. 2) Igneous rocks developed rather infertile soils containing large amount of organic matter and available $P_2O_5$ with relatively deep soil depth and strong acidity. On the other hand sedimentary rocks produced rather shallow soils containing small amount of organic matter and available $P_2O_5$ but they were relatively fertile with weak acidity. 3) Among igneous rocks basalt and trachyte produced very fertile soils and granite and andesite produced slightly infertile soils. 4) Among sedimentary rocks limestone soils had high fertility neutral in acidity but low amount of available $P_2O_5$ 6) Alluvial sand produced generally very infertile soils with great soil depth comparing with the arable alluvial land with high fertility.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 1986

Soils and rice plants in wastewater irrigated area of the Mangyeong River receiving waster from the Jeonju Industrial Complex and municipal sewage were sampled at two depths to assess the nature and content of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, particularly with respect to distance from wastewater source. For metal levels of soils in these area, no difference in the heavy metal contents between the surface and the subsurface soils was found. Total contents of Cu, Pb and Zn in soils were negatively correlated with distance from the source. A positive correlation was found between contents of total and 0.1N-HCl extractable or $1N-CH_3COONH_4$ extractable heavy metals in surface soils of these area. Total contents of heavy metals in soils were positively correlated with clay, soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity. Heavy metal contents of brown rice sampled at the Jeon-ju Industrial Complex area ranged from 0.15 to 0.91 ppm for Cd, from 1.13 to 5.68 ppm for Cu, from 0.22 to 7.16 ppm for Pb and from 11.74 to 38.66 ppm for Zn. Negative correlation was found between the contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in the brown rice and the distance from the source. The contents of Cd, Cu and Zn in rice straw were positively correlated with those in the brown rice.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.59-67
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• 1997

To investigate the effects of organic matter and soil depth on soil water flow in a multi-layered soil, the saturated hydraulic conductivities(Ksat) were measured from the single- and multi-layered soil columns, that the soils were mixed with the oven-dried cow manure compost(CMC) at 4 different ratios such as 0, 2, 4, and 6% on a weight basis. The measured hydraulic conductivities(Ksat) were compared with theoretical hydraulic conductivity (Keff calculated by Jury's equation of effective hydraulic conductivity. In the single layered soil column saturated hydraulic conductivities(Ksat) were significantly decreased with increasing the application rate of compost. In the multi-layered the soil columns Ksat was also decreased with increasing rate of compost and soil depth. Calculated Keff showed the similar results of Ksat as obtained from the measured Ksat, whereas steadily increased with increasing soil depth. Therefore, modification of Jury's equation should be required to adapt theoretical Keff for Held application.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2008

Current soil remediation principles for toxic metals have some limitations even though they vary with different technologies. An alternative technology that transforms hazardous substances into nonhazardous ones would be environmentally beneficial. Objective of this research was to assess optimum conditions for Cr(VI) reduction in soils as influenced by ZVI(Zero-Valent Iron), organic matter and moisture content. The reduction ratio of Cr(VI) was increased from 37 to 40% as organic matter content increased from 1.07 to 1.75%. In addition, Cr(VI) concentration was reduced as soil moisture content increased, but the direct effect of soil moisture content on Cr(VI) reduction was less than 5% of the Cr(VI) reduction ratio. However, combined treatment of ZVI(5%), organic matter(1.75%) and soil moisture(30%) effectively reduced the initial Cr(VI) to over 95% within 5 days and nearly 100% after 30 days by increasing oxidation of ZVI and concurrent reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). The overall results demonstrated that ZVI was effective in remediating Cr(VI) contaminated soils, and the efficiency was synergistic with the combined treatments of soil moisture and organic matter.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.792-797
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• 2012

Glomalin-related soil protein has been suggested as an enhancer for soil stability by promoting the aggregation. In this study, we examined the concentrations of glomalin and characteristics of microbial community in 20 paddy soils sampled from Gyeongnam Province. Total soil glomalin as glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) had a significant positive correlation with soil organic matter (p<0.01) and soil dehydrogenase activity (p<0.01). The concentration of GRSP significantly correlated to soil microbial biomass carbon (p<0.001) and the total bacterial community (p<0.01) in paddy soils. In addition, the GRSP had a significant positive correlation with gram-negative bacteria community (p<0.05) and ratio of cy19:0 to 18:$1{\omega}7c$ (p<0.05) in paddy soils. In conclusion, the concentration of GRSP could be an indicator of soil health that simplify the inspection steps for sustainable agriculture in paddy soils.