• Title/Summary/Keyword: 토양 약제 처리

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A Study on the Evaluation Method of Soil Treatment Termiticide (흰개미 토양처리제 효과 평가 및 시험방안 연구)

  • Im, Ik Gyun;Jeong, Seon Hye;Chung, Yong Jae
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.177-186
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    • 2019
  • A Termiticide that is applied to the soil treatment method, one of the methods for preventing termites in Korea's wooden cultural properties, will be subjected to the leaching of the effective ingredient in treated soil by the moisture behavior of rain. As a result, termiticide is deteriorated and needs to be reprocessed, but the standards and evaluation methods are nonexistent in korea. Accordingly, a basic indoor evaluation measure was proposed for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the termiticide chamber and the calculation of the reprocessing period. First, avoidance and contact toxicity were assessed at two concentrations of the same termiticide as a method for assessing termiticide suitability. The evaluation of mortality revealed that the soil termiticide used in this experiment was non-repellent, and that death from contact was confirmed. Afterwards, artificial rainfall and soil penetration tests were conducted to determine efficacy of termiticide in soil and the approximate reprocessing period was calculated by comparing the weather data. Persistence evaluation revealed perforation by termites after continuous water exposure of more than about 160 to 170mm of water injection condition. Based on the results, compared with weather data for the last five years, the termiticide of concentration used in this experiment is expected to remain effective for about one year if treated after September. The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the establishment of a manual for the selection of termiticide for soil treatment by calculating the efficacy for termite mortality and the duration of the leaching effectiveness by water behavior in soil.

Change in concentration and bioactivity of soil-applied pretilachlor under various soil moisture conditions (다양한 토양수분조건에 처리한 pretilachlor의 농도 및 활성 변화)

  • Lee, Do-Jin
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.81-85
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    • 1999
  • Concentration change of soil-applied pretilachlor (2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl- N-2-propoxyethyl)-actanilide) was investigated under upland condition with various soil moisture contents ranging from 50 to 80%(water content by weight). Following pretilachlor from each soil solution was extracted by centrifugation using double tubes, its concentration was determined by HPLC. Pretilachlor concentration in the soil solutions were almost the same under various soil moisture conditions. However, the total amount of pretilachlor increased as the soil moisture content increased. With increasing soil moisture content, the bioactivity of soil-applied pretilachlor on inhibiting the growth of Echinochloa ultilis Ohwi et Yabuno and the absorption of $^{14}C$-pretilachlor in its plants were also enhanced. Our results demonstrate that the absorption of pretilachlor in plants varies with soil moisture content and thus the bioactivity of soil-applied pretilachlor on inhibiting plant growth is different under various soil moisture conditions at the same dosage based on air-dried weight.

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Agricultural Use of the Plant Growth Regulators II. Effect of Uniconazole and Pachlobutrazol Treatment on the Rice Seedling Growth (식물생장조정제의 농업적 이용 연구 II. Uniconazole과 Pachlobutrazol의 토양처리가 벼 묘대기 생육에 미치는 영향)

  • Soon-Chul Kim
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.292-297
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    • 1988
  • kW/1,000 kg in conventionally polished barley and 105 kW/1,000kg in cut-polished barley. Whiteness, water uptake ratio and expanded volume of cooked barley were 45.5, 225.7 and 283% in conventionally polished barley and 49.5, 312.7 and 318% in cut-polished barley, respectively.

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The Changes of the Activity of Nitrogen-containing Herbicides in Soils -Part 1. Effects of Nitrogen-Containing Herbicides on the Urease Activity in Soils- (함질소제초제(含窒素除草劑)가 토양환경(土壤環境)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) -제 1 보(第 1 報) 함질소제초제(含窒素除草劑)가 토양중(土壤中) Urease에 미치는 영향(影響)-)

  • Hong, Jong-Uck;Cho, Sang-Moon
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.217-220
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    • 1979
  • Effects of nitrogen containing herbicides, Asulam(methyl-(4-aminobenzenesulphonyl)-carbamate), dimetametryne (2-methyl-4-ethylamino-6-(1,2-dimethyl propylamino)-S-triazine) and linuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-metoxy-1-methyl urea) at rates of 0.5,2,4 mg/100g soil on urease activity were studied in urea added and unadded soil by incubating at $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 80 days. The enzyme activity was somewhat suppressed by asulam and dimetametryne in soils treated with urea. Unlike the above results, the enzyme activity in soil treated with linuron was kept higher as compared with that in soil treated with urea only.

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Population of Pesticide Resistant Strains in Cultivated Soils of Honam Area and Degradation of Chlorothalonil in soil (호남지역 농경지 토양에 분포된 농약내성균의 밀도와 살균제 Chlorothalonil의 분해)

  • Lee, Sang-Bok;Choi, Yoon-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.185-191
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    • 2001
  • To obtain the basic information for degradation of remaining pesticide accumulated in cultivated soil of Honam area, the resistant bacterial strains were investigated in Chlorothalonil(TPN). Mancozeb, Bentazone, and Butachlor levels of 100, $500{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$, and degradation of TPN by TPN-resistant bacteria in sterilized soil was studied under TPN levels 0, 10, 50 and $100{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$. A number of resistance strains were decreased with higher at concentration level of pesticide, and were higher in greenhouse than upland or paddy soil. The resistance of bacteria was strong in other of Bentazone> Butachlor> TPN> Mancozeb. The percentage of bacterial strains of resistance for pesticides isolated from the cultivated soil were the highest in Acinetobacter spp. and Corynebacterium spp., and the lowest in Moraxella spp. A number of TPN-resistant strains were the highest at the TPN level of $10{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$, and 5 days after strains inoculation, and were higher in Pseudomonas spp. TD-25 than TC-23 or strains in non-sterilized soil. The degradation of TPN was fast in order of strain TD-25>strain in non-sterilized soil >TC-23.

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Improvement of Control Effect by Change of Chemical Application Method on Clubroot disease of Chinese Cabbage Caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae in Field (배추 무사마귀병 방제약제의 처리방법 개선을 통한 방제효과 제고)

  • 장석원;홍순선;김성기;김희동;이은섭
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.39-42
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    • 2000
  • This study was conducted to improvement of control efficiency on clubroot disease. To improve the control efficiency on clubroot disease of chinese cabbage by chemical persistent effect, Flusulfamide DP was examined with soil mixed treatment. When Flusulfamide DP was applied, the more application times, the higher control value. The control value and marketable yield per 10a of the untreated cultivation plot after two application of Flusulfamide DP were 53.9%, 4,822kg, respectively. However, based on marketability and marketable yield, untreated cultivation plot after two application of Flusulfamide DP has been thought as economic application times compared to three times application. On the other hand, the combination of soil mixing and bed soil mixing treatment Flusulfamide DP was more effective than each treatment. The control value and marketable yield of the combination treatment was 73.3∼88.9%, 5,633∼5,770kg, those of soil mixing 66.7∼70.0%, 2,847∼3,167kg, respectively.

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Efficacy of a Soil Disinfection Machine for Fumigants to Clover Cyst Nematode (훈증성 약제 처리용 토양소독기의 클로버씨스트선충 방제 효과)

  • Ko, Hyoung-Rai;Lee, Sang-Hee;Kang, Tae-Gyoung;Kim, Tae-Hyeong;Kim, Sang-Su;Lee, Jae-Kook
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.72-78
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    • 2020
  • Clover cyst nematode, Heterodera trifolii, is one of the most important plant-parasitic nematode on Kimchi-cabbage in highland in Korea. Recently, a demand of soil disinfection machine for fumigants is increasing. This study was conducted to assess the control effects of a newly developed prototype soil disinfection machine to the cyst nematode. Two fumigants, dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and metam sodium (MNa), were treated using the machine in a field, which was infected with the cyst nematode. After 4 weeks, control effects of fumigants were assessed as eggs hatching rates inside of cysts extracted from the soil, and as a number of females reproduced in roots of Kimchi-cabbage. DMDS (39 l/10 a) suppressed over 99.0% of the eggs hatching rate and the number of females reproduced. On the other hand, MNa (29 l/10 a) controlled the egg hatching rates from minimum 78.3% to maximum 99.4%, and the number of females from 34.7% to 49.3%. The control effects of two fumigants to clover cyst nematode by treated depth were no significant differences statistically. These results showed that DMDS treatment using the soil disinfection machine was expected to have the control effects for the clover cyst nematode.

Control Efficacy of Flusulfamide GR on Chinese Cabbage Clubroot Caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae (Flusulfamide입제에 의한 배추무사마귀병의 방제효과)

  • Zhang, Xuan-Zhe;Lee, Sun-Uk;Kim, Jeom-Soon;Yoon, Yeo-Sun;Choi, Geun-Suk;Kim, Hak-Ki;Kim, Byung-Sup
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.43-47
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    • 2005
  • To investigate control efficacy of flusulfamide GR (granule) on Chinese cabbage clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, experiment was accomplished in field located in Gangneungshi alpine area contaminated by P. brassicae. Flusulfamide GR provided control value of 84.6% and that was statistically significant difference from standard fungicides containing untreated control. To investigate ratio of reduction of resting spore according to fungicide treatment, soil of Chinese cabbage field before and after fungicide treatment were sampled and investigated density of resting spore. Resting spore density was not uniform in soil before fungicide treatment. Therefore, to investigate control efficacy of fungicide against clubroot, investigation on resting spore density was conducted before experiment and reflected in experimental design. Flusulfamide GR and DP (dust powder) provided 64.2% and 63.7% of reduction of resting spore on field soil after fungicide treatments. This result indicated that control efficacy of the fungicides was correlated with reduction of resting spore of P. brassicae. The increasing rate in fresh weight of above-ground part of Chinese cabbage by flusulfamide DP and GR, fluazinam DP and trifloxystrobin SC (suspension concentrate) was 14.3%, 13.0%, 13.8% and 3.8%, respectively. From above result, flusulmide GR have outstanding control efficacy against clubroot of Chinese cabbage and is effectively decreasing of resting spore density in soil.

Chemical Control of Damping-off of Ginseng Caused by Rhizoctomia solani (인삼의 모잘록병 방제에 관한 시험)

  • Lee C. H.;Kim H. J.;Bae H. W.
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.17 no.3 s.36
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    • pp.143-147
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    • 1978
  • 1. The trials were planned to test ten different fungicides for the control of ginseng damping off Caused by Rhizoctonia solani in the laboratory and in the field. 2. Fungicidal activity was tested by soil drenching in test tube in the laboratory and with seedlings in t he seedbed naturally and artificially infested with damping-off organisms. 3. Promising chemicals to control damping-off of ginseng without marked phytotoxicity were Homai, Captan, Validamycin and Tachigaren.

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