• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.471-471
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• 2017

최근 기상 이변으로 인해 홍수, 가뭄 등과 같은 수재해가 빈번히 발생되고 있다. 이에 수재해예방 등의 안전 기술과 관련된 관심이 증가되고 있다. 수재해 예방을 위해서는 먼저 홍수, 가뭄 등과 같은 수재해 감시가 필요하며, 이를 위해 위성, 레이더 등으로 관측된 자료를 활용한 수문인자 정보는 매우 중요하다. 미국 NASA의 LIS(Land Information System)는 위성 및 지상관측 자료를 활용하여 홍수, 가뭄, 기상, 산사태, 농업 등의 정보를 생산할 수 있는 프레임워크이다. LIS는 크게 지표면 모델 및 자료동화를 위한 변수들의 전처리 과정(LDT), 지표면 모델을 활용한 분석 및 자료동화 과정(LDAS) 및 분석된 자료의 검보정(LVT) 과정으로 구성되어 있다. LIS에서 산출 가능한 인자는 Energy Balance, Water Balance, Surface/Subsurface State, Evaporation, Hydrologic, Cold Season Processes, Compared Data, Carbon 등 9개로 분류되며 약 78개의 인자를 산출한다. 홍수, 가뭄 등과 같은 수재해 감시를 위한 수문인자는 강수량, 증발산량, 토양수분, 지표면 온도 등을 비롯한 여러 가지 인자들이 필요하다. LIS는 주로 미국, 캐나다 등 평활한 지역에 활용되어 공간해상도는 약 10km(0.1deg) 이하로 자료를 산출한다. 산악 지형이 대부분인 한국 지형에 적용하기에는 자료의 정확성이 낮아 10km 이상의 공간해상도 자료가 필요하며, 한국형 수재해정보 플랫폼에서 홍수, 가뭄 등의 기초자료로 사용하기 위한 수문인자의 선정이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서 NASA LIS를 통해 산출 가능한 인자를 정리하고 한국형 수재해 정보플랫폼에 활용 가능한 수문인자의 항목을 조사하였다. 홍수, 가뭄 등 수재해 분석에 필요한 기초자료는 강우량, 유출량, 잠재적 증발산량, 식생의 증산량, 토양수분, 표면온도, 알베도 등의 수문인자이며, NASA LIS에서 이와 같은 수문인자 산출이 가능하다. NASA와 국제공동 연구중인 한국형 물순환분석 프레임워크(K-LIS(안)) 개발을 통해 한국 지형에 적합한 홍수 및 가뭄 등의 수재해 감시 평가 예측이 가능할 것이며, K-LIS에서 산출되는 고해상도의 수문인자들을 수재해 정보 웹 포털의 정보 제공 서비스를 통하여 손쉽게 접근 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.101-110
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• 2004

The growth and niche breath of four species, i.e., native plants such as Bidens tripauita and B. bipinnata and naturalized plants such as B. frondosa and B. pilosa var. minor, were studied as related with environmental gradients including light intensity, soil moisture and soil nutrient. There were no significant differences in the phonology within each environmental gradients while considerable differences were found between species; the two naturalized species bloomed and produced fruit later than the two native species. Two naturalized species exhibited relatively higher total dry weight than the two native counterparts within all environmental gradients. Total dry weight showed positive responses to light intensity and soil moisture, and negatively to soil nutrient. The relative contribution of the environmental factors to total dry weight decreased in the order of soil nutrient, soil moisture and light intensity. Both B. bipinnata and B. pilosa var. minor showed significantly higher net assimilation rate (NAR) than other species. Also, NARs of B. bipinnata and B. pilosa var. minor decreased with increasing soil nutrient. Relative growth rate (RGR) decreased in order of B. tripartita, B. bipinnata, B. frondosa and B. pilosa var. minor in response to light intensity. In addition, RGRs of B. bipinnata and B. piEosa yay. minor increased in response to soil moisture, while those of B. pilosa var. minor and B. tripartita decreased with increment of soil nutrient. No significant fluctuations of shoot/root ratio were not observed in three species, but a native species, B. tripartita showed n decreased shoot/root ratio in response to soil nutrient. Comparing the growth characteristics of the species, B. pitosa var. minor and 3. tripartita revealed vigorous growth on barren soil. On the other hand, B. frondosa exhibited vigorous growth on fertile soil. Morphologically, B. tripartita adapted to light and required considerable moisture. On the contrary, the leaves of B. bipinnata did not change considerably in their area, although it preferred habitat with abundant light. In terms of niche breadth, B. bipinnata showed the widest ranges of 0.875 and 0.845 for light intensity and soil moisture gradients, respectively. B. pilosa var. minor showed a value of 0.933 for soil nutrient gradient. B. tripartita showed narrow ranges for the three environmental factors, whereas B. frondosa showed wide values for light intensity and soil nutrient, but relatively narrow value for soil moisture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.559-561
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• 2008

본 연구는 저토심 저관리를 목적으로 한 옥상녹화시스템에 각시둥글레와 흰줄무늬사사를 식재한 후, 식물생육과 토양수분함량의 평가를 통해 적정 토양배합비와 토심을 추출하고자 실시하였다. 흰줄무늬사사의 경우, 적은 개체로도 높은 피복율을 나타냈으며, 7cm 실험구를 제외한 모든 실험 구에서 양호한 생장량을 보였다. 특히, 배합비율 6:2:2 실험구에서 초장, 근원직경, 엽폭, 엽길이, 엽병길이, 착엽수 모두 가장 높게 나타났다. 각시둥글레는 높은 고사율을 보여 옥상녹화에는 적합하지 않은 것으로 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 1982

Studies on the effect of soil moisture, different seasons, harvesting periods and nitrogen application on the nitrate content of radish(Raphanus sativus L. var. niger(Mill.) S. Kerner) were carried out in pot and green house. The results are as follows; The low level of soil moisture leads to an increased nitrate accumulation in radish root. The nitrate content was found to be higher in spring crops and lower in summer ones. It was decreased during harvesting period. The application of nitrogen fertilizer increased the nitrate content in radish root. We found the highest content in petioles with lesser content in roots and leaf blades in that order. The multiple regression analysis and the nutritional value of nitrate content in radish were discussed.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.51-64
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to develop a continuous rainfall-runoff model for flood prediction on a large-scale basin. For this study, the hourly surface runoff estimation method based on the variable retention parameter and runoff curve number is developed. This model is composed that the soil moisture to continuous rainfall can be simulated with applying the hydrologic components to the continuous equation for soil moisture. The runoff can be simulated by linking the hydrologic components with the storage function model continuously. The runoff simulation to large basins can be performed by using channel storage function model. Nakdong river basin is selected as the study area. The model accuracy is evaluated at the 8 measurement sites during flood season in 2006 (calibration period) and 2007~2008 (verification period). The calibrated model simulations are well fitted to the observations. Nash and Sutcliffe model efficiencies in the calibration and verification periods exist in the range of 0.81 to 0.95 and 0.70 to 0.94, respectively. The behavior of soil moisture depending on the rainfall and the annual loadings of simulated hydrologic components are rational. From this results, continuous rainfall-runoff model developed in this study can be used to predict the discharge on large basins.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.103-113
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 하수재이용에 따른 논에서의 토양염분 변화를 추정하기 위하여 경기도 화성시 수원환경사업소 인근에 위치한 병점지구를 대상으로 수문순환과 작물성장과의 관계를 고려한 SWAP (Soil-Water-Atmosphere-Plant) 모형을 이용하여 평가하였다. 실험에 사용한 관개용수는 지하수 (TR#1), 하수처리장 방류수+여과+UV (TR#3)로 분류하여 모형에 사용하였다. 유입관개수의 EC (Electrical Conductivity)는 지하수 관개수인 TR#1이 다른 처리구에 비해 작았고, TR#3의 경우 0.442~0.698 dS $m^{-1}$의 범위를 보였다. 모형의 보정과 검정을 위해서 대상지구에 FDR (Frequency Domain Reflection)을 설치하여 토양수분함유량과 염분농도를 토심에 따라 일단위로 모니터링 하였다. 토심 (50, 100, 140 cm)에 따른 토양함수량의 RMSE는 검정기간 중 TR#1에서 0.003~0.064 $cm^3\;cm^{-3}$, TR#3에서 0.001 $cm^3\;cm^{-3}$ 범위를 보여 주었고, 토양염분의 보정기간 중 토심별 RMSE는 TR#1에서 0.018~0.037 dS $m^{-1}$, TR#3에서 0.004~0.014 dS $m^{-1}$ 범위를 보여 적용성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 토양내의 염분수지 분석 결과, 토양에서의 염분저장량이 (-)로 나타나 토양내로 침출되는 것으로 나타났으며, WMRI (Water Management Response Indicators)을 이용한 분석 결과, 높은 침투능으로 인하여 토양에서의 염분 집적 영향은 낮은 것으로 평가되었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 1977

A laboratory study was made of liming on the extractability of phosphate added to the uncultivated acid soils differing in clay content. The experiments were conducted with different rates of calcium carbonate and triple superphosphate at field capacity and 50% field capacity. The concentration of extractable phosphate was greatly reduced by simultaneous addition of calcium carbonate in the loam soil. When samples of the loam soil were preincubated for ranging from 0 to 50 days in the presence of calcium carbonate prior to phosphate application, the extractable phosphate concentration increased with preincubation time, and more phosphate was extracted from the soil maintained at 50% field capacity during the incubation. However, the extractable phosphate concentration in the sandyloam soil did not change with preincubation time and was not affected by moisture status. It may be concluded that the extractability of added phosphate was influenced by not only liming time but physical properties of soil.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2000

A simulation model was used to examine the effects of climate variation on the tree-ring structure of Larix leptolepis trees growing at a plantation plot in Worak National Park in central Korea. The model uses mathematical equations to simulate processes affecting cell(tracheid) size variations for individual rings using daily precipitation and temperature measurements. Limiting conditions are estimated from temperature, day length and a calculated water balance. The results indicate that the seasonal growth is mostly limited by the soil moisture content and precipitation income during April and May. The April-May temperature also inversely influences the growth by increasing water losses from soil. The global climate-change scenario which includes regional warming(increasing temperature in spring-summer periods) appears to decrease the duration of optimal growths. Consequently, the model estimated that Larix leptolepis would lose the total production of xylem by 25%.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2018

Providing high-quality meteorological observation data at sites that represent actual farming environments is essential for useful agrometeorological services. The Automated Agricultural Observing System (AAOS) of the Korean Meteorological Administration, however, has been deployed on lawns rather than actual farm land. In this study, we show the inaccuracies that arise in AAOS data by analyzing temporal and vertical variation and by comparing them with data recorded by the National Center for AgroMeteorology (NCAM) tower that is located at an actual farming site near the AAOS tower. The analyzed data were gathered in August and October (before and after harvest time, respectively). Observed air temperature and water vapor pressure were lower at AAOS than at NCAM tower before and after harvest time. Observed reflected shortwave radiation tended to be higher at AAOS than at NCAM tower. Soil variables showed bigger differences than meteorological observation variables. In August, observed soil temperature was lower at NCAM tower than at AAOS with smaller diurnal changes due to irrigation. The soil moisture observed at NCAM tower continuously maintained its saturation state, while the one at AAOS showed a decreasing trend, following an increase after rainfall. The trend changed in October. Observed soil temperature at NCAM showed similar daily means with higher diurnal changes than at AAOS. The soil moisture observed at NCAM was continuously higher, but both AAOS and NCAM showed similar trends. The above results indicate that the data gathered at the AAOS are inaccurate, and that ground surface cover and farming activities evoke considerable differences within the respective meteorological and soil environments. We propose to shift the equipment from lawn areas to actual farming sites such as rice paddies, farms and orchards, so that the gathered data are representative of the actual agrometeorological observations.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.171-181
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• 1999

A field experiments was carried out to investigate the physicochemical properties of soil and cucumber growth in vinyl house when irrigation point was made at 0.2, 1/3, 0.5 and 1.0 bar. The obtained results was summarized as follow: The taxonomic class of the soil used was loam and each content of the required water was 4.4, 7.3, 9.6 and 13.4 mm per each irrigation time at 0.2, 1/3, 0.5 and 1.0 bar treatments in spring culture, respectively. At 0.2 bar and 1.0 bar treatments, interval of irrigation was 2.3 and 14.8 day, the times of irrigation was 37 and 6, and total irrigation volume was 163.5 and 80.3 mm, respectively. After cucumber culture, pH, EC concentration and exchangeable K content of soil at 0.2 bar treatment was distributed near to the level of improvement target while EC, available $P_2O_5$ and exchangeable base content in other treatments were higher compared to improvement target. At 1.0 bar treatment, ratios of the solid and liquid phase were 44.9 and 27.1%, respectively, and bulk density was $1.26g\;cm^{-3}$ which was the highest among the treatments. At 0.2 bar treatment, the ratio of the solid and liquid phase was 41.7 and 22.8%, respectively, and bulk density was $1.09g\;cm^{-3}$ which was the lowest. The root length and radius at 0.2 bar treatment were best, while those at 1/3 bar were worst. At 0.2 bar treatment, the total yield was 7,269 kg and the weight of good products was 5,677 kg which was the highest among treatments. At 0.33 bar treatment, the yield was the lowest with the high ratio of deformity.