• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.248-254
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• 1983

The effects of some soil conditions on the degradation rate and decomposing pattern of thiolix were investigated and the obtained results are summarized as follows: Thiolix degraded more rapidly in flood soils than in noon-flooded, and in wet soils than in dry soils under non-flooded soils. The degradation rates in non-flooded soils increased with higher pesticide concentration. Thiolix was more persistent in non-flooded soils under soil sterelization than under non-sterilization and degraded rapidly in glucose application. The metabolites identified from the soils by TLC and GLC include Thiolix alcohol, Thiolix sulfate, Thiolix ether and a unknown metabolite. Soil enzyme, acid phosphatase activity decreased at higher pesticide concentration, lower moisture contents of soil and the activity in glucose application was increased. Soil enzyme, urease and dehydrogenase activity decreased at higher pesticide concentrations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.1
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• pp.106-112
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• 1998

This study was conducted to figure out the relationships among soil chemical properties and bacterial biomass related to denitrification and sulfur-reducing and the activity of dehydrogenase, and ultimately to consider the usefulness of dehydrogenase activity as a tool for evaluating the dynamics of forest soil ecosystem. Four sites were selected for the collection of soil samples within two regions(Onsan industrial estate as a polluted region and Mt. Mani at Kanghwa island as a clean area) with two forest types (coniferous and deciduous stands). The soils of Mt. Mani showed higher amount of organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus than those collected from Onsan industrial estate, which indicated that the soils were more beneficial for microbial growth than those of Onsan. The dehydrogenase activity was more sensitive than the denitrifying bacteria or sulfur-reducing bacteria since the activity was significantly different between the regions and season while the two bacterial biomass were not significantly different between the two regions. In addition, the dehydrogenase activity showed relatively high correlation coefficients with organic matter(r=0.53, p=0.004), total nitrogen(r=0.41, p=0.008) and C/Ava. P-ratio(r=-0.52, p=0.001), which was thought to be closely related with microbial activity. Thus, the dehydrogenase activity was thought to be a useful index of soil ecosystem dynamics with considering that the technique need to be applied with the same soil texture for the comparison of the activity as other researchers indicated.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 1999

This experiment was carried out to elucidate change of antioxidant enzymes activities subjected to water stresses in soybean plant. In this study, we measured the activities of ascorbate peroxidase(APDX), monodehydroascorbate reductase(MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase(GR) subjected to drought or flooding stresses for 4days and following recovery for 3days. Leaves of two soybean lines subjected to drought or flooding showed premature senescence as evidenced by the decrease in water content and total soluble protein content but those of soybean leaves was increased when stresses were recovered for 3days. The activities of APDX and GR subjected to drought or flooding were the decrease but those of enzymes were recovered when water stress was recovered. The activities of MDHAR with drought or flooding were on the decrease, whereas those of DHAR were increased, respectively. Antioxidant contents decreased continually subjected to drought or flooding but it recovered after 3 days subjected to water stresses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.801-806
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• 2009

A species producing transglutaminase (EC 2.3.2.13) was isolated from forest soil and identified as Streptomyces platensis YK-2. The transglutaminase was purified from culture broth by 50% methanol precipitation, followed by successive chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex. The yield and purification-fold was 63.4% and 2.2-fold, respectively. The purified microbial transglutaminase (MTG) migrated as a single band of approximately 45 kDa upon sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresis. The isoelectric point determined by multichambered electrofocusing was pH $6.0{\sim}7.0$. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by $Hg^{++}$, but was activated by $Cd^{++}$, $Mg^{++}$, $Mn^{++}$, $Pb^{++}$ and reducing agents such as dithiothreitol and mercaptoethanol.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 2023

Probiotics have been isolated from various environments and Bacillus species are advantageous among the probiotic bacteria due to their ability to form endospores that can compensate for the limitation of typical probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria. The aim of this study is to investigate the probiotic potential of Bacillus species from Ulleungdo soil, known as an unpolluted environment in Korea. Soil samples were collected from various areas of Ulleungdo, and Bacillus spp. were isolated, and assessed for antibiotic resistance and enzymatic activity. Six Bacillus spp. were not resistant to all tested antibiotics and subsequently tested for enzyme activity. We found the six Bacillus spp. were all inactive β-glucuronidase enzyme, which can have detrimental effects on human health, and one of Bacillus spp. showed an activity of Leucine arylamidase suggesting its probiotic potential.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.324-328
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• 2008

One hundred-eighty extracts of soil collected from ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) fields were subjected to lettuce germination test, electrolyte leakage, cell viability and antioxidant enzyme activity test. Regardless of various cultivation periods, there was no significant difference in soil pH, the content of organic matter and available phosphate in ginseng fields. Based on lettuce seed germination test, six soil extracts showing inhibition of germination and/or seedling growth were selected for further study. Selected soil extracts markedly inhibited cell viability of ginseng cultured cells but leakage of electrolytes were not affected by the treatment. Enzyme activity of superoxide dimutase in ginseng cultured cells was not affected by the treatment with the soil extracts. However, those of peroxidase and catalase were significantly inhibited by the treatment with soil extracts which showed inhibition of lettuce seed germination and seedling growth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.110-114
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• 2005

인공적으로 디젤류에 오염시킨 5kg의 토양이 충전된 두 개의 실험 column을 이용해서 외부 온도변화 효과를 최소화하기 위해서 $25^{\circ}C{\pm}2.5$로 유지시켰으며, 유량속도도 10ml/min로 일정하게 유지시켰다. 또한 수분은 활동범위 능력의 $60{\sim}80%$에서 유지시켰다. 따라서 연속식과 간헐 주입식 모드를 운전비용의 감소 및 효율의 향상 측면에서 모드의 평가를 위한 방법으로 이용기간 동안 총세균 수, 유류분해균 수의 변화, 탈수소효소 활성도의 변화 추이 분석을 하였다. 두 venting 모드별로 본 총 종속영양균 수와 유류분해균 수는 모두 대등한 성장률을 보였으며, 반응일 수에 따라 비교된 탈수소효소 활성도 반응 90일 동안 비슷한 활성을 유지 했다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.8
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• pp.19-27
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• 1990

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of sulfur containing pesticides, captan, edifenphos, EPN, acephate, asulam, bentazone on arylsulfatase activity in soil incubated at $30^{\circ}C$ for 42 days with or without urea addition. The results obtained were as follows: When pesticides, captan, edifenphos, EPN, acephate, asulam, bentazone were treated in urea added and unadded soil, the activity of arylsulfatase was the highest at 7 days of incubation. The arylsulfatase activity in urea added soil was kept higher as compared with that of the urea unadded soil. When pesticides, captan, edifenphos, acephate, asulam, bentazone, were treated in urea added and unadded soil, the activity of arylsulfatase was inhibited at the entire experimental period. By the treatment of EPN in urea added and unadded soil, the arylsulfatase activity was decreased at the early stage of treatment, but increased after 28 days of incubation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.2
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• pp.270-275
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• 1998

The management of pine-mushroom forest means the environmental control for fairy ring of Tricholoma matsutake. Thus, the management demands intensive study for keeping healthy condition of the fairy ring, and that for the measurement of active portion of the soil ecosystem. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of T. matsutake fungus on the soil physicochemical properties and dehydrogenase activity by dividing the fairy ring into 3 regions such as 'zone of decayed mycorrhizae', 'zone of physiologically active mycorrhizae', and 'in front of fairy ring'. The passing of T. matsutake did not result in significant changes in canon contents of soils, but available phosphorus, carbon, and nitrogen contents were different between the soils of active mycorrhizal zone and that in front of fairy ring. The dehydrogenase activity around the fairy ring of T. matsutake was quite lower than that in general forest soils, which indicated that the fairy ring of T. matsutake was built up in the relatively immature soils which contain little organic matter. Thus, the dehydrogenase activity of soil was thought to be used as an index for the management of pine-mushroom forest with considering that the management practically means the environmental control for keeping good conditions for the development of fairy ring of T. matsutake. Especially, the dehydrogenase activity measurement can be recommended as a tool for time-decision of litter removal by floor raking since the activity is a good index of litter decomposition.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.262-270
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: Coal combustion bottom ash(BA) has high carbon and calcium content, and alkaline pH, which might improve nutrient cycling in soil related to microbial enzyme activities as it is used as soil amendment. However, it contains heavy metals such as copper(Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc(Zn), which could cause heavy metals accumulation in soil. Compost might play a role that stabilize BA. The objective of this study was to evaluate effect of combined application of BA and compost as soil amendment on heavy metals concentration, enzyme activities, chemical properties, and crop yield in upland soil. METHODS AND RESULTS: BA was applied at the rate of 0, 20, 40, and 80 Mg/ha under different rate of compost application (0 and 30 Mg/ha) in radish (Raphanus sativus var) field. Combined application of BA and compost more improved chemical properties such as pH, EC, OM, total nitrogen, available phosphate, and exchangeable cations of soil than single application of BA. Water soluble Mn and Zn concentration in soil significantly decreased with increasing application rate of BA. Decrease in those metals concentration was accelerated with combined application of BA and compost. Urease and dehydrogenase activities significantly increased with increasing application rate of BA. Phosphotase activities were not affected with single application of BA but increased with combined application of BA and compost. Radish yield was not affected by application rate of BA. CONCLUSION: From the above results, combined application of BA and compost could be used as soil amendment to improve chemical properties and enzyme activities of soil without increase in heavy metal concentration and decrease in crop yield in upland soil.