• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.19-24
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• 2002

항만공사같은 대규모의 매립공사에서 토공작업은 총공사비의 상당한 비중을 차지하므로 경제적인 시공을 위하여 절.성토량은 정확하게 계산되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 주어진 3차원 표고데이터를 지나는 스플라인 곡면을 구하는 알고리즘을 제시함으로써 좀더 정확한 토공량 계산식의 결정을 목표로 한다. 스플라인에 대한 흥미로운 수학적 결과는 무척 많지만 본 연구에서는 스플라인 곡면을 기술하고 또, 그것을 이용하여 토공량 계산을 위한 알고리즘개발을 목표로 하기 때문에 알고리즘과 프로그래밍에 필요한 수학적 내용을 기술하며 그 수치적 계산결과는 Maple 프로그램을 이용하였다. 그리고 정확도를 비교하기 위하여 기존의 방법인 선형점고법, Chamber법, Chen과 Lin의 이론을 컴퓨터프로그램하여 본 연구에서 제시된 방법과 정확도를 비교, 분석한다. 아울러 각 이론식의 결과에 대한 보다 정확한 검사를 위하여 x, y 함수식을 이용한 실험지형을 인위적으로 만들었으며 그 때의 값을 기준값으로 하였다. 따라서 실험수치지형에 대한 기준값이 절대값에 가까우므로 각 토공량식들의 오차규명을 보다 명확하고 확실하게 비교할 수 있도록 하였다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.143-161
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• 2010

In this study, EWS (Earth Work System), the earth-volume estimation program was developed in a way that could enhance efficiency of civil engineering construction through precise earth-volume modeling based on the 3D geospatial information. In this program, it is possible to estimate the precise earth-volume using LiDAR DEM and to establish the earth work plans based on the unit workload of the construction equipments. Also, EWS program can support the 3D visualization of the final results through Google Earth in order to understand intuitively or share the results of earth-volume estimation in the construction project. For verifying the possibility of appling EWS program to construction project, the construction site of Shin-Pochun substation in Shinbuk-myun, Pochon-City, Kunggi Province was selected as a study area and the results of earth-volume and earth work plans estimated from EWS program were compared with those of DAS program. As a result of comparison between EWS and DAS program, the more accurate earth-volume can be estimated by using 3D geospatial information and more reasonable earth work plan can also be established when use the EWS program was developed in this study. Thus, EWS program can enables improvement of productivity by establishing efficient construction plan in the construction site.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.197-204
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• 2007

Nowadays, the construction industry is suffering from the decrease of labor productivity caused by the lack of skilled workers and the aging labor forces. The hazardous work conditions and safety problems still exist at the construction sites. The earthwork operation is not the exception. The number of skilled earthwork equipment operators has been rapidly reduced and the equipment needs to be operated in dangerous / hazardous work sites. Thus, through the development of intelligent excavating system, Intelligent Excavating System(I.E.S) research team tries to enhance the safety of work environment, productivity, quality, and payability of the earthwork operation. It is also expected that this research contributes to the development of fundamental construction automation technologies and to the creation a new market sector.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.4D
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• pp.433-442
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• 2010

Recent decrease in the availability of experienced skilled labor and a corresponding lack of new entrants has required the need for automating many of the construction equipment used in the construction industry. In particular, excavators are widely used throughout earthwork operations and automating its tasks enables work to be performed with higher productivity and safety. This paper introduces an optimal path generation method which is one of the core technologies required to make "Intelligent" excavators a reality. The method divides a given earthwork area into unit cells, identifies networks created by linking these cells, and identifies the optimal path an excavator should follow to minimize its total transportation costs. In addition, the method also accounts for drainage direction and path continuity to ensure that the generated path considers site specific conditions.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.363-375
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• 2013

Today, a shortage of the skilled operator has been intensified gradually and the necessity of an earthwork in extreme environment operators are difficult to access is increasing for the purpose of resource development and new living space creation. For this reason, an effort to develop an unmanned excavation robot for fully automated earthwork system is continuing globally. In Korea, a research consortium called 'Intelligent Excavation System' has been formed since 2006 as a part of Construction Technology Innovation Program of Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs of Korea. Among detailed technologies of the Task Planning System is one of the core technologies of IES, this paper explains research and development process of the Local Area Design Module, which provides informatization unit to create automated excavators' work command information at operation level such as location, range, target, and sequence for excavation work. Designing of Local Area should be considered various influential factors such as excavator's specification, working mechanism, heuristics, and structural stability to create work plan guaranteed safety and effectiveness. For this research, conceptual and detail design of the Local Area is performed for analyzing design element and variable, and quantization method of design specification corresponding with heuristics and structural safety is generated. Finally, module is developed through constructed algorithm and developed module is verified.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 1990

The purpose of this thesis lies in proving the practicality of photogrammetry and in promoting photogrammetry in earthwork which plays a major role in civil engineering projects. Analysis of accuracy in the determination of ammount of earthework was done by applying interpolation methods in digital terrain model. As a result of analysis of the data acquisition method, in cross-section method produced acceptable accuracy from Simpson's three-eighths rule and prismoidal rule. In results DTM, we have obtained the fact that earthwork calculation accuracy was increased by applying two or more interpolation methods. Therefore, the method by digital terrain model using aerial photograph has proved to be more efficient.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.275-276
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• 2016

토공 작업현장의 정확한 계측을 위해 3차원 스캐너(Terrestrial Laser Scanner, TLS)의 이용이 점차 확대되고 있으며, 스캐너를 통해 취득한 원지형 디지털 정보를 건설기계 장비 자동화를 위한 기초자료로 활용하는 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 3차원 지형정보를 취득하기 위해서는 현장측정 및 후처리작업이 필요하며, 현장측정과 후처리를 위한 방법 선택에 따라, 측정 정밀도 및 소요시간이 달라진다. 본 연구에서는 최적 스캐닝 플랫폼 구축을 위해 현장측정 및 후처리 방법에 따라 변화하는 정밀도 및 생산성을 계측 분석하는 방법을 제안하였다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.1 s.29
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• pp.73-79
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• 2006

Even though graphical simulation is very useful for construction planning, the application of graphical simulation has a limitation in dealing with objects without fixed form like earthmoving process. In this case, the mathematical/statistical simulation about the productivity of the whole processes based on the numerical data of working time, waiting time and working capacity of using equipment becomes effective. The mathematical/statistical simulation is not fully utilized in the field of construction due to the difficulties of creating process models and securing trust the numerically expressed results of simulation. In this research, the output of discrete-event simulation programs which are the most common mathematical/statistical simulation tool for construction processes were analyzed for the purpose of earthmoving process visualization. The purpose of this research is to develop a graphical simulation system that can help the construction planner select most suitable equipment and construction methods through the visualize the numerical simulation results of the working time, the queuing time as well as the amount resources etc.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.625-631
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• 2008

Correct evaluation of cut and fill volume of soil is one of the most important factors which controls construction cost in enormous construction sites. To achieve accurate computation of soil volume in construction site precise surveying is required, however most of construction sites adopt existing optical surveying instruments such as Total Station. The problem when using these optical instruments in construction sites is that these instruments take longer time in data acquisition. Due to insufficiency of computation time accurate and precise observation cannot be accomplished with these equipments. As a result roughly calculated earthwork volume may cause arguments between contractors and supervisors in the matter of reduction or increasement of total construction cost. In this study VRS-RTK Surveying is adopted to perform fast and accurate in-situ surveying for rapid computation of soil volume. This VRS-RTK Surveying system is proved to have more accurate three dimensional coordinates with high density and better economical solution with less manpower.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1609-1623
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• 2014

A number of studies have been conducted recently regarding the development of automation systems for the construction sector. Much of this attention has focused on earthwork because it is highly dependent on construction machines and is regarded as being basic for the construction of buildings and civil works. For example, technologies are being developed in order to enable earthwork planning based on construction site models that are constructed by automatic systems and to enable construction equipment to perform the work based on the plan and the environment. There are many problems that need to be solved in order to enable the use of automatic earthwork systems in construction sites. For example, technologies are needed for enabling collaborations between similar and different kinds of construction equipment. This study aims to develop a construction system that imitates collaborative systems and decision-making methods that are used by humans. The proposed system relies on the multi-agent concept from the field of artificial intelligence. In order to develop a multi-agent-based system, configurations and functions are proposed for the agents and a framework for collaboration and arbitration between agents is presented. Furthermore, methods are introduced for preventing duplicate work and minimizing interference effects during the collaboration process. Methods are also presented for performing advance planning for the excavators and compactors that are involved in the construction. The current study suggests a theoretical framework and evaluates the results using virtual simulations. However, in the future, an empirical study will be conducted in order to apply these concepts to actual construction sites through the development of a physical system.