• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.921-924
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• 2007

토목, 건축과 관련된 노동현장은 여느 3D 업종들과 마찬가지로 숙련된 기능공의 부재 및 산업재해 발생으로 인해 어려움을 겪고 있으며 이를 극복하기 위한 노력을 계속하고 있다. 대표적인 토목공사인 토공 작업 역시 위험 혹은 유해한 작업환경으로 인해 토공장비의 안전사고 및 생산성과 품질저하가 발생하며 이를 방지하기 위한 장비의 지능화가 절실하게 요구되고 있다. 이를 위해 최근 지능형 굴삭 시스템 개발을 위한 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 토공작업은 일반적으로 광범위한 작업영역을 가지기 때문에 지능형 굴삭시스템의 개발을 위해서는 효율적인 작업을 수행할 수 있도록 하는 작업계획의 수립이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 작업계획의 대상을 굴삭로봇과 토사로 구분하였으며, 글로벌 영역에서 단위작업 영역, 로컬 영역으로의 분할을 통해 전체 작업 진행에 대해 효율적으로 작업계획을 수립할 수 있도록 구성하여 계획단계에서부터 토공작업 자동화 및 효율와에 기여하고자한다. 토공작업계획 시스템은 토공 작업자 및 감독자의 작업 특성 및 노하우를 컴퓨터, 즉 두뇌에 부여함으로써 숙련된 장비조종자의 작업 방법 및 특성을 반영하여 토공 작업 프로세스 모델링을 구축하고 실제 작업환경상의 센서에 의해 측정된 데이터를 실제 작업환경과 동일하게 모델링된 컴퓨터내의 가상환경을 바탕으로 영역분할, 최적 플랫폼 위치선정 및 작업 순차생성을 통해 최적의 토공작업계획을 수립할 수 있도록 한다.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.375-378
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• 2011

건설공사에서 토공사가 차지하는 비중은 타공종에 비하여 높다. 즉 건설공사의 생산성을 향상시키기 위하여 토공사를 중점적으로 관리하는 일은 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 현재의 토공 시스템은 굴삭 조종자와 현장 계획 관리자의 경험적 지식에만 의지하여 토공 계획을 수립하고 있는 실정이며, 또한 노동 집약적 토공작업의 한계를 벗어나지 못하는 현실로 인하여 토공사를 관리함에 어려움이 있다. 이러한 당면 과제를 극복하고자 BIM 기반의 토공 시스템에 대하여 소개하고자 한다. 본 논문에서는 굴삭 장비와 연계하는 토공 계획과 운영 자동화 시스템에 대하여 주로 다루게 된다. 굴삭 작업 계획 생성 시스템, 장비 조종 인터페이스, 웹 기반 Project Management Information System(PMIS)이 개발되는 과정에서 적용된 BIM 요소기술에 대하여 살펴본다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1191-1202
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• 2013

The former researches on earthwork automation were mainly focused on GPS and sensor application, environment modelling, equipment path planning, work information management, and remote control etc. Recently, reducing $CO_2$ emission becomes one of main focuses for an automation research. In the case of earthwork operations, many kinds of construction machines or robots are involved, which can cause high level of $CO_2$ in a construction site. An effective earthwork plan and construction machine operation can both increase productivity and safety and decrease $CO_2$ emission level. In this research, some automation concepts for green earthworks are suggested such as a 3D construction site model, a 3D earthwork distribution based on two different earthwork methods, and an earthwork package construction method. A excel-based simulator is developed to generate the 3D earthwork distribution and to estimate the level of $CO_2$ emission for the given earthwork.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.343-346
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• 2007

Recent advances in automation and robotic technologies in the manufacturing industry suggest that the greater level of automation may be extremely beneficial for the construction industry. However, only some of the high-technology advances may be applied to the construction industry due to the fast-changing construction environment in which work locations are constantly changing and material, equipment, and workers are always moving. The earthwork operation for site development is a good candidate for applying automation technology, because it is a very repetitive and tedious task and needs lots of construction equipment. This paper presents the model of a construction environment and a moving plan for an automated earthwork system, which can produce an effective moving path of an excavator platform with an Octree model. To generate the moving path, the know-how of skilled operators and construction managers is added in the proposed model.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.101-109
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• 2016

During road construction, minimizing haul and return distances as well as keeping a balance between cut and fill quantities are two of the key tasks for earthmoving operation planning. The result of the earthwork planning has a significant impact on the construction cost and duration. Although there have been research efforts regarding optimized earthwork planning using linear programming, the current practice of selecting earthwork planning methods typically depends on a field manager's intuitive and/or experimental knowledge. Furthermore, there is no system considering earthwork influential field factors including the transportation distance, the earthwork quantity, and the recycling ratio of earth volume. Therefore, this research focuses on the development of such a model for planning the optimized earthwork to increase the efficiency of a road construction. The proposed model is developed based upon the transportation problem method which is a part of Linear Programming. The application result of optimization model on a case study shows that the duration and cost for earthwork ha sbeen reduced approximately 19% and 11% respectively

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.551-564
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• 2016

Earthworks are the fundamental steps in a construction job, and are mainly comprised of smaller tasks performed by construction machinery. The productivity of the construction job can be improved by optimizing excavation, filling, and other such operations. Earthworks involve a lot of mechanical work performed by the collaboration between various kinds of construction equipment, which in turn leads to higher fuel consumption. Actual earthworks depend mostly on the intuition and experience of the driver of the machines, thus leading to inefficiency and environmental problems caused by unnecessary emission of carbon, Recently automated and information-oriented technologies are consistently being researched towards the improvement of efficiency of earthworks in the construction industry. The present research involves the introduction and understanding of the decision-making elements of heuristics which can be applied to the earthwork planning. A method is also suggested for creating an effective work path for construction machine to perform task packages (TP) for cutting and filling processes. A simulation test is performed to verify the effectiveness of suggested methods in terms of space interference and total moving distance of construction equipment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.3D
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• pp.259-267
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• 2012

The development of construction automation systems is proposed as a potent solution to the difficulties encountered by the construction industry and the preparation for the rapidly changing construction environment. A research concerning an intelligent excavation system has taken place since 2006. The intelligent excavation system has several functions for environment sensing, 3D site modeling, work planning, work path generation, unmaned control, and information management. This paper presents a space information model and a work path simulator for work planning and work path generation which is one of key technologies required to apply the earthwork system to the real world. A data structure for an earthwork site is suggested. It overcomes the limitations of previous data structures such as Quadtree and Octree. The work path simulator can generate an effective work path with considering information on work environment, equipment and operator's heuristic. The work path generated by the simulator is compared with that suggested by human operators.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.78-86
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• 2020

Dozer is an expensive construction equipment and has a significant performance impact on earthwork performance. A machine guidance system has been applied to dozer equipment as a solution that can improve the performance. The system can provide earthwork-related information to equipment operators so that earthworks can be carried out with minimum support from surveyors. Construction Equipment Machine guidance has the function of supporting earthwork according to an earthwork plan by providing excavation-related information to machine operators. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance improvement of a machine guidance system for an dozer earthwork operation, and to compare the machine guidance method with the traditional method. The performance has been evaluated in two folds: 1) productivity and 2) accuracy. The productivity shows the quantity of earthwork for a given unit time. The accuracy shows the deviation of grading level from the designed level on the construction drawing for earthwork. The machine guidance system has been applied to a testing bed in a construction site. Data comparison analysis showed that the earth earthwork had 46.59% improvement in productivity as well as 46.96% improvement in accuracy, and is expected to provide a tool for applying smart constrction to the earthwork operation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.301-304
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to embody the integrated working management system for public works, focused on the management of surplus soil at a field of public works. The contents and results of this study can be classified into the design of working management DB for public works and the embodiment of working management DB. First, the design of working management DB for public works consists of three DBs - process management to analyze work plan and performance. for backhoe loader, working management and resources management for equipment and labor management - in connection with work and resources classification system. Secondly, the working management system for public works can describe work plan and performance on a floor plan using graphic. Based on this, the status of process and progress report with visual expression had been developed to facilitate the communications and performance of duties among staff in charge at the field of public works. This study is a specialized system for a company specializing in public works and a system that can be put into practical use if practicality is proved through test-bed with regard to business.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2010

In this study, an earth work design program which will improve the efficiency of earth work and enable to carry out the design using 3D Geospace-based earth work modelling in design stage was developed. Estimate of accurate earth work volume is achievable using 3D grid DEM, and based on this, a mass calculation chart was developed for movement of earth and equipment. In consideration for the resources for various construction equipments needed for civil engineering works, soil conversion and the passage is displayed. In addition, the result is restored in the form of open API-based KLM to make it possible for the users to identify the progress of the construction, thereby enhancing the intuitive understanding of three-dimensional visualization and making it easier to share the result of the analysis.