• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.251-259
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• 2006

For the electrification of the existing railways, the security of the restriction boundary of building with mechanistic stability research on the antiquated tunnel must be accomplished essentially. If the tunnel don't secure its restriction boundary of building, the reconstruction based on improvement of tunnel alignment are generated and its surveying data are required. The precise surveying was conducted with the same coordinate system for three tunnels of Youngdong tramline, and the restriction boundary of building of the straight and curve section were analyzed effectively by acquiring the data of profile and cross section, profile rail-height, rail-grade, cross tunnel height, and restriction boundary of building. This study is presented for valuation data of the stability of the electrification design to construct and analyze restriction boundary of building, which compared with the drawing and its existing design using profile and cross section. After this, it is interoperable to increase the development of real-time monitoring system on the tunnel structures.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.91-104
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• 2008

In tunnels, safety factor concept has been suggested to estimate their stability quantitatively. It is merely limited in the framework of mechanical analysis. However safety factor concept has not been applied in hydro-mechanical coupled analyses due to their modelling complexity. Recently studies on this topic are being actively made. In this study, induced drainage modelling methods for hydro-mechanical coupled analyses are compared and analyzed to estimate safety factor of a subsea tunnel exactly. To this end, methods both controlling hydraulic characteristic of shotcrete and using a drainage well are considered. Sensitivity analysis were carried out on rock class, thickness of shotcrete, and hydraulic properties of rock mass. As the results of this study, it turned out that the induced drainage modelling using a drainage well would give more reliable results than that of controlling hydraulic characteristic of shotcrete in estimating tunnel stability in hydro-mechanical coupled analyses.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.189-198
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• 2009

Recently the concern about the construction of underground structures such as oil and food storage caverns is increasing in Korea and abroad. The stability of those underground caverns is greatly influenced by shape factor and the size of excavation area as well as the joint conditions. In this study, therefore, the effect of the shape factor of an underground cavern on its stability was analyzed in terms of safety factor. To this end, four different shape factors of a cavern excavated in good rock conditions were investigated and sensitivity analyses were performed based on overburden, lateral earth pressure coefficient, joint spacing, properties, and orientation. The stability of a cavern is evaluated in terms of safety factor estimated numerically based on the shear strength reduction technique. In future, this study is expected to be helpful in designing and evaluating the stability of caverns excavated in discontinuous rock masses.

• Proceedings of the KSEG Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.211-218
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• 2002

TBM 터널굴진시 공법적합성을 평가하기 위한 현장조사 및 물리탐사와 세부지질조사를 수행하였다. 해당지역은 부산시 진구 가야동과 동구 수정동이며 인근 수원지인 덕정정수장에서 생산하는 수돗물을 수정산 배수지까지 확대 공급함으로서 송수공급 계통의 이원화로 안정적인 수돗물공급을 수행하기 위한 배수지터널이다. 이론적으로 굴착속도는 암반의 반발경도, 일축압축강도, 석영함량 및 각종 지질특성에 의하여 좌우되는데, 실지 시공에 있어서는 현장여건상 지질조건이나 일축압축강도등 한정된 자료들을 토대로 시공에 임할 수밖에 없다. 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위한 모형개발을 목표로 본 연구에서는 다양한 현장시험을 토대로 한 TBM 굴진 적합성을 검토하고자 하였다. 국내 시공경험상 및 지질특성만을 고려 할 때 본 과업구간의 TBM 적용성은 양호할 것으로 판단하였으나, 뚜렷한 근거에 의거하지 않은 설계는 시공단계에서 엄청난 손실을 야기하게 되므로 보다 상세한 검토를 수행하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 TBM 공법선정의 적합성을 검토하기 각종 조사 자료들을 정리하였고, 국내시험의 한계점들을 극복하기 위한 적합한 모형개발의 필요성을 제시하고자 하였다.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-126
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• 1998

Ground settlements induced by tunnel excavation cause the foundations of the neighboring building structures to deform. An expert system called NESASS( Neural network Expert System for Adjacent Structure Safety analysis) was developed to analyze the structural safety of such building structures. NESASS predicts the trend of ground settlements resulting from tunnel excavation and carries out a safety analysis for building structures on the basis of the predicted ground settlements. Using neural network technique. the NESASS learns the database consisting of the measured ground settlements collected from numerous actual fields and infers a settlement trend at the field of interest. The NESASS calculates the magnitudes of angular distortion, deflection ratio, and differential settlement of the structure. and in turn, determines the safety of the structure. In addition, the NESASS predicts the patterns of cracks to be formed in the structure, using Dulacska model for crack evaluation. In this study, the ground settlements measured from Seoul subway construction sites were collected and classified with respect to the major factors influencing ground settlement. Subsequently, a database of ground settlement due to tunnel excavation was built. A parametric study was performed to select the optimal neural network model for the database. A comparison of the ground settlement predicted by the NESASS with the measured ones indicates that the NESASS leads to reasonable predictions. The results of confidence evaluation for safety evaluation system of the NESASS are presented in this paper.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.405-420
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• 2008

Resistivity survey is one of the widely used methods for the investigation of stability of the ground or bedrock around tunnel and is also used as an essential base data for stability and reduction of construction cost through first-hand approximation of rock quality at design step. Generally, the analysis of resistivity survey data is performed by single measurement. When distribution variation of groundwater around a tunnel over time is necessary for maintenance of a tunnel, resistivity monitoring is very useful survey method to grasp distribution variation of groundwater. So we performed the grid line resistivity survey to monitoring resistivity variation for six times. And we also tried to evaluate application possibility of the resistivity monitoring for construction safety through providing detailed information on fault zones.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.120-129
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• 2013

It is important to measure the displacement behind and ahead of a tunnel face during construction for evaluating mechanical stability by comparing it to a displacement criteria set by tunnel designers. The 30 m long horizontal inclinometer was installed frontward from the tunnel face and the displacement occurred ahead of a tunnel face during excavation was measured by using it. Tunnel arch settlements behind tunnel face were surveyed using a settlement pins on the arch. So total settlement and longitudinal displacement curve were obtained combining settlement measured by both the horizontal inclinometer ahead of tunnel face and the settlement pins behind the tunnel face.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.408-420
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• 2010

It is important to forecast the final deformation of a tunnel during construction for evaluating its mechanical stability. In this study, the final deformation of a tunnel is forecasted by fitting tunnel deformations measured while excavating to a displacement function and exterpolating it. The tunnel for the study was built in two stages divided into an upper and a lower part. During the lower part construction of the tunnel, the displacement function forecasts the final incremental displacement well compared to the increment measured after completion of the tunnel. It is because the critical initial displacement occurred on passing the measurement pins can be adequately measured during excavating the lower part, which can not be measured during the upper part excavation of the tunnel.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2016

In a performance-based design, the structural safety is estimated from pre-defined damage states and corresponding damage indices. Both damage states and damage indices are well defined for above-ground structures, but very limited studies have been performed on underground structures. In this study, we define the damage states and damage indices of a cut-and-cover box tunnel which is one of typical structures used in metro systems, under a seismic excitation from a series of inelastic frame analyses. Three damage states are defined in terms of the number of plastic hinges that develop within the structure. The damage index is defined as the ratio of the elastic moment to the yield moment. Through use of the proposed index, the inelastic behavior and failure mechanism of box tunnels can be simulated and predicted through elastic analysis. In addition, the damage indices are linked to free-field shear strains. Because the free-field shear strain can be easily calculated from a 1D site response analysis, the proposed method can be readily used in practice. Further studies are needed to determine the range of shear strains and associated uncertainties for various types of tunnels and site profiles. However, the inter-linked platform of damage state - damage index - shear wave velocity - shear strain provides a novel approach for estimating the inelastic response of tunnels, and can be widely used in practice for seismic designs.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.175-188
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• 2009

When a new tunnel is excavated by the drill and blast method near pre-existing underground structures or tunnels due to the region restricted condition such as urban area, the ground will be relaxed by the excavation. In this case, issues can be created in terms of stability of pre-existing underground structures. One of major factors determining the stability of pre-existing underground structures can be a separation distance between pre-existing underground structures and a newly excavated tunnel. The region of ground relaxation defined by the plastic zone due to new excavation can be varied by separation distance. In this study, in other to estimate an influence of new tunnel excavation in terms of separation distance on the stability of pre-existing large pipelines, two-dimensional scaled model tests using plaster were performed for six models which have a different separation distance, The results show that based on the analysis of induced displacement during tunnel construction, the displacement decreases as the separation distance between large pipeline and new tunnel is increased until the distance is 2.5 times of pipeline diameter. Beyond this point, however, the displacement has become stabilized.