• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2000

본 연구는 자연생태계 소목의 생장에 따른 탄소저장 및 흡수량 지표를 도출하고 용인시를 대상으로 임상유형의 영급별 탄소저장 및 흡수를 계량하였다. 침엽수 1주당 탄소저장 및 흡수량은 중부와 남부의 생장지역간 유의한 차이가 없었으나(p>0.05). 활엽수의경우는 남부지역에서 중부지역보다 더욱 많았다. 수목 1주당 탄소저장 및 흡수량은 활엽수가 동일 직경의 침엽수보다 더욱 많았으며, 그 차이는 직경생장과 더불어 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 용인시 자연생태계의 단위면적당 평균 탄소저장 및 흡수량은 역시 영급이 높을수록 많았으며, II 영급을 제외한 동일 영급내에서는 침엽수림보다는 혼효림이, 혼효림보다는 활엽수림이 더욱 많았다. 중부지역에서 생장하는 흉고직경 20cm 의 활엽수 1주는 약 175리터의 휘발유 소비로 인하여 배출되는 탄소량을 저장하고, 1ha의 IV 영급 활엽수림은 시민 57명이 화석연료 소비로 연간 배출하는 탄소량을 저장하였다. 본 연구의 탄소저장 및 흡수 지표는 직경 생장에 따른 삼림수목의 대기탄소농도 저감 가치를 용이하게 추정하는데 활용될 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.4
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• pp.554-568
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• 2021

Forests are the largest carbon (C) sinks in terrestrial ecosystems. Recently, as enhancing forest C sequestration capacity has been proposed as a basic direction of the Republic of Korea's "2050 Carbon Neutral Strategy," accurate estimation of forest C sequestration has been emphasized. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change guidelines, sequestration quantity is calculated from changes in C stocks in forest C pools, such as biomass, deadwood, litter and soil layer, and harvested wood products. However, in Korea, only the overstory biomass increase is now considered the amount of sequestration quantity, so there can be a significant difference from the actual forest C sequestration. In this study, we quantified forest C exchange through C flux measurement using an eddy covariance system and an automated soil chamber system in a 57-year-old Korean pine plantation located in Mt. Taehwa, Gwangju-si, Gyeonggi-do. Then, the net amount of C sequestration was compared with the amount of the overstory biomass increase. We estimated the annual C stock change in the remaining C pools by comparing the net sequestration amount from the C flux measurement with the overstory biomass increase and C stock change in the litter layer. Therefore, the net C sequestration of the Korean pine plantation estimated from the flux measurement was 5.96 MgC ha^-1, which was about 2.2 times greater than 2.77 MgC ha^-1 of the overstory biomass increase. The annual C stock increase in the litter layer was estimated to be 0.75 MgC ha^-1, resulting in a total annual C stock increase of 2.45 MgC ha^-1 in the remaining C pools. Our results indicate that the domestic forest is a larger C sink than the current methods, implying that more accurate calculations of the C sequestration capacity are necessary to quantify C stock changes in C pools along with the C flux measurement.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.254-260
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• 1999

본 연구는 수목피도가 상이한 춘천시 내 두 주거지구를 선정하여 수목식재가 주요 온실가스인 대기 CO_2$의 직접적 간접적 흡수에 영향하는 효과를 비교 분석하였다 수목의 탄소저장량은 수목 피도가 약 10%인 제 1지구에서 단독 주택의 호당 평균 72kg 소목피도가 약 20%인 제 2지구에서 244kg 이었다 수목피도가 제 1지구보다 10% 차이로 더 높은 제 2지구에서 그 탄소저장량은 3배 더 많았다. 수목의 연간 직간접적 탄소흡수량은 제1지구에서 호당 평균 59kg/yr이었고 제 2지구에서는 그보다 약 2배 더 많은 110kg/yr 이었다. 연간 총흡수량중 간접적 흡수량은 연구지구에 따라 70-80%를 차지하여 직접적 흡수량보다 훨씬 많았다. 연구결과는 주거지 내 적극적인 수목식재가 대기 탄소농도를 저감하는 중요한 역할을 증진할 수 있음을 시사하였다.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2005

This study presents a method how to estimate the change of stand volume, the stand biomass and the carbon removals, using dynamic stand growth model according to whether the practices for forest management are implemented or not. As a result, it shows that the rate of stand change was significantly high if the practices were implemented. Consequently, the change of carbon removals was also high. The carbon removals at the stand where the practices were not implemented, was estimated about 0.27tC/ha. And the carbon removals at the stand where the practices were implemented, was estimated 166.02tC/ha(thinning from above) and 163.75tC/ha(thinning from below). It is confirmed that the thinning activities has a great influence on the change of carbon removals and there was little difference of the carbon removals between thinning types. From this result, it is proved that forest management like thinning activities is prerequisite condition to improve the carbon removals of stand.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.81-89
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• 2011

Low-carbon Green Growth is highlighted as the main issue from in and outof Korea. Recently Korean government and local goverment constructed a master plan and related database. Considering this as a starting point the carbon gross emission has become an important factor in the city planning and management of local goverment unit. This research was focused on the analysis of carbon gross emission and the environment of carbon occurrence using statistics and digital forest map for the Gyeonggi-do. Further research need to analysis the carbon absorption using satellite image for periodic database. These database will be available basic data for the policy making.

• Composites Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2022

RADAR Absorbing Structure (RAS), one of stealth technologies, is a multifunctional composite that is capable of supporting load and absorbing electromagnetic waves. In order to supplement the shortcomings of the existing RAS, a hybrid RAS in which the short carbon fiber layers were inserted has been proposed. However, the inserted short carbon fiber layers may affect the mechanical properties of the structure. Therefore, this study measured the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the hybrid RAS with the inserted short carbon fiber layer. The ILSS of hybrid composite with different areal densities of the short carbon fiber layer was measured to investigate the effect of changes in the areal density of the short carbon fiber layer on the ILSS of the structure. In addition, the ILSS of the 4 kinds of the hybrid RAS were measured and compared with the ILSS of glass/epoxy. As a result of the measurement, it was confirmed that the short carbon fiber layer did not significantly affect the ILSS of the hybrid composite and the hybrid RAS.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.446-453
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• 2012

This study estimated how much carbon can be sequestered if we plant trees in non-forested areas in the 36 hole Oak Valley Golf Courses in Gangwon Province, Korea. We identified plantable areas where planting trees will not affect golf game using high resolution aerial photography and ground survey and estimated the annual carbon sequestration rate of the planted trees using biomass equations. Of the golf courses, 30.3% were covered by forest. Other major land cover types include lawn, waterbody, baresoil, buildings, and roads. The plantable areas consist of $106,101m^2$ of lawn (6.0% of the study site) and $177,531m^2$ of low density forest (10.1% of the study site). We assumed to plant Mongolian oaks with 10 cm in diameter at brest height with the density of $0.3/m^2$ in the lawn and $0.2/m^2$ in the low density forest. The planting simulation shows that the total number of the newly planted trees were 67,336, and the total carbon sequestered during the subsequent year was 392.9 tC/yr, which offset 12.5% of the total carbon emitted from the golf courses. The annual carbon sequestration rate gradually increases and reaches its maximum level at 440.5 tC/yr in 15 years since the initial reforestation (14.0% of the carbon emission from the golf courses).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2011

Amidst the raising of climate change in relation to the earth's environment as an international issue, there is a growing interest in forest resources. In particular, Korea faces a period in which we need to control carbon release pursuant to the Convention on Climate Change and the enforcement of the Kyoto Protocol; therefore, the importance of forests is becoming greater. Recently, there has been a focus on light detection and ranging (Lidar) which is a means of acquiring in a short time various necessary pieces of information for forest management as three dimensional geospatial information. In this study, the carbon absorption of a forest was measured by using the Lidar data obtained from the Lidar. Carbon absorption release was calculated on the basis of three criteria involving the minimum height of a tree, the density of the forest, and the minimum area of the forest, which are items proposed by the Forest resources surveyor. Through this study, a method of extracting the carbon absorption of a forest area using the Lidar data quantitatively was confirmed.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.591-600
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• 2010

We estimated and compared C storages and annual $CO_2$ uptakes by 9 dominant tree species planted along the streets. DBH and age by tree species were measured in the sites selected considering the planting status and distributions of tree species, and biomass, C storage, growth rate, and annual $CO_2$ uptake were estimated for each species. As a result, L. tulipifera, M. glyptostroboides, P. occidentalis were classified into fast-growing group, P. serrulata, G. biloba, Z. serrata, S. japonica, A. palmatum showed intermediate growth rates, and P. densiflora was slow-growing. Average C storage per tree was 205kgC/tree and ranged from 518kgC/tree(L. tulipifera) to 41kgC/tree(P. densiflora). Average annual $CO_2$ uptake by urban street trees over their lifespan ranged from $7.6kgCO_2$/tree/y to $99.1kgCO_2$/tree/y and L. tulipifera was the greatest, followed by glyptostroboides and P. occidentalis, and P. densiflora was the lowest. Total annual $CO_2$ uptake by all street trees in Gyeonggi-do, estimated based on the annual $CO_2$ uptake by each species, was as small as approximately 0.67% of that by forest in Gyeonggi-do. However, urban trees are still important because forest area continues to decrease and urbanization occurs annually in Gyeonggi-do, and should be managed considering their multi-functional aspects, including mitigation of heat island effect and building energy saving(indirect $CO_2$ uptake).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.64-72
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• 2014

This study quantified the storage and annual uptake of carbon by apple trees in orchards as a production-type greenspace, and computed the annual carbon emissions from apple cultivation. Tree individuals in the study orchards were sampled to include the range of stem diameter sizes. The study measured biomass for each part including the roots of sample trees through a direct harvesting method to compute total carbon storage per tree. Annual carbon uptake per tree was quantified by analyzing the radial growth rates of stem samples at ground level. Annual carbon emissions from management practices such as pruning, mowing, irrigation, fertilization, and use of pesticides and fungicides were estimated based on maintenance data, interviews with managers, and actual measurements. Regression models were developed using stem diameter at ground level (D) as an independent variable to easily estimate storage and annual uptake of the carbon. Storage and annual uptake of carbon per tree increased as D sizes got larger. Apple trees with D sizes of 10 and 15 cm stored 9.1 and 21.0 kg of carbon and annually sequestered 1.0 and 1.6 kg, respectively. Storage and annual uptake of carbon per unit area in study orchards were 3.81 t/ha and 0.42 t/ha/yr, respectively, and annual carbon emissions were 1.30 t/ha/yr. Thus, the carbon emissions were about 3 times greater than the annual carbon uptake. The study identified management practices to reduce the carbon footprint of production-type greenspace, including efficient uses of water, pesticides, fungicides, and fertilizers. It breaks new ground by including measured biomass of roots and a detailed inventory of carbon emissions.