• Composites Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.148-154
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• 2021

Carbon/epoxy composite bipolar plate (BP) is a BP that is likely to replace existing graphite bipolar plate of vanadium redox flow cell (VRFB) due to its high mechanical properties and productivity. Multi-functional carbon/epoxy composite BP requires graphite coating or additional surface treatment to reduce interfacial contact resistance (ICR). However, the expanded graphite coating has the disadvantage of having low durability under VRFB operating conditions, and the surface treatments incur additional costs. In this work, an excessive resin absorption method is developed, which uniformly removes the resin rich area on the surface of the BP to expose carbon fibers by applying polyester fabric. This method not only reduces ICR by exposing carbon fibers to BP surfaces, but also forms a unique ditch pattern that can effectively hold carbon felt electrodes in place. The acidic environmental durability, mechanical properties, and gas permeability of the developed carbon/epoxy composite BP are experimentally verified.

• Composites Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.23-28
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• 2006

Carbon nanotubes reinforced copper matrix laminated nanocomposites were developed and the mechanical properties were evaluated by using micro-tensile testing system. Sandwich-type laminated structure constituted with carbon nanotube layers as a reinforcement and electroplated copper matrix were fabricated by a new processing approach based on selective dip-coating of carbon nanotubes. The mechanical properties of nanocomposites were improved due to an enhanced load sharing capacity of carbon nanotubes homogeneously distributed within the in-plane direction, as well as a bridging effect of carbon nanotubes along the out-of-plane direction between the upper and lower matrices. The universality of the layering approach is applicable to a wide range of functional materials, and here we demonstrate its potential use in reinforcing composite materials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.197-200
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• 1999

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.378-381
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• 2007

탄소섬유가 중앙에 적층된 풍력발전용 블레이드 소재인 탄소 유리섬유 하이브리드 복합재료가 VARTM(Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding)공법을 이용하여 제작되었다. 아이조드 충격시험법을 이용하여 온도, 하이브리드화 비율 그리고 노치에 대한 충격강도의 영향을 연구하였다. 온도 감소 및 탄소섬유의 증가에 의해 충격강도는 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 노치에 의해 하이브리드 복합재료는 약 $25{\sim}30$%가량의 충격강도 감소를 보였다. 그러나 단일 탄소섬유 복합재료의 경우 노치민감도는 없었으며, 이에 소량의 유리섬유 첨가로 인해 하이브리드화 하였을 경우 충격강도 향상 및 저온 충격강도 안정성을 확보 할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.4.2-4.2
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• 2011

본 발표에서는 고분자나 탄소나노튜브, 그래핀 등 탄소소재의 분자배열을 다양한 형태로 조절할 수있는 분자조립공정을 통해 비교적 저비용으로 대면적에서 나노구조체를 제작할 수 있는 다양한 기술들을 소개할 것이다. 특히 블록공중합체의 분자조립현상을 기존에 반도체나 디스플레이에 쓰이고 있는 ArF 리소그라피나 I-line 리소그라피와 융합하여 대면적에서 분자조립 나노패턴을 제작할 수 있는 기술들을 소개할 것이다. 또한 탄소나노튜브와 그래핀등 탄소소재를 용액공정이나 촉매나노패턴공정을 통해 3차원적인 다양한 형태로 조직화하는 신기술들도 소개할 것이다.

• Composites Research
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.28-33
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• 2006

In this paper, we have studied the complex permittivities and their influence on the design of microwave absorbers of E-glass fabric/epoxy composite laminates containing three different types of carbon-based nano conductive fillers such as carbon black (CB), carbon nano fiber (CNF) and multi-wall nano tube (MWNT). The measurements were performed fur permittivities at the frequency band of 0.5 GHz$\sim$18.0 GHz using a vector network analyzer with a 7 mm coaxial air line. The experimental results show that the complex permittivities of the composites depend strongly on the natures and concentrations of the conductive fillers. The real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivities of the composites were proportional to the filler concentrations. But, depending on the types of fillers and frequency band, the increasing rates of the real and imaginary parts with respect to the filler concentrations were all different. These different rates can have an effect on the thickness in designing the single layer microwave absorbers. The effect of the different rates at 10 GHz was examined by using Cole-Cole plot; the plot is composed of a single layer absorber solution line and measured permittivities from these three types of composites. Single layer absorbers of 3 different thicknesses using carbon nano materials were fabricated and the -10 dB band of absorbing performances were all about 3 GHz.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.55.1-55.1
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• 2010

차세대 디스플레이용 전극 재료는 투명하면서도 낮은 저항값을 가져야 하는 투명 전극 재료로 금속, 금속산화물, 전도성 고분자, 탄소재료 등을 들 수 있다. 금속재료는 전도도는 우수하지만, 낮은 투과도로 투명전극 재료로 적절하지 않고, 대표적인 금속산화물 재료인 indium tin oxide (ITO)의 경우, 우수한 투과성과 낮은 면저항을 기반으로 차세대 디스플레이용 전극으로 현재 사용되고 있다. 하지만 ITO 박막은 휘거나 접을 때 기계적 안정성이 취약한 문제점을 나타내고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해 전도성과 탄성계수가 높고, 저온에서 대면적 공정이 가능한 CNT을 투명 박막 전극 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 하지만 투명전극 제조시, 탄소 나노튜브 간의 van der waals 인력에 의한 응집 현상으로 인한 분산의 불안정성과 분산제 사용으로 인하여 탄소 나노튜브 박막전극의 전기적, 광학적 특성이 저하를 야기한다. 이에 본 실험에서는 아크 방전 공정으로 합성한 SWCNT 분산액을 사용하여 spray coating 방법으로 glass 위에 박막을 형성하였다. SWCNT 투명 박막 전극 위에 DC sputtering을 이용하여 얇은Ni를 도포한 후, $450{\sim}500^{\circ}C$, ethylene gas 분위기의 thermal CVD방법으로 Carbon NanoFibers (CNFs)를 생성시킴과 동시에 분산제를 burning out하였다. CNF 성장 전후의 투명 박막의 전기적 특성은 four point probe를 이용하여 면저항과 UV-vis 장비를 이용하여 가시광선 영역에서의 광학적 투과도를 측정 비교하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.411-422
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• 2010

Self-sensing on micro-failure, dispersion degree and relating properties, of carbon nanotube(CNT)/epoxy composites, were investigated using wettability, electro-micromechanical technique with acoustic emission(AE). Specimens were prepared from neat epoxy as well as composites with untreated and acid-treated CNT. Degree of dispersion was evaluated comparatively by measuring volumetric electrical resistivity and its standard deviation. Apparent modulus containing the stress transfer was higher for acid-treated CNT composite than for the untreated case. Applied cyclic loading responded well for a single carbon fiber/CNT-epoxy composite by the change in contact resistivity. The interfacial shear strength between a single carbon fiber and CNT-epoxy, determined in a fiber pullout test, was lower than that between a single carbon fiber and neat epoxy. Regarding on micro-damage sensing using electrical resistivity measurement with AE, the stepwise increment in electrical resistivity was observed for a single carbon fiber/CNT -epoxy composite. On the other hand, electrical resistivity increased infinitely right after the first carbon fiber breaks for a single carbon fiber/neat epoxy composite. The occurrence of AE events of added CNT composites was much higher than the neat epoxy case, due to micro failure at the interfaces by added CNTs.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.32-35
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• 2005

In this paper, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were ozonized and the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) behaviors of CNTs-filled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) conductive composites were studied. The results of element analysis (EA) and FT-IR indicate that the oxygen-containing functional groups on the CNTs surfaces, such as O-H, C-O, and C＝O groups, were increased with the ozonization. Electrical resistivities of the CNTs/HDPE composites were measured by using a digital multimeter. The resistivity of the composites was increased abruptly near the crystalline melting temperature of the HDPE used as matrix, which could be attributed to the destruction of conductive network by the thermal expansion of HDPE. And, the PTC intensity of the CNTs/HDPE composites was increased with the increase of the ozone treatment time. It was probably due to the growing of maximum volume resistivity of the composites induced by the increased oxygen-containing functional groups in the CNTs surfaces.

• Composites Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.198-204
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• 2020

In this study, we employ the full atomistic molecular dynamics simulation and finite element homogenization method to predict the thermo-mechanical properties of nanocomposites including carbon nanotube bundle. As the number of carbon nanotubes within the single bundle increases, the effective in-plane Young's modulus and in-plane shear modulus decrease, and in-plane thermal expansion coefficient increases, despite the same volume fraction of carbon nanotubes. To investigate the thickness of interphase zone, we employ the radial density distribution. It is investigated that the interphase thickness is almost independent on the number of carbon nanotubes within the single bundle. It is assumed that the matrix and interphase are isotropic materials. According to the predicted thermo-mechanical properties of interphase zone, the Young's modulus and shear modulus of interphase zone clearly decrease, and the thermal expansion coefficient increases. Based on the thermo-mechanical interphase behavior, we developed the multiscale homogenization model to predict the thermo-mechanical properties of PLA nanocomposites that include the carbon nanotube bundle.