• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.517-522
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• 2001

To Confirm the repression of off-odor and improvement of food quality in small black bean chungkugjang (SBC), some taste compounds of SBC added with kiwi and radish homogenate and fermented fro 3 days at 42$^{\circ}C$ were investigated. Contents of free amino acids in SBC were lower than that of soybean chungkugjang (SC) and were increased by adding kiwi and radish homogenate to black bean, indicating that two materials were effective to the enzymatic digestibility of soy protein. Of organic acids, citric acid was the most abundant, followed by acetic acid and lactic acid. Fatty acid composition was high in the order of linoleic acid (50.82~54.51%), oleic acid (17.76%~22.10%) and plamitic acid(12.13~13.79%). There were no significant difference in compositions of organic acids and fatty acids of chungkugjang. Major volatile compounds of SBC were indole , 2-5-dimethyl pyrazine and trimethyl pyrazine. Contents of alkyl pyrazines that contribute the characteristic aroma and flavor of SBC added and fermented with kiwi and radish homogenate were 3 times lower than those of SC. Uracil and UMP were major nucleic acie-drlated compounds in all four chungkugjangs. Contents of the other nucleic acid-related compounds were a similar trend in all chungkugjangs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.185.1-185.1
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• 2007

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.323-325
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• 2017

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. actinidiae KKH3 is an Enterobacteriaceae bacterial pathogen that infects kiwi plants, causing canker-like symptoms that pose a threat to the kiwifruit industry. Because the strain was originally isolated from woody plants and possesses numerous plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, this draft genome report provides insight into possible bioconversion applications, as well as a better understanding of this important plant pathogen.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.666-672
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• 2014

The effect of nitric oxide (NO) treatment on the quality of kiwifruit, cv. Hayward, was studied at room temperature after cold storage for one or three months at $0^{\circ}C$. Kiwifruits cold-stored for one month were treated with $200{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NO and subsequently transferred to room temperature to monitor quality changes over the course of their shelf life. Weight loss was high in fruits not treated with NO. Ethylene production was delayed for two days by NO treatment, and respiration rate was reduced to less half than that of the control. The kiwifruits stored for three months were treated with $N_2$ and 100, 200, or $500{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NO, or air alone. The highest weight loss was observed in kiwifruit treated with $100{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NO. While ethylene production was high in fruits treated with $100{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NO and without the treatment, it was relatively low in the kiwifruit treated with 200 and $500{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NO. Firmness was abruptly decreased in fruits not treated with NO, while the kiwifruit exposed to $200{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NO maintained the s ame level of f irmness for 9 days a t room t emp erature. In addition, growth o f Botrytis cinerea was inhibited by NO as compared with the air and $N_2$ treatments. Our findings indicate that NO can be used effectively for prolonging shelf life and maintaining fruit quality during distribution after cold storage. The optimum NO concentration for cold-stored kiwifruits was found to be $200{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.12 no.3 s.30
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• pp.237-250
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• 2006

This study was to investigate physicochemical and sensory evaluation properties of chicken jerky with pear, pineapple and kiwi extracts. Moisture content range was $25.87{\sim}27.55％$, and crude protein and crude fat turned out to satisfy the jerky standard. Degree of saline was $5.34{\sim}5.44％$, and that value showed lower level of T-1, T-2 and T-3 sample than C-1. The pH levels of the samples with fruit extracts were low, and, as the storage period was extended, they increased. The initial level of water activation was $0.732{\sim}0.756%$, which proved significant in the storage period(p<0.01). Hardness value of jerky products was $45.25{\sim}49.66{\times}10^5dyne/cm^2$, and the kiwi extract added jerky samples showed the lowest. Strength value range was $89.37{\sim}108.16{\times}10^5dyne/cm^2$, and the S-1 was the highest. It has significance between contrasting groups and comparing ones and among the storage periods(p<0.01). The color value of early jerky products showed 4.80, the highest, and the shape and the texture showed above 4.50, and the flavor was above 4.30, which became lower as the storage periods at normal temperature were extended.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.217-226
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• 2016

Seasonal prevalence of bacterial canker of kiwifruit caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) was investigated at a naturally infected orchard in Boseong, Jeonnam in 2014 and 2015. Stem canker began to occur in mid-February in 2014 and early March in 2015. Bacterial ooze was observed on canes, leaders and trunks until late May and gradually disappeared thereafter. The percentages of infected trees were 44.7% and 69.7% in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Trees with trunk canker in a previous year died in 2015. Leaf canker symptoms began to appear as brown spots with chlorotic halos in early May and irregular dark brown spots without halos were observed under humid conditions. Leaf canker progressed until mid-July in 2014 and late July in 2015. No Psa was detected from the leaf lesions on leaves thereafter, but new infection of Psa was observed on leaves in late October. Infected blossoms with blighted calyx were sometimes observed from mid-May. Optimal monitoring period to detect Psa was May when it could be easily detected from stems, leaves and blossoms. Disease cycle of bacterial canker of kiwifruit modified for Korea was proposed based on the seasonal prevalence of bacterial canker analyzed according to weather data in Boseong, Jeonnam over 2 years.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2007

Whole plants were regenerated from callus induced from leaf explants in hybrid kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa${\times}$A. arguta). Callus was induced from leaf explants which cultured on MS solid medium supplemented with combination of auxin (2,4-D, NAA: 0.1~0.5 mg/l) and cytokinin (BA: 0.1~0.2 mg/l). them, the highest callus formation (96.2%) was obtained from the treatment of 0.5 mg/1 2,4-D+0.1 mg/l NAA+0.05 mg/l BA. In the experiment of adventitious shoots induction from primary shoots, only a few shoots were produced in the treatment of 1.0 mg/l BA+0.05 mg/l IBA or 2.0 mg/l BA+0.05 mg/l lBA. As the callus were transferred to the secondary shoot-inducing medium, multiple shoots were obtained from the medium supplemented with 1.0, 2.0 or 5.0 mg/l zeatin in addition to the mixed treatments of BA, thidiazuron (TDZ) or zeatin. However, no multiple shoots were induced on the BA-contained medium of concentrations. Therefore it turned out that addition of BA to medium was less effective for induction of multiple shoots from callus in Actinidia deliciosa${\times}$A. arguta. For producing adventitious roots from shoots, the best frequency of rooting (83.3%) were recorded on the treatment of in vitro rooting (Standardi (St)+1.0 mg/l IBA). On the other side, the lowest result (40.0%) were shown in the treatment of 500 mg/l IBA, 1 hr. Whole plants with shoots and roots were recovered and acclimatized successfully.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1718-1724
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• 2010

Bioactive and chemical properties of silkworm powder (SP) degradation by fruit extract containing the proteolytic enzymes of kiwifruit, papaya, pineapple and pear were investigated. Silkworm powder was incubated with extracts from each fruit at $60^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. Protein content was slightly higher in the SP treated with fruit extract than that in the control SP. Major minerals were K, Ca, Mg, and Zn. Major fatty acids were linolenic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid. When total protein patterns were analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), silkworm protein was strongly degraded by the treatment of fruit extract from pineapple, papaya, and pear, but little silkworm degradation was observed in kiwifruit extract treatment. Fibriolytic activity was only detected in the SP by the fruit extract treatments from papaya and pear. DPPH radical scavenging activity was slightly stronger in the SP treated with fruit extract than that in silkworm powder. However, all these samples exhibiteda relatively low activity compared with the butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). These results may provide the basic data for understanding the biological activities and chemical characteristics of SP treated with fruit extract for development of functional foods.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.483-487
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• 2016

The damage of citrus fruits caused by Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood has being increased in Jeju, Korea. The seasonal abundance of S. dorsalis and its injury symptoms in citrus orchards have been studied since the endemic outbreak in Jeju, but studies for the occurrence pattern of S. dorsalis in citrus orchards influenced by adjacent primary hosts have not been fully conducted yet. We selected kiwi- and mango-citrus adjacent orchards to study the migration pattern of S. dorsalis toward to citrus orchards. Yellow-colored sticky traps were used for monitoring the seasonal abundance of S. dorsalis and their migration pattern in two orchards. In citrus orchards, also, we placed sticky traps at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 m apart from the border of kiwi orchard, and 0, 7 and 20 m apart from the border of mango orchard. The seasonal occurrence pattern of S. dorsalis caught on sticky traps were similar between two adjacent orchards. However, the abundances in kiwi or mango orchard was much higher than those of citrus. Also, it was found that densities, distribution and damage of S. dorsalis in citrus orchards depend highly on the distance from the border of kiwi and mango orchards. This result suggested that the primary hosts such as kiwi and mango plants influence the occurrence of S. dorsalis in adjacent citrus orchards. And this information may provide a basic direction for establishing the management strategy of S. dorsalis in citrus orchards.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.11 no.3 s.106
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• pp.12-15
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• 1978

전원개발의 방향을 종래의 유류화력에서 원자력으로 전환한 우리나라는 급증하는 전력수요에 대처키위해서 서기2천년까지 46기 이상의 원자력발전소를 건설, 전체 발전시설용량중 약 63%를 원자력 발전으로 충당한다는 장기전원개발계획을 세우기에 이르렀다. 자원빈약국인 우리나라로서 원자력은 이제 선택적인 것이 아니라 필수적인인 것이 되었다. 우리나라 원자력 연구 ㆍ국가적인 상황과 배경아래 확고히 정립되어 있다.