• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.585-592
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• 2012

This study was to investigate the quality characteristics and microbiological of simple preprocessed foods vege-ball with guava leaf powder (VB) for soup during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and preparation of standard recipe. Lightness was increased during storage, but yellowness and redness were no significantly differences during storage, except for control. Hardness of VB increased with increasing guava leaves powder springness, cohesiveness significantly as a powder addition guava leaves was lower. DPPH, ABTS compared to the control showed higher levels in VB with increasing amounts significantly increased antioxidant activity (p<0.05). According to the sensory evaluation, VB 0.1% showed higher score in term of taste, flavor, overall preference. All the VB samples showed significantly lower values for acid, peroxide and than the control. Low level of total aerobic bacteria was detected during storage (<5.00 log CFU/g). Coliforms and yeast & mold were not detected during storage in VB samples. In conclusion, the addition of 0.1% with guava leaves powder would be useful way to enhance the anitoxidant quality and sensory characteristics of preprocessed food. The estimated storage was 8 days at $4^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.82-90
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• 2010

This study examined the effect of adhesive tape supplemented with sodium fluoride on the prevention of dental erosion in vitro. Sound bovine tooth samples were selected and divided randomly into the following 4 groups according to the material treatments: group 1, APF gel; group 2, fluoride varnish; and groups 3 and 4, fluoride tape supplemented with 5% NaF in either a methyl cellulose or poly vinyl acetate carrier, respectively. All specimens were submitted to alternate cycles of acid exposure in a cola beverage (pH 4.3) and artificial saliva for $6\;{\times}\;5\;min/day$ over a 5 day period. The micro-hardness was recorded each day and the lesion depth was measured after 5 days. The micro-hardness of the experimental sides of groups 2, 3 and 4 were significantly higher than that of their control sides and the experimental side of group 1 during the experimental period (p<0.05) except on the 5th day. The enamel surfaces of treatment groups 2, 3 and 4 showed significantly higher resistance to mineral loss in terms of the erosion depth (p<0.05) than group 1 and their control sides. There was no statistically significant difference among group 2, 3 and 4, indicating that the fluoride varnish and tapes produce similar results. Fluoride adhesive tapes are effective in reducing the progression of erosion and can be recommended for young patients who are more susceptible to dental erosion.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.365-372
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• 2000

he paper introduces evolutionary computing to Fractal Image Compression(FIC). In Fractal Image Compression(FIC) a partitioning of the image into ranges is required. As a solution to this problem there is a propose that evolution computation should be applied in image partitionings. Here ranges are connected sets of small square image blocks. Populations consist of $N_p$ configurations, each of which is a partitioning with a fractal code. In the evolution each configuration produces $\sigma$ children who inherit their parent partitionings except for two random neighboring ranges which are merged. From the offspring the best ones are selected for the next generation population based on a fitness criterion Collage Theorem. As the optimum image includes duplication in image data, it gets smaller in saving space more efficient in speed and more capable in image quality than any other technique in which other coding is used. Fractal Image Compression(FIC) using evolution computation in multimedia image processing applies to such fields as recovery of image and animation which needs a high-quality image and a high image-compression ratio.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.248-255
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• 2021

This study confirmed the effects of improving lung damage of celecoxib using an animal model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). It was induced in models LPS + CSE and performed in vitro and in vivo. MTT assay and real-time PCR were performed in MRC5 cells as in vitro, and mRNA expression, BALF, collagen content, and protein expression were confirmed as in vivo. Celecoxib reduced the number of inflammatory cells, cytokine and soluble protein accumulation in BALF, decreased body weight and lung weight in animal models, and improved lung collagen deposition. In addition, the reduction of EMT markers was confirmed through Western blotting and real-time PCR. Consequently, celecoxib is thought to improve lung damage of COPD induced to LPS+CSE by regulating EMT.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2006

Soil liquefaction occurs by complex dynamic interaction between soil particles and pore fluid. Therefore, experimental researches have been widely performed to analyze liquefaction phenomena. In this research, centrifuge tests were performed to analyze the liquefaction behavior of horizontal sand ground. Centrifugal acceleration was 40g and the thickness of model ground was 25cm, which simulates 10m thickness in prototype scale. Viscous fluid was used as pore fluid to remove the time scaling difference between dissipation and dynamic shaking. Test results showed that the dissipation of excess pore pressure is the combined behavior of solidification and consolidation. In addition, the solidification rate, the ground acceleration amplitude, and the dynamic permeability during solidification were influenced by the confining pressure.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.513-523
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• 2010

The food and nutrient intakes on weekdays and weekends was examined with 196 high school girls residing in Seoul using the 3-day food record. Frequency for skipping breakfast was higher than that for lunch and dinner. Frequencies for skipping breakfast and lunch were significantly higher on weekends than on weekdays (p < 0.05). The daily average food, vegetable food, and animal food intakes were 1,074.8 g, 680.0 g, and 317.3 g, respectively. The total food and vegetable food intakes on weekdays were significantly higher than on weekends (p < 0.05). The daily average dietary variety score (DVS) was 20.5, and was significantly higher on weekdays (23.3) than on weekends (15.1)(p < 0.05). The daily averages of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate intake were 1,732.9 kcal, 68 g, 56.2 g, and 240.9 g, respectively. Energy, protein, carbohydrate, phosphate, iron, sodium, potassium, thiamin, niacin, folate and vitamin C intakes were significantly higher on weekdays than on weekends (p < 0.05). Fat intake was significantly lower on weekdays than on weekends (p < 0.05). The daily average percentages of energy intake from carbohydrate, protein, and fat were 55.4%, 15.6%, and 29.0%: 56.1%, 15.8%, and 28.2% on weekdays and 54.7%, 15.3%, and 30.1% on weekends, respectively. The percentages of energy intake from carbohydrate on weekdays and weekends were below 60%, and that from fat was above 28% on weekdays and weekends. The daily averages of energy, vitamin A, riboflavin, niacin and phosphate intake were above 80% as compared with the estimated energy requirement (EER) or the recommended intake (RI). The intakes of calcium, potassium and folate were below 50% as compared with the adequate intake (AI) or (RI). The daily average mean adequacy ratio (MAR), an index of overall dietary quality, was 0.77, and significantly high school girls was worse on weekends than on weekdays.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 2007

Children may respond differently to the caffeine from adults because they have different physiologic makeup and are functionally immature in terms of hepatic and renal function; this leads to the slower clearance of caffeine in early life. Therefore, children are often assumed to be more susceptible to caffeine effects. Alarge number of food supplements may interfere with these processes, and therefore caffeine exposure may have more serious consequences for children than for adults, irrespective of sensitivity. However, there has never been a national dietary survey on caffeine intakes in children. The purpose of our study was to identify caffeine intakes and beverage sources of caffeine in a representative sample of children in Busan, Korea. Caffeine intakes were based only on beverages included in the Continuing Surveys of Food Intakes by individuals. The caffeine content of the beverages ranged from 2.8 to 65.2mg/100ml for cola, soft drinks, and teas. Caffeine was not completely absent from caffeine-free colas, juice, and milk. In this study, cola-type beverages were an important dietary source of caffeine in the children. Daily caffeine intake for children was estimated to range from 12.5 to 250 mg/day. In general, the acceptable daily intake (ADI) of caffeine should cover the entire population including children. Therefore, special considerations should be needed regarding the consumption of soft drinks containing caffeine to children below the 12 years of age.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.1208-1214
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• 2011

Caffeine, a psychoactive stimulant, has been implicated in the modulation of learning and memory functions due to its action as a non-selective adenosine receptors antagonist. On the contrary, some side effects of caffeine have been reported, such as an increased energy loss and metabolic rate, decrease DNA synthesis in the spleen, and increased oxidative damage to exerted on LDL particles. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a safe stimulant from natural plants mixture (Aralia elata, Acori graminei Rhizoma, Chrysanthemum, Dandleion, Guarana, Shepherd's purse) that can be used as a substitute for caffeine. Thirty SD rats were divided into three groups; control group, caffeine group (15.0 mg/kg, i.p.), and natural plants mixture group (NP, 1 mL/kg, p.o.). The effect of NP extract on stimulant activity was evaluated with open-field test (OFT) and plus maze test for measurement of behavioral profiles. Plasma lipid profiles, lipid peroxidation in LDL (conjugated dienes), total antioxidant capacity (TRAP) and DNA damage in white blood, liver, and brain cells were measured. In the OFT, immobility time was increased significantly by acute (once) and chronic (3 weeks) supplementation of NP and showed a similar effect to caffeine treatment. Three weeks of caffeine treatment caused plasma lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in liver cells, whereas there were no changes in the NP group. NP group showed a higher plasma HDL cholesterol concentration compared to the caffeine group. The results indicate that the natural plants mixture had a stimulant effect without inducing oxidative stress.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.535-563
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• 1993

New techniques for regenerating the destructed periodontal tissue have been studied for many years. Current acceptable methods of promoting periodontal regeneration alre basis of removal of diseased soft tissue, root treatment, guided tissue regeneration, graft materials, biological mediators. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is one of polypeptide growth factor. PDGF have been reported as a biological mediator which regulate activities of wound healing progress including cell proliferation, migration, and metabolism. The purposes of this study is to evaluate the possibility of using the PDGF as a regeneration promoting agent for furcation involvement defect. Eight adult mongrel dogs were used in this experiment. The dogs were anesthetized with Pentobarbital Sodium (25-30 mg/kg of body weight, Tokyo chemical Co., Japan) and conventional periodontal prophylaxis were performed with ultrasonic scaler. With intrasulcular and crestal incision, mucoperiosteal flap was elevated. Following decortication with 1/2 high speed round bur, degree III furcation defect was made on mandibular second(P2) and fourth(P4) premolar. For the basic treatment of root surface, fully saturated citric acid was applied on the exposed root surface for 3 minutes. On the right P4 20ug of human recombinant PDGF-BB dissolved in acetic acid was applied with polypropylene autopipette. On the left P2 and right P2 PDGF-BB was applied after insertion of ${\beta}-Tricalcium$ phosphate(TCP) and collagen (Collatape) respectively. Left mandibular P4 was used as control. Systemic antibiotics (Penicillin-G benzathine and penicillin-G procaine, 1 ml per 10-25 1bs body weight) were administrated intramuscular for 2 weeks after surgery. Irrigation with 0.1% Chlorhexidine Gluconate around operated sites was performed during the whole experimental period except one day immediate after surgery. Soft diets were fed through the whole experiment period. After 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed by perfusion technique. Tissue block was excised including the tooth and prepared for light microscope with H-E staining. At 2 weeks after surgery, therer were rapid osteogenesis phenomenon on the defected area of the PDGF only treated group and early trabeculation pattern was made with new osteoid tissue produced by activated osteoblast. Bone formation was almost completed to the fornix of furcation by 8 weeks after surgery. New cementum fromation was observed from 2 weeks after surgery, and the thickness was increased until 8 weeks with typical Sharpey’s fibers reembedded into new bone and cementum. In both PDGF-BB with TCP group and PDGF-BB with Collagen group, regeneration process including new bone and new cementum formation and the group especially in the early weeks. It might be thought that the migration of actively proliferating cells was prohibited by the graft materials. In conclusion, platelet-derived growth factor can promote rapid osteogenesis during early stage of periodontal tissue regeneration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.39-44
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• 2006

국제적으로 생물다양성 협약('92. 6) 및 생물다양성 협약총회('02. 4)에서 생물자원의 국가소유 권리 인정 후 생물주권 확보를 위한 국가 간 경쟁이 날로 치열해 지고 있다. 하지만 우리나라의 경우 10만종으로 추정되는 국내 생물종(種) 중 약 3만여종만 기록되어 있으며, 한반도 고유종도 2,322종만 문헌으로 확인되는 등 조사연구가 미흡한 상황에 있다. 또한 확보된 생물자원도 관리가 매우 미흡한 상태에 있다. 따라서 국가 생물자원 주권 확보 및 체계적인 생물자원 보전 관리를 위해 국가차원의 생물자원보전 종합대책을 수립하였다. 환경부는 동 종합대책을 통해 대한민국 영토에 분포 서식하고 있는 생물자원 정밀 탐색 조사를 통해 모든 생물의 표본을 수집 연구하여 자생생물의 총체를 확인하며, 자생생물의 분류분포생태 정보를 종합 정리한 한반도 생물지를 발간할 예정이다. 자생생물의 DB 구축 등 과학적인 생물자원 관리체계를 확립하고, 생물자원의 국외반출 관리를 강화할 예정이며, 생물분류 전문인력 육성, 권역별 생물자원과 설립, 생물자원 보전 연구시설 지원 등 생물자원 관리 인프라 구축을 추진할 예정이다. 또한 최근 급증하는 야생동물 질병(SARS, 조류독감 등)에 대한 조사 연구를 실시하며, 야생동물 구조 치료센터를 시 도별로 설립할 예정이며, 외래종의 관리를 더욱 강화하고, 멸종위기종의 보호복원을 체계적이고 지속적으로 추진할 예정이다. 동 종합대책은 생물자원 조사발굴 분야의 11개 과제, 생물자원보전 관리체계 확립 분야의 11개 과제, 생물자원보전 추진체계 구축 분야의 6개 과제 등 총 3개 분야 28개 세부추진과제로 구성되어 있다. 동 대책은 2013년까지 국비 2,960억원, 지방비 1,800억원 등 총 4,760억을 투자할 계획이다. 곳도 많아 온난화조건에서도 지역별 정밀기후 추정과 이에 근거한 최적품종의 선택, 이앙기 및 수확기 등 생육기간의 조절이 온난화 대응기술로서 유효할 것으로 기대된다.결과를 분석한 데이터를 차기 메일 발송에 꾸준히 적용함으로써 성공적인 이메일 마케팅 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.여 수평적인 의견도출과 각자 역할의 확대 및 변화를 시도할 수 있는 제작흐름이 되도록 고안된 제작구조이다.성을 환기시켜 객관적이고 비판적인 의식을 환기시키는 브레히트의 '소격화'의 효과가 소비자의 관심을 환기시켜 특정한 목적을 달성하려는 광고에 효율적으로 적용된 예 인 것이다. 재미, 기타 독특한 체험을 통해 소비자에게 유희라는 쾌락적 경험을 제공하고자 한다.고도로 통계적 유의차(p<0.001)가 있었다. 즐기는 음료로는 ${\ulcorner}$콜라${\lrcorner}$가 가장 많았으며(46.8%), 그 다음은 사이다, 주스 등의 순으로 나타났으나, 남 여 대학생간에는 유의성있는 차이는 없었다. 음식의 먹는 시기는 점심과 저녁사이의 ${\ulcorner}$간식${\lrcorner}$이 가장 많았으며(42.2%), 남 여 대학생간에는 유의한 차이는 없었다. 패스트푸드는 많은 사람들이 ${\ulcorner}$맛${\lrcorner}$이 좋기 때문에 이용하며(62.8%), 남 여 대학생간에는 통계적 유의성(p<0.05)이 인정되었다. 5. ${\ulcorner}$입맛의 서구화(36.4%)와 외식을 선호(29.1%)${\lrcorner}$ 하기 때문에 패스트푸드를 이용하게 된 것으로 응답 하였으며, 남 여 대학생간에