• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.59-60
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• 2023

The automation of container terminals is an important factor that determines port competitiveness, and global advanced ports tend to strengthen their competitiveness through container terminal automation. The operational efficiency of the AGV, which is an essential transport equipment of the automated terminal, can improve the productivity of the automated terminal. The operation of AGVs in automated container terminals differs from that of conventional container terminals, as it is based on an automated system in which AGVs travel along designated paths and operate according to assigned tasks, requiring consideration of factors such as workload, congestion, and collisions. To prevent such problems and improve the efficiency of AGV operations, a more sophisticated model is necessary. Thus, this paper proposes an AGV scheduling model that takes into account the AGV travel path and task assignment within the terminal The model prevent the problem of deadlock and. various cases are generated by changing AGV algebra and number of tasks to create AGV driving situations and evaluate the proposed algorithm through algorithm and optimization analysis.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.251-260
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• 1998

For the purpose of building the simulation model on cargo handling capacity in container terminal we composed a model of container logistics system which has a 4 subsystem; cargo handling transportation storage and gate complex system. Several data are used in simulation which were gained through a field study and a basic statistic analysis of raw data on BCTOC from January to Jane in 1998. The results of this study are as follows; First average available ratios of each subsystems were 50% for G/C, 57.5% for Y/T, 56% for storage system and 50% for gate complex. And there were no subsystems occurring specific bottleneck. Second comparing the results of simulation to the results of basic statistics analysis we can verifying the suitability of this simulation model. Third comparing the results of this study to the results of existed similar study in 1996, we were able to confirm the changes of container logistics system in BCTOC.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2020

The Internet of things (IoT) has been applied to a variety of industrial uses such as public service sectors, medical industries, automotive industries, and so on. Led by smart cities, this is typical. However, from a logistics perspective, the level of application is insufficient. This study examines the applicability of IoT-related technology in a container terminal, an object of the present invention, to derive an applicable plan. Analytic network process (ANP) analysis reveals the following results for IoT applications in container terminals: operating systems (26.7%), safety/environmental/security systems (26.4%), equipment maintenance systems (25.3%), and facility maintenance systems (21.6 %). The second ANP analysis reveals the following results: Economy (40.2%), productivity (21.1%), service level (19.5%), and utilizing technology level (19.2%). The application or standard of evaluation is important when applying IoT technology to container terminals; however, it is not concentrated in a certain area. It is desirable to build each container system with linkage and efficiency from a macroscopic view.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.138-139
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• 2019

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, automated technology innovation is emerging, and container terminals are being developed to introduce automation equipment and systems. With the advent of ultra-large vessels, terminals around the world are seeking to build port infrastructure by combining automated technology in order to attract more cargo and to enhance competitiveness to provide prompt service. To introduce automated technology that is emerging as a high-tech industry, this study proposes a structural equation model for the decision to introduce automated container terminal and conducts a questionnaire survey on workers engaged in terminal operators for empirical analysis. This paper presents the role and direction of guidelines for introduction of automated container terminal through decision model.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.506-506
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• 1998

지능형 교통시스템(ITS: Intelligent Transport Systems)의 부체계인 첨단화물운송시스템(CVOs: Commercial Vehicle Operations)은 교통혼잡 완화와 물류비 목적으로 종합물류정보전산망 사업에서도 추진되어 왔다. ITS 기본계획에서 정의한 화물 및 화물차량관리시스템과 위험물 차량관리시스템의 세부서비스는 '97년말 종합물류정보전산망 상세설계와 첨단화물운송시스템 기본설계 과정에서 새롭게 정립, 제시되었다. 본 고에서는 첨단화물운송시스템의 서비스와 소요기술 개발현황을 기존의 지능형 교통시스템과 종합물류정보망의 추진계획, 업계의 관련자료를 바탕으로 비교적 상세하게 검토하고, 현재까지 공공과 민간에서 개발, 적용되고 있는 시범서비스 차원의 첨단화물운송시스템의 소요기술 적용사례와 효과를 분석하고자 하였다. 본 고에서 첨단화물운송시스템의 적용사례로서 해양수산부를 중심으로 현재 구축 운영중인 컨테이너터미널 전자문서교환(EDI: Electronic Data Interchange) 및 GATE 자동화시스템과 '97년 7월부터 본격 가동에 들어간 현대물류 택배종합전산시스템(HYDEX)의 정보서비스와 관련한 요소기술과 함께 그 효과를 살펴보고, '96년 12월부터 시범서비스를 제공중인 한국통신의 화물운송정보시스템의 적용효과를 분석하였다.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.149-163
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• 2012

Logistics systems provide their service to customers by coordinating the resources with limited capacity throughout the underlying processes involved to each other. To maintain the high level of service under such complicated condition, it is essential to carry out the real-time monitoring and continuous management of logistics processes. In this study, we propose a method of estimating the service completion time of key processes based on process-state information collected in real time. We first identify the factors that influence the process completion time by modeling and analyzing an influence diagram, and then suggest algorithms for quantifying the factors. We suppose the container terminal logistics and the process of discharging and loading containers to a vessel. The remaining service time of a vessel is estimated using a decision tree which is the result of machine-learning using historical data. We validated the estimation model using container terminal simulation. The proposed model is expected to improve competitiveness of logistics systems by forecasting service completion in real time, as well as to prevent the waste of resources.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.385-386
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• 2022

Currently, global developed countries in shipping and logistics establish smart ports by introducing various digital technologies such as automated terminals and sharing platforms. This means that the importance of efficiency throughout the port by improving resource utilization efficiency and minimizing work idle time is increasing. Therefore, this study proposes a yard truck dispatching method of improving resource utilization efficiency. And we analyze the problems of the existing dispatching rules and develop Y/T dispatching algorithm that comprehensively considers related constraints. In addition, the simulation takes into account the terminal congestion based on the operation data of the Busan New Port, it is conducted using the existing dispatch method and developed Y/T dispatching algorithm. And the operational effects of analysis result are evaluated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.3 s.81
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• pp.85-94
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• 2005

The scale and operating conditions of logistical systems very sensitively varies according to the variation of traffic intensity that is affected by the arrival characteristics of trucks and the attributes of loading/unloading services in logistics facilities. More exactly, logistics costs are incurred according to variations of traffic intensity. which are intimately linked with in a given time period. Also. although traffic intensity changes minutely, the range of cost variation is wide. Nevertheless, with regard to operating logistics systems, the existing studies make no attempt to analyze these factors. Therefore, it was the purpose of this study to determine the optimal traffic intensity to minimize excessive logistics costs resulting from the generation of unnecessary costs such as waiting costs and overcosts in operating a facility. For the purposes of this analysis. a determination model of optimal traffic intensity was constructed according to queuing theory. The inflow/outflow conditions of trucks and the terminal operational conditions were collected from an off-dock container terminal in Busan. On the basis of this data. the optimal traffic intensity that could off-set excessive waiting and operating costs was determined quantitatively. Also. using the optimal traffic intensity to be determined. we consider the improvements of operating system in the logistics facilities.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.138-147
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• 2021

The need for analysis of the operational efficiency and productivity of the Busan Port Container Terminal is increasing because of the Hanjin Shipping's bankruptcy and the re-establishment of the Maritime Alliance. This paper analyzes the efficiency and productivity of five Busan New Port Container Terminal companies by using the DEA analysis and Malmquist productivity index model based on the port construction disclosure data and the collected terminal internal data. According to the analysis, the average efficiency of the five container terminals increased in 2018 but declined slightly in 2019, and the Malmquist index showed that all terminals except A have advanced productivity. Additionally, relative to facility productivity, operators at the North Container Terminal had higher facility productivity than operators at the Busan New Port Nam Container Terminal, and regarding capital productivity, the D terminal ported by HMM, a national shipping company, was the highest in facility productivity. Regarding labor productivity, the C terminal showed the highest productivity, and regarding ship work productivity, the A terminal showed the highest productivity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.107-115
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• 1998

For the purpose of building the simulation model on cargo handling capacity of container terminal, we composed a model of container logistics system which has a 4 subsystems ; cargo handling, transportation, storage system and Gate complex system. Several date used in simulation gained through spot research and basic statistic analysis using raw data from January to Jane in 1998. The results of this study are as follows ; First, average available ratio of each subsystem was G/C 50%, Y/T 57.5%, storage system 56%, Gate complex 50%, and there was no subsystem occurring specific bottleneck. Second, comparing the results of simulation to the results of basic statistics, we can verify suitability of this simulation model. Third, Comparing the results of this study to the results of existed study, we were able to confirm a change of BCTOC container logistics system under IMF situation.