• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 2014

To increase the heat transfer rate of the air pre-heating heat exchanger used for the condensing boiler, We investigated condensation heat transfer coefficients through plasma surface treatment. The hydrophilic surface showed about 10% increase in heat transfer rate than original plate. It shows that Shah correlation can be used to predict the condensation heat transfer coefficient on the original surface within 10% error range after the compatison between Shah correlation and the condensation heat transfer coefficients measured on the hydrophilic surface and original surface. Therefore, we have shown that Shah correlation is available when designing the air pre-heating heat exchanger using the original surface in this study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.124.1-124.1
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• 2015

$TiO_2$는 화학적으로 안정하며, 인체에 무해하고, 살균특성 및 각종 유기물에 효과적인 분해력, 안정성 및 내구성들의 장점으로 인해 널리 사용되는 광촉매제로 알려져 있다. 최근 $TiO_2$는 유리에 접촉되는 물방울의 표면장력을 크게 하여 접촉각을 10도 이하로 유지시켜줌으로써 비가 오거나 청소를 위해 살수를 할 때 유리면에 얇은 수막을 형성시켜 광촉매 기능으로 분해된 유기질의 오염물질 및 유리표면과의 결합력이 낮아진 무기질의 오염원을 쉽게 제거해 주는 특성들로 인해 오염방지 코팅제로 많이 활용되고 있다. 그러나, $TiO_2$는 빛이 조사될 경우에만 친수특성을 나타낸다는 단점들이 있어 본 연구에서는 $TiO_2$에 $SnO_2$를 혼합한 박막을 증착하여 신뢰성을 향상시키고자 하였다. 또한 기존 $TiO_2$ 코팅막들이 주로 spray 또는 blade 방식으로 코팅되어 코팅된 막이 낮은 균일성과 내구성을 가지므로 본 연구에서는 RF-Magnetron Sputtering 방법을 이용하여 유리 기판위에 $(TiO_2)50(SnO_2)50$ 박막을 증착하였다. 제작된 박막은 유리에 적용될 경우를 감안해 광학적 특성을 분석하기 위해 Uv-vis Spectrometer 장비를 이용하여 투과율을 분석하였으며, $SnO_2$ 혼합에 따른 구조적 특성으로 주사전자현미경(Scanning Electric Microscope, SEM)을 통하여 박막의 결정상을 분석하였으며, 주사탐침현미경(Atomic Force Microscope, AFM)을 사용하여 표면 거칠기를 관찰하였다. 또한 광촉매 특성을 통한 친수성을 알아보기 위해 UV 램프를 사용한 후 접촉각을 측정하였다.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.383-387
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• 1998

The effect of hydrophilic surface modification of low density polyethylene(LDPE) byt the plasma gas($O_2$, $N_2$, and $O_2/N_2$) was investigated from the point of view of the functionalities of the generated LDPE surfaces and the contact angle. By virtue of x-ray photoelectron spectra(XPS) and attenuated total reflectance(FT-IR ATR) analysis, the LDPE surfaces treated with plasma were generated with oxygen functionalities of carbonyl, carboxyl, and the like, nitrogen functionalities by nitrogen plasma and mixing of nitrogen and oxygen plasma treatment were identified with. It was found that nitrogen plasma treatment showed with minimum value at contact angle for rf-power and treatment time, we had obtained optimum condition for hydrophilic surface modification at composite parameter, [(W/FM)t] 520~550GJs/kg.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.405-414
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• 2015

Fluid transport is a key issue in the development of microfluidic systems. Recently, Myong (2014) has proposed a new concept for droplet transport without external power sources and numerically validated the results for a hypothetical 2D, initially having a hemicylindrical droplet. In this paper, the movement of an actual water droplet, initially having a 3D hemispherical shape, on horizontal hydrophilic/hydrophobic surfaces is simulated using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package, Fluent, with VOF (volume of fluid) method. The results are compared with the 2D analysis of Myong (2014), and the transport mechanism for the actual water droplet is examined based on the numerical results of the time evolution of the droplet shape, as well as the total kinetic, gravitational, surface free and pressure energies inside the droplet.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2018

The objective of the present study is to examine the feasibility on the development of high-insulation concrete using aerogels with hydrophilic surface treatment. To prevent the segregation and enhance the dispersibility of agerogels in the cement pastes, the substrate of aerogels was modified to be hydrophobic property using surfactant. The modified aerogels were added from 0% to 100% of the cement volume at the interval of 25% under the constant cement content. Some cement pastes showed segregation phenomenon and flocculation of aerogels during mixing phase. The addition of aerogels decreased the compressive strength of cement pastes but enhanced the thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of pastes with 100% aerogels was lower by 43% when compared with that measured in the conventional paste. To improve the compressive strength and insulation capacity of concrete containing aerogels, a reliable surface treatment method of aerogels needs to be further investigated.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2020

To prevent loss of hair protein during hair washing process by water through, a shield coating the pathway of water molecules was studied. Hydrophobic virgin hair, hydrophilic hair, which was damaged only methyleicosanoic acid (18-MEA) on the surface, and a repaired hair re-bound 18-MEA, were prepared and water mass changes by as heat were measured. Results showed that hydrophobic hairs followed bi-exponential function of 39 s and 151 s and other two hairs exhibited fast- and mono-exponential decay with 83 s, reflecting the extraction of water molecules without any resistance at the hydrophobic surface. On the assumption that hydrophobic surface resists an extraction of protein in water during the wash, the protein concentrations were compared from the hair of hydrophobic and hydrophilic surface. The extracted hair proteins were 179 and 148 ㎍/mL from the hair coated with hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), respectively. This study suggested that hydrophobic coating on the hair surface could be used to prevent protein loss in wash, represented by LFM. In conclusion, this research provides some useful information to contribute to the development of hair washing products that can prevent protein loss in the cleaning process by granting hydrophobic coatings.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.531-540
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• 2019

Hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanosilica and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a coupling agent was used to form a coarse spike structure as well as an excellent reactive hydroxyl groups on the glass surface. Then, a second treatment was carried out using a trichloro-(1H,1H,2H,2H)perfluorooctylsilane(TPFOS) solution for ultimate water repellent glass surface formation. The formation of hydrophobic coating layer on glass surface using silica aerosol, which is hydrophobic nanosilica, was not able to form a durable hydrophobic coating layer due to the absence of reactive -OH groups on the surface of nanosilica. On the other hand, a glass surface was first coated with a coating liquid prepared with hydrophilic hydroxyl group-containing nanosilica and hydrolyzed TEOS, and then coated with a TPFOS solution to introduce a hydrophobic surface on glass having a water contact angle of $150^{\circ}$ or more. The sliding angle of the coated glass was less than $1^{\circ}$, which meant the surface had a super water-repellent property. In addition, as the content of hydrophilic nanosilica increased, the optical transmittance decreased and the optical transmittance also decreased after 2nd coating with the TPFOS solution. The super-hydrophobic property of the coated glass was remained up to 50 times of rubbing durability test, but only hydrophobic property was shown after 200 times of rubbing durability test. Conclusively, the optimal coating conditions was double 1st coatings with the HP3 coating solution having a hydrophilic nanosilica content of 0.3 g, and subsequent 2nd coating with the TPFOS solution. It is believed that the coating solution thus prepared can be used as a surface treatment agent for solar cells where light transmittance is also important.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.279-279
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• 2014

젖음각 80도 이상의 금속분리판 표면을 상압 플라즈마 처리하여 젖음각 10~40도를 갖는 표면으로 개질하였다. 친수성 처리 후 항온항습 상태에서 젖음각 변화를 관찰하였다. 또한 표면 및 부식 특성을 평가하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.236-241
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• 2012

It is widely recognized that it is hard to prepare hydrophilic graphite nanoparticles because of their high crystallinity and inert characteristics. In this study, we successfully synthesized the hydrophilic graphite nanoparticles by using liquid phase pulsed laser ablation method which has been actively employed for the thin film deposition up to now. The obtained hydrophilic graphite showed an ultra-high dispersion stability in water, because the hydrophilic functional groups like carboxyl and carbonyl group was simultaneously introduced onto the graphite surface with the nanoparticle formation, as confirmed by FT-IR and zeta potential measurements. Finally, a markedly enhanced gas sensing ability for acetone was shown in comparison with the conventional carbon black for the carbon polymer composite sensor with polyethyleneglycol (PEG).

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.46-50
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• 1997