• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.35 no.2 s.333
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• pp.87-89
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• 1997

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.555-560
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• 2002

치근부 민감성 (hypersensitivity)은 부분적으로 치근면에서의 개방된 상아세관이 존재하는 것에 기인한다고 생각되며 이러한 치근부의 개방된 상아세관은 치경부 병소 (cervical lesion)에 주로 존재하는데 이는 칫솔질에 의한 마모(toothbrush abrasion), 화학적 침식 (chemical erosion), 또는 abfraction 등의 결과로 나타난다고 한다. 이미 Nd-YAG 레이저를 이용한 실험에서 레이저를 조사한 상아질 표면의 상아 세관 구경이 감소되고 상아세관의 폐쇄가 많이 증가되는 양상을 관찰한 바 있다. 이 실험의 목적은 고출력레이저인 Nd-YAC 레이저를 이용한 상아질 표면처치의 임상사용가능성을 좀 더 상세히 평가하기 위해 상아질에 레이저를 처리한 후 기계적으로 마모시킨 경우 상아질 표면의 변화를 관찰하는 것이다. 50개의 발치된 치아의 상아질을 노출시켜 표면을 연마한 후 대조군에서는 37% 인산으로 산부식하여 상아 세관을 노출시킨 후 레이저를 조사하였고, 실험군에서는 대조군과 같은 조건으로 산과 레이저로 처리된 상아질 표면을 15, 45, 90 그리고 180분 동안 전동 칫솔로 기계적으로 마모시켜 그 표면을 주사전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 대조군, 칫솔질을 15, 45분간 시행한 실험군에서는 상아 세관 입구가 10% 이내에서 노출되었고 50 그리고 180분간 칫솔질을 시행한 실험군에서는 45 그리고 48%의 상아세관 입구의 노출이 관찰되었다. 그러므로 Nd-YAC레이저의 조사는 상아질 표면에서 축적 시간이 45분 이상에서 90분 이하인 기계적 마모에 의한 상아 세관 입구의 노출을 억제할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1023-1025
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• 1977

In order to collect some necessary data to promote correcting the toothbrushing method, the author had observed and evaluated the cervical abrasion experience rate in 1000 Korea male and female adults from 19 to 52 years in the age. The obtained results were as follows 1. Cervical abrasion experience rate was 26.1% 2. Cervical abrasion experience rate in male adults was higher than that in female adults. 3. Cervical abrasion experience rate was gradually increased by aging. 4. In Korean adults, the further detail investigations into the cervical abrasion were required.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.387-393
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate stepwise regression analysis on cervical abrasion & general characteristics, subjective oral health perception, habit related to oral health, and oral symptom. Methods : The study subjects were 2,158 workers in 23 industrial work places located in Gumi-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do Province from June 1 to July 1, 2012. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained. Results : 1. The cervical abrasion rate was high in men and older age group. 2. The cervical abrasion rate was high in a case of having not received scaling for the past one year. 3. The cervical abrasion rate was high in frequent tooth brushing. 4. The cervical abrasion rate was high in group having no bleeding in tooth and the gum. 5. The cervical abrasion rate was high in group having the cold symptom in teeth. 6. Excluding gum pain and bleeding, factors affecting tooth abrasion were gender, age, scaling over the past year, frequency of brushing a day and tooth sensitivity when cold food was ingested. 7. Gender and tooth sensitivity turned out to have negative(-) effect. age, scaling over the past year and frequency of brushing a day turned out to have positive(+) effect. Conclusions : Through this study, the best prevention method of cervical abrason is effective tooth brushing education and regular dental check up.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.4-22
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• 2012

치경부에 발생된 병소 부위(cervical lesion)는 "우식성 병소(caries lesion)"와 "비우식성 병소(non-caries lesion)"로 분류할 수 있다. 우식성 병소는 구강 내 세균들의 활동에 기인하여 발생된 병소로서 경조직 손상 부위의 수복과 함께 우식이 재발하지 않도록 체계적으로 대응하는 것이 필요하다. 비우식성 병소는 산성 물질, 저작력 및 이물질에 의한 마모 작용과 같은 다양한 원인에 의해 발생될 수 있으며, 수복 치료에 앞서 병소에 발생 원인을 규명하는 것이 중요하다. 먼저 병소 유발 원인에 대한 분석과 이에 대한 적절한 조치를 취한 후에 수복 치료를 시행하는 것이 바람직하다. 심미적인 요구가 높은 치경부 병소의 수복을 위하여 사용될 수 있는 재료는 "불소를 방출하는 재료"와 "불소를 방출하지 않는 재료"로 나뉘어지는데, 세균의 활동에 의해 형성된 우식성 병소의 수복에는 불소를 방출하는 재료를 사용하는 것이 추천된다. 우수한 심미성과 보다 강력한 유지력이 요구되는 경우에는 복합 레진계 수복 재료들을 사용하여 수복하게 되는데, 이 경우에는 "접착 술식(bonding procedure)"이 중요한 역할을 수행하게 된다. "접착 술식"은 수복물의 일차적인 유지 뿐 아니라 지각과민을 해소하고 2차 우식을 방지하며, 궁극적으로 수복물의 수명을 좌우하는 결정적인 역할을 수행한다. 자연 치아를 최대한 보존하고자 하는 "최소침습(minimum intervention)" 개념에 바탕을 두고 세심하게 형성된 와동에 각각의 증례에 최적화된 수복 재료를 선택하여 수복치료를 시행한다면 보다 심미적이고 환자가 편안한 치경부 수복물을 완성할 수 있을 것이다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of surface sealing materials on microleakage and surface roughness in Class V composite restorations. Twenty five standardized Class V cavity preparations were made on the facial surface of human premolars and were randomly assigned to 5 groups. The teeth were restored with Z-250 after applying Single Bond. Following 7 days storage in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$, the restorations were sealed as following systems : No sealing ; Single Bond Adhesive ; Biscover ; Fortify ; Optiguard. Then, toothbrush abrasion test was conducted using a wear testing machine. Surface roughness was measured by means of profilometer before and after toothbrushing and the results were statistically analysed by using a paired t-test and ANOVA. The bonded interfaces and the changes of surface roughness were examined by SEM. For microleakage test, specimens were stained in a $2\%$ methylene blue solution, then longitudinally sectioned and analyzed for leakage at occlusal and cervical interfaces using stereomicroscope. The results were statistically analysed by using a Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test. Surface roughness was increasing in all groups after toothbrushing, but no statistically significant differences. In SEM observation, surface sealant was partially retained and partially detached in bonded interfaces. Especially, microgap was identified in cervical margins. In microleakage test, there was better seal in the enamel region and a significant difference between groups at occlusal margin. Control group and Single Bond group had significantly better marginal seal at enamel margin than cervical margin.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.118-128
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• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate the toothbrush abrasion characteristics of seven commercially available light-cured cervical restorative materials one resin-modified glass-ionomer material(Fuji II LC) three polyacid-modified composites(Compoglass, Dyract, F2000), and three light-cured composites(Heliomolar, Palpique Estelite, UniFil F). All samples were stored in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. 2.0N of weight was loaded during the test and the abraded surfaces were examined with profilometer and SEM after 100,000 cycles. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The highest hardness value of 79.7 was observed in the FT group and the lowest value of 20.0 was observed in the HM group. Results of Tukey test showed that an overall significant difference was indicated except the CG and DR groups(p<0.05). 2. The highest surface roughness was observed in the FL group and the lowest was observed in the UF group. Results of Tukey test showed the significant difference between the FL or FT and UF groups(p<0.05). 3. Statistically higher abrasion and surface roughness were observed for the dentifrice of paste type, Perio A+, than for that of gel paste type, Tom & Jerry. 4. The surface roughness values increased on the abraded surfaces because of the protrusion of filler particles due to selective removal of matrix resin.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.654-660
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• 2001

Dentinogenesis imperfecta is an example of an inheritable dentinal defect originating during the histodifferentiation stage of tooth development, with involvement of the primary and permanent teeth. Shields, Bixler and El-Kafrawy proposed three types of Dentinogenesis imperfecta : Type I, II, III. Witkop reported a prevalence of 1 in 8000 with the trait, and no significant difference between male and female. Affected teeth have red-brown discoloration often with distinctive wearness of occlusal surface of posterior teeth and incisal surface of anterior teeth. Once enamel seperated from underlying defective dentin, the dentin demonstrates significantly acclerated attrision. Radiographically, the teeth have thin roots, bulbous crown, cervical constriction, and obliteration of the root canals and pulp chambers. In primary dentition periapical lesions or multiple root fractures are often observed. In successive generations the phenotypes of discoloration and wearness of teeth occurred, and one of the patient's subships, 10 year-old sister, showed general discoloration of her teeth and mild wearness. In this case, a 4 year-old male reported to the Yonsei University Pedodontics clinic, with a chief complaint of discolored teeth. The teeth showed generally yellowish-brown discoloration and moderate wearness. In radiographic features, obliteration of pulp, bulbous crown, and short roots were observed. It was diagnosed as Dentinogenesis imperfecta. The posterior teeth were restored with Stainless Steel Crown, and defective incisors including left upper primary central incisor which was extracted due to a root fracture with Open-faced Stainless Steel crown.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2001

In order to know the effect of dentin bonding agents on the restoration of cervical abrasion, Scotchbond Multipurpose Single Bond and Clearfil Liner Bond 2 were used in 51 teeth with abrasion lesion and normal teeth. The surface structure and dentinal tubules of acid etched dentin and resin replica were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The interfacial morphology between dentin and adhesives was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Following results were obtained. 1. The hybrid layer and resin tag of the dentin showing cross-sectional surface of dentinal tubules are thicker and longer than those of dentin showing oblique surface of dentinal tubules. 2. The sclerotic cast was frequently observed in dentinal tubule, and the cast looked like cuboidal or rhomboidal-shaped crystals clumped from outer side to inner side. 3. The formation of hybrid layer and resin tag was the most prominent in Scotchbond Multipurpose group, whereas Clearfil Liner Bond 2 group showed very poor formation. The formation of hybrid layer and resin tag in Single Bond group was less than Scotchbond Multipurpose group.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of dentin bonding agents on marginal leakage. V-shaped cavities were prepared on the faciocervical area of 140 extracted human teeth. In Groups of twenty cavities, they were restored as follow: Group 1 with enamel bonding resin and Silux, Group 2 Scotchbond and Silux, Group 3 enamel bonding resin and Heliomolar, Group 4 Dentin Adhesit and Heliomolar, Group 5 enamel bonding resin and Durafill, Group 6 Dentin Adhesive and Durafill, Group 7 Chembond. All specimens were thermocycled alternatively at $4^{\circ}C$ and $60^{\circ}C$ of 2% methylene blue dye solution, and sectioned faciolingually with diamond disk under water spray. The sectioned specimens observed with stereo microscope. Following results were obtained: 1. The groups filled with Scotchbond-Silux or Dentin Adhesit-Heliomolar had appeared lesser marginal leakage compared with the groups with enamel bonding resin-Silux or enamel bonding resin-Helimolar. 2. The group filled with Dentin Adhesive-Durafill did not show the reduction of the marginal leakage compared with the group with enamel bonding resin-Durafill. 3. There was significant difference among the four dentin bonding agents. Scotchbond showed the greatest marginal sealing ability, and Dentin Adhesit was the next. The marginal sealing ability of Dentin Adhesive was the worst.