• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.75-101
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• 2010

One of the reasons for low fertility rate in Korea is related to the delayed marriage among the population belong to marriage cohorts. The major goal of this study is to analyze how the economic resources such as level of education, whether employed or not, and occupation have affected one's marriage opportunity and how it is differed by gender. Meanwhile, the changes in the influence of economic resources and the changes in the marriage norms were also studied by analyzing 2% Census data in 1995, 2000 and 2005. Total number of 1.1 million men and women in their ages between 20 to 44 are included in data and binary-logistic analysis is used for statistical research. This study supports a traditional hypothesis that the influence of economic resources on probability of marriage is different by gender. More important academic contribution of this study is the quality of economic resources is becoming more important for men since Asian economic crisis and that the negative effect of it on women is declining since 2000. It is analyzed that the effect of marriage norm has recently decreased on the part of women. These findings suggest that there is a tendency of polarization of marriage market in Korea affected by economic polarization since Asian economic crisis.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.451-484
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• 2013

This study investigated the factors that influence subjective well-being of immigrant wives in Korea. We initially grouped the factors into 3 categories: personal, domestic, and social. For personal factors, we included couple's age difference, reason for entry, religion, marital duration, employment status, economical status, acculturation to Korean culture, acquisition of Korean language, and ego-resiliency. For domestic factors we included marriage process, reason for marriage, husbands' understanding of wife's native language, husbands' understanding of wife's culture, marital satisfaction, existence of children, head of the household, and parenting efficacy. Finally for social factors, awareness of welfare services and systems, use of public institutions and civil organizations, and participation in social groups were included. We recruited 256 immigrant wives who live in Asan City, Chungnam Province and the data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. The factors that statistically significant were: ego-resiliency, marital duration, acculturation to Korean culture and economic status among personal factors; parenting efficacy, marital satisfaction and marriage process (married without a matchmaker) among domestic factors; participation in self-help group of women from the same mother country, awareness of welfare services and systems, participation in hobby club, and participation in fraternal/religious society among social factors. It is hoped that this paper will yield general insights into subjective well-being of immigrant wives and may help them to develop inner talent and strength.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.76-93
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• 2010

This study analyzed the dietary lifestyle among housewives and found out the effect of dietary lifestyle on consumption pattern of soybean paste. Data were collected from 312 housewives living in Gyeongnam region through a self-administered questionnaire. According to the result of the factor analysis, dietary lifestyle were categorized into five factors: health-seeking type, convenience-seeking type, safety-seeking type, popularity-seeking type, and taste-seeking type. About thirty-five percent of the respondents knew the way how to prepare soybean paste while nineteen percent did not. There were significant differences in awareness regarding how to prepare soybean paste according to healthy-seeking lifestyle, convenience-seeking lifestyle, safety-seeking lifestyle, and popularity-seeking lifestyle. Thirty-seven percent of the respondents obtained soybean paste from family or relatives, whereas twenty-six percent made it at home. The result of the multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the ways of obtaining soybean paste were age, monthly household income, employment status, coresidence with parent(s), husband's parent(s), or older relative(s), dwelling types, healthy-seeking lifestyle, convenience-seeking lifestyle and safety-seeking lifestyle.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze job of die and mold makers for apprenticeship education of specialized high school using DACUM method. The contents of this study were to identify the duties, specific tasks performed and the level of importance, difficulty, frequency and entry level on each task. This study also make out a DACUM chart of die and mold makers for apprenticeship education of specialized high school. The DACUM committee, which consisted of one facilitator, nine die and mold experts, one recorder and one coordinator, was established to conduct DACUM. The conclusions are as follows; First, this study defines a die and mold makers as 'a person who make it possible to manufacture/assemble/inspect die and mold parts using various machine tool'. Second, duties in job of die and mold makers for apprenticeship education were total 12 and total tasks in job of die and mold makers for apprenticeship education were 86. Third, this study determine the level of importance, difficulty, frequency and entry level about each task. Finally, this study make out a DACUM chart of die and mold makers for apprenticeship education of specialized high school based on the results of DACUM job analysis. And knowledge, skills, tools, and positive behaviors, future trends/concerns about die and mold makers for apprenticeship education of specialized high school were presented.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.133-157
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• 2012

This study analyzed plans for retirement by focusing on preferred retirement timing(PRT) measure. Current pension program show rather strong guideline about the timing of full-retirement. This study asked whether the middle age group are willing to retire correspond to the policy guidelines or not. Research sample came from 2008 KLOSA data, recruiting 1,367 workers who are residing in cities or in metropolitan area (women: 34.8%). I have analyzed one item question asking "In what age do you want to fully retire?", The results showed that, about two third of respondents declared they do not want to retire unless they have health problems, or would expect to retire no earlier than age 70. However, a third of respondents expected normal retirement coming between 60~64. Second, the determinants of timing for retirement were differ by PRT. Social determinants, such as gender, short work hours, being employed, and higher status in family income were associated with early PRT. While, good health status, positive view on the future economics were highly associated with late PRT. The results reveal that the timing of retirement is getting more diverse and obscure in the individual level.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.51-72
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• 2005

The purpose of this article is to empirically testify three hypotheses on the relation between married women's employment and the allocation of unpaid domestic work within households - i.e., adaptive partnership (AP), dual burden (DB) and lagged adaptation (LA) models. The AP hypothesis assumes that, when wives are employed, husbands spend more time doing housework in order to compensate for their wives' increased responsibility. The DB model, by contrast, indicates that, even if married women are employed, their burden on domestic work does not decrease. In this case, therefore, the dual burden of married women can be expected. Between these two opposite views, the third, alternative hypothesis has been suggested recently. The LA model argues that the behaviours of households are adaptive to the changing environments but over a period of many years and even across generations. The article has analysed the total work time as well as unpaid domestic work time to testify these three hypotheses, utilising 1999 Time Use Survey data of the National Statistical Office. The research results can be summarised as follows. First, married working women worked 100 minutes more than their male spouses. Second, the average domestic work time of married men, 23-25 minutes per day, was no more than 5-10% of that of women. Third, the effects of age and women's employment were not statistically significant in multiple regression models, which means that the DB hypothesis explains the situation of married working women in Korea. Based on these findings, the article suggested the expansion of the public social service system to mitigate the dual burden of married working women, the introduction of compensatory credit for caring work, and the directions of further empirical research using the time use survey data.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data for preventing dental caries, and maintaining and enhancing oral health. The subjects of this study were 138 male and female students who were in the 6th grade of elementary schools in Gimpo city. This study investigated the number of decayed tooth and the factors related to the number of decayed tooth, by using the results of questionnaire and oral health survey over such subjects. So, this study obtained the following conclusions. 1. For the number of decayed tooth, 'nothing(D = 0)' was the highest as 37.7%, and 'from two to three' was 23.9%, 'more than four' was 21%, and 'one' was 17.4% in order. 2. For the frequency of visiting dental clinics within the last one year, 'one to two times' was the highest as 52.2%, and the children who have not visited dental clinics even one time during one year were 23.9%. 3. For average daily tooth brushing frequency, 'two times' was the highest as 71.7%. For the use of oral health devices besides toothbrushes, 'I don't use' was the highest as 54.3%. For the experience of sealant and fluoride application, 'nothing' was the highest as 86.9% and 71.3% respectively. For the recognition on the use of fluoride dentifrice, 'I don't know' was the highest as 66.9%. 4. The socio-demographic factors related to the number of decayed tooth were mother's age, mother's background, mother's employment, and after-school fosterer(p > 0.05). 5. The oral health care factors related to the number of decayed tooth were average daily tooth brushing frequency, the use of oral health devices besides toothbrushes, and the experience of fluoride application.(p > 0.05) 6. The snack intake factors related to the number of decayed tooth were tooth care foods intake frequency and decaying foods intake frequency(p > 0.05). 7. The oral health belief item related to the number of decayed tooth was susceptibility(p > 0.05). 8. According to the results of regression analysis, the less mother was employed, the more the average daily tooth brushing frequency was, the more the tooth care foods intake frequency was, the less the decaying foods intake frequency was, and the higher susceptibility was, the lower the number of decayed tooth. 9. In order to prevent and cure early the dental caries which occur frequently in elementary school students, the establishment of oral health centers within schools should be expanded to promote tooth brushing instruction, fluoride solution rinsing, diet control, periodic oral examination.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.50-66
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• 1975

Since it is an undeniable fact that the so-called illegal field-burning cultivation is directly implicated in the causes of forest devastation, land erosion, and drought and flood, thus, barring the nation from a well-balanced economic growth, the policy to exterminate its practices must have the topmost priority. Eighty percent of Gangweon-do is mountain forests and naturally of all others this province has the largest area of illegally burned hill-side farminglands, stubbornly retarding the provincial development policy as well as directly causing tremendous forest damages. In 1965 a 7-year plan mapped out to rehabilitate these gypsy type field burning farmers only to be suspended in 1968 to give way to the mandatory project of clearing the isolated farmsteads set in deep mountain to circumvent the guerilla forces signaled by the so-called Samcheok-Uljin area infiltration. In the meantime, new hordes of roving farmers burned the forests, working a renewed havoc. To cope with this situation, the provincial government, taking the year 1973 as a planning year, launched another three year project (1974-76) and has been enforcing the rehabilitation project mobilizing the whole administrative power. Whether or not this project will succeed solely depends upon whether the forcedly rehabilitated roving farmers can really establish self-supporting homesteads. Among the various difficulties facing the newly established homesteaders are: (1) First of all, the homesteaders must be given money-earning jobs. (2) Financial supports or subsidies must be provided them with which to establish self-supporting homesteads. (3) Private enterprises as well as public organizations must offer them jobs with priority. (4) The rehabilitated rovers themselves must establish self-supporting homesteads before expecting the external assistance. (5) The rehabilitated rovers themselves must have the spirit of self-help, welcoming all levels and all kinds of jobs. (6) The rural revitalization movement must expand the self-help reconstruction projects to give them the opportunity to work. (7) All citizen in the province must receive and protect them with brethren love. (8) The evacuated burned-forests must be reforestrated with the principle of "best trees to the best lands". (9) The seedlings of species that the forest owners select must anyhow be secured and supplied (10) The organization and function of the village forestry association must be strengthened to take effective care of the reforestated burned-forests.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.185-223
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• 2008

This paper considers a heterogeneous agent dynamic general equilibrium model and analyzes effects of an increase in labor income tax rate on labor market and the aggregate variables in Korea. The fiscal policy regarding how the government uses the additional tax revenue may take the two forms: 1) general transfer and 2) earned income tax credit (EITC). The model features are as follows: 1) Workers are heterogeneous in their productivity. 2)Labor is indivisible, hence the analysis focuses on the variation in labor supply through the extensive margin in response to a change in fiscal policy. 3) The incomplete markets are introduced, so individual workers can not perfectly insure themselves against risks related to stochastic changes in income or employment status. 4) The model is of general equilibrium, hence it is equiped to analyze the feedback effect of changes in aggregate variables on individual workers' decisions. In the case of general transfer policy, the government equally distributes the additional tax revenue to all workers regardless of their employment states. Under this policy, an increase in the labor income tax rate dampens work incentives of individual workers so that the aggregate employment rate decreases by 1% compared with the benchmark economy. In the case of EITC policy, only employed workers whose labor incomes are below a certain EITC ceiling are eligible for the EITC benefits. Unlike the general transfer policy, the EITC induces low-income workers to participate the labor market to be eligible for EITC benefits. Hence, the aggregate employment rate may increase by 2.7% at the maximum. As the EITC ceiling increases, too many workers can collect the EITC but the benefits per worker becomes too little so that the increase in employment rate is negligible. By and large, this study demonstrates that EITC may effectively raise the aggregate employment rate, and that it can be a useful policy tool in response to the decrease in the labor force due to population aging as observed in Korea recently.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.437-456
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• 2016

This study, based on the need for department of LIS education program that targets training of subject-special librarian, focuses on proving that such education can improve perception of subject-special librarian and strengthen career decision-making. This study is composed of two parts. First, this study investigates case studies about subject-special librarian cultivation. Second, this study includes a survey about subject-special librarian, improving understanding about subject-special librarian, and improving career decision-making which was carried out targeting students who take 'Medical Terms and MeSH', and 'Health & Medical Information Sources' courses. Results are as follows. First, most of the respondents felt the need for medical librarian and medical information services (88.7%), understood the role of medical librarian (92.5%), got to know more about the types and functions of medical information services (100%), and came to be more aware of the self-esteem a medical librarian feels as a professional. Second, relatively, the percentage of respondents who demonstrated the willingness to work at a medical library (45.3%) or work in the field of medical information services (26.4%) was noticeably low. Third, there were no statistical difference in whether the students took related courses or not, number of courses they took and difference in their school year, and in regard of the level of understanding of medical librarian and medical information services, those who took courses demonstrated higher understanding than did those who did not take those courses. Also, those who took the courses showed stronger willingness to work as a medical librarian. Fourthly, the curriculum carried out by the department of library and information service was effective in understanding medical librarian and medical information services, but makes students more cautious about deciding whether or not to start their career at a medical library. Lastly, it was recommended that there is a need to have the curriculum updated in order to help students overcome the difficulty and unfamiliarity they feel about medical subject.