• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

The effects of temperature, salinity and irradiance on the growth of the dinoflagellate Akashiwo sanguinea isolated from Jaran Bay were examined in the laboratory. Maximum specific growth rate($0.28day^{-1}$) was observed with combination of $25^{\circ}C$ and 30 psu. Optimal growth (${\geq}80%$ of maximum specific growth rate) was obtained at $25^{\circ}C$ with salinities of 15~35 psu. This results indicated that A. sanguinea is a stenothermal of the high water temperature and euryhaline species. The irradiance-growth curve was described as ${\mu}=0.31(I-16.87)/(I+51.19)$. The compensation photon flux density ($I_0$) and half-saturation photon flux density ($K_I$) were $16.87{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ and $84.93{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$, respectively. In conclustion, A. sanguinea has advantage physiological characteristics for the species succession at the coastal areas in summer with sufficient irradiance, high water temperature and large salinity gradient.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2011

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been attracted much attention since they have been expected to be used in various areas by virtue of their outstanding physical, electrical, and chemical properties. In order to make full use of their prominent electric conductivity in some areas such as electron emission sources, device interconnects, and electrodes in energy storage devices, direct growth of CNT with vertical alignment is definitely beneficial issue because they can maintain mechanical stability and high conductivity at the interface between substrates. Here, we report direct growth of vertically aligned CNT (VCNT) on Cu foils using thermal chemical vapor deposition and characterize the field emission property of the VCNT. The VCNT's height was controlled by changing the growth temperature, growth time, and catalytic layer thickness. Optimum growth condition was found to be $800^{\circ}C$ for 20 min with acetylene and hydrogen mixtures on Fe catalytic layer of 1 nm thick. The diameter of VCNT grown was smaller than that of usual multi walled CNT. Based on the result of field emission characterization, we concluded that the VCNT on Cu foils can be useful in various potential applications where high conductivity through the interface between CNT and substrate is required.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.234-238
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• 1975

To determine the effect of canons on growth and major components of hot pepper fruit, various combinations of K, Ca and Mh concentration in culture media were employed. The results analyzed by using binary interaction method were: 1. For the ideal condition for growth, the plant height was found by 57% K-435 Ca in KCa group and $58.5%\;K^++41.5%\;Mg^{++}$ in KMg group. The number of node was showed by $59%\;K^++41%\;Ca^{++}$ and $60%\;K^++40%\;Mg^{++}$. 2. The ideal condition for the maximum yield was by $60%\;K^++40%\;Ca^{++}$ and $62%\;K^++38% Mg^{++}$. For matured fruit yield, $57%\;K^++43%\;Ca^{++}$ and $63%\;K^++37%\;Mg^{++}$ was found ideal. 3. There were no significant differences in the amount of free sugars and capsaicin between tge treatments. 4. The nitrogen level was almost constant in all treatments however, the ratio of Fe/Mn in each treatment was showed from 2 to 3.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.228-233
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• 1975

To determine the effect of anions on growth and major components of hot pepper fruit, various combinations of N, S and P concentration in culture media were employed. The results analyzed by using binary interaction method were 1. For the ideal condition for growth, the plant height was found by $75%\;NO_3^-+25%\;SO_4^{--}$ in NS group and $68.5%\;No_3^-+31.5%\;PO_4^{---}$ in NPgroup. The number of node was showed by $71%\;NO_3^-+29%\;SO_4^{--}$ and $75%\;NO_3^-+25%\;PO_4^{---}$. 2. The ideal condition for the maximum yield was by $77.5%\;No_3^-+22.5%\;SO_4^{--}$ and $72.5%\;NO_3^-+27.5%\;PO_4^{---}$. For matured fruit yield, $77%\;NO_3^-+23%\;SO_4^{--}$ and $73.5%\;NO_3^-+26.5%\;PO_4^{---}$ was found ideal. 3. There were no significant differences in the amount of free sugars and capsaicin between the treatments.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2001

The growth characteristics of 4-fold grain which was appeared in KLN deposition on $Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si(100)$ substrate was studied by varying process variables. Substrate temperature, sputtering pressure, rf power were selected as process variables, and experiment was carried out near optimum fabrication condition. When using K and Li enriched target, the optimum fabrication conditions were substrate temperature of $600^{\circ}C$, sputtering pressure of 150mTorr, rf power of 100 W and its surface morphology is sensitively varied by small deposition condition changes. KLN is composed of elements which have large difference of boiling point. And it is difficult to fabricate thin film at high temperature and high vacuum deposition condition. Furthermore the phenomenon during deposition process can not be explained by using Thorton's model which explains the relation between thin film structure and melting point of thin film materials. These phenomenon can be explained using boiling point of elements which consist of thin film material.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2008

To optimize the cell culture conditions of zebrafish embryonic cells, we compared the efficiency of three types of medium, DMEM, K-NAC and D-NAC. In this study, we showed that the cells grown in K-NAC have better plating efficiency than DMEM, especially in the case of low cell seeding density. However, cells grew slower in K-NAC than those in DMEM in confluent cultures. The effect of 0.1% zebrafish embryo extracts was minimal. The presence of 1% trout serum in culture medium significantly increased the growth rate of cells(p<0.05). No difference was found at $2{\sim}3{\times}10^5$ cell seeding density(p<0.05). At $4{\sim}5{\times}10^5$ cell seeding density, cells grew better in DMEM than K-NAC (p<0.1). The results suggest that supplementation of NAC and A2P in Keratinocyte SFM may improves plating efficiency when cells are plated at low population. No difference was found for cell growth in either medium with 5%, 10% or 15% FBS supplemented (p<0.05). Cells culture in D-NAC grew significantly better than those in DMEM(p<0.05). Our results clearly showed that the use of NAC and A2P in the culture medium has a positive effect on cell growth regardless of the amount of FBS added.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.255-271
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• 1993

For the development of seedling production techniques of the freshwater crab Eriocheir japonicus, the effects of salinity and temperature on the growth of larvae of the crab were studied. Embryos hatched out as zoea larvae were measured 0.421 mm in average carapace length. Five zoea stages needed 16-26 days for metamorphosis from zoea to megalopa at $22^{\circ}C$ and $24.5\%o$. The average carapace length of the 5th zoea was 1.16 mm and that of the megalopa larvae was 1.89 mm. Each zoea stage could be identified based on both the number of plumosed seatae on the exopodite of maxilliped, and the number of spines on the posteroinner margin of tel son and also based on the rudimentary pleopods appearence. Zoea larvae fed rotifers and Artemia nauplii were healthy and metamorphosing rate from zoea to megalopa was $80\~90\%\;at\;22\~26^{\circ}C\;and\;17.5\~31.5\%o$. The relationship between larval period (Y in days) and water temperature $(X\;in\;^{\circ}C)$ is expressed as Log Y = 3.8604-1.91735 LogX. Water temperature and salinity ranges for better survival and metamorphosis of the larvae were $ 22^{\circ}C\~26^{\circ}C\;(optimum\;at\; 26^{\circ}C)\;and\;17.5\%o\~31.5\%o\;(optimum\;at\;24.5\%)$, respectively. The duration of larval stages tend to longer as salinity levels deviated from optimum particulaly at lower end. All zoea larvae did not survive in freshwater.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.567-574
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• 2017

This study is to isolate and identify ${\gamma}$-amino butyric acid (GABA) producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from Makgeolii, traditional Korean rice wine and then establish the optimal culture conditions for GABA production. Sixty four LAB from Makgeolli were isolated according to the characteristics of the shape and color of the colony grown on MRS agar plate. The GABA production of the isolated strain cultured in MRS broth contained 1% MSG (mono-sodium glutamate) were determined and evaluated by TLC and HPLC analysis. Strain B-134 was selected for highest GABA production. From the analysis of 16S rRNA and glutamate decarboxylase B (gadB) gene sequences, strain B-134 was tentatively identified as a Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum B-134. Effects of culture parameters, including glutamic acid level, culture temperature, NaCl level, and pH on GABA production were investigated for culture optimization. The optimum culture condition for GABA production by B-134 were culture temperature of $37^{\circ}C$, pH of 5.7, NaCl content of 0% (w/v) and MSG content of 3% (w/v), which produced 25 mM of GABA during cultivation time of 48 hr. From these results, strain B-134 is expected to be utilized as useful microorganisms for GABA-enriched health beneficial food.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.80-83
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• 1999

Processing of thin films by chemical vapor deposition(CVD) is accompanied by chemical reactions, in which the rigorous kinetic analysis is difficult to achieve. In these conditions, thermodynamic calculation leads to better understanding of the CVD process and helps to optimise the experimental parameters to obtain a desired product. A CVD phase diagram has been used as guide lines for the process. By determining the effect of each process variable on the driving force for deposition, the thermodynamic limit of the substrate temperature for a diamond deposition is calculated in the C-H system by assuming that the limit is defined by the CVD diamond phase diagram. The addition of iso-supersaturation ratio lines to the CVD phase diagram in the Si-Cl-H system provides additional information about the effects of CVD porcess variables.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.50-50
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• 2017

최근의 사회경제적 변화는 그 속도가 빨라짐과 동시에 불학실성이 극도로 높아짐에 따라, 대기업을 비롯하여 과거 큰 성장을 이루어왔던 기성기업들의 기존 사업 강화와 미래 성장동력 확보가 더욱 어려운 현실이 되었다. 이러한 불확실성이 높은 기업환경에서 내부 시스템에만 의존적인 전략으로는 한계가 명확하여, 기업들이 외부의 자원을 활용하여 내부적인 대규모 투자 위험을 줄이고 신규사업의 불확실성에 대처하는 개방형 혁신전략이 필수적으로 받아들여져 왔다. 이러한 개방적 혁신 전략의 중요한 수단으로서 CVC(Corporate Venture Capital)는 그동안 미국을 중심으로 40여년간 활발히 활용되어 왔고 학문적 연구 대상으로 자리 잡았으나, 한국에서는 극히 일부 기업을 통해서만 전략적으로 운영되어 왔고 그 구분도 명확하지 않아 CVC에 대한 연구가 상당히 미약한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 국내외의 기존 연구 결과들을 분석하여 CVC에 대한 정의와 운영상 특징에 대하여 살펴보고, CVC가 운영 기업 및 벤처기업의 기술혁신과 가치제고에 미치는 제반 조건들의 분석을 통하여 CVC가 성공적인 양방향적 성과도출을 만드는 최적의 모델을 도출하여 보았다. CVC는 첫째, 불확실성이 높은 산업에 속한 기업들간의 투자관계가 성립될 때, 둘째, 설립 시 전략적인 포커스가 명확할 때, 셋째, 모기업이 영위하는 산업과 같은 분야에 속한 벤처기업들에 투자하며 동시에 서로가 공유 할 보완적 자산이 존재할 때, 마지막으로, 금융적 성과에 대해서 해당 매니저에 대한 성과보상을 일반 벤처캐피탈과 동일하게 지급할 때 가장 성공적인 성과를 만들어 낼 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이를 통해 도출된 시사점들을 바탕으로 더 많은 기성기업들이 성공적으로 CVC를 운영한다면, 신성장동력 확보와 대기업-벤처기업간 상생혁신을 이룰 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 창업문화 확산에도 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 기대 한다.