• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.309-314
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• 2019

본 연구는 오픈도메인 자연어 질의문 유형을 '질문 초점(Question Focus)'에 따라 분류하고, 기계학습 기반 질의문 유형 분류기의 성능 향상을 위한 주석 말뭉치 구축을 목표로 한다. 오픈도메인 질의문 분석을 통해 의문사 등의 키워드 기반 질의문 유형 분류의 한계를 설명하고, 질의문 내의 비명시적인 의미자질을 고려한 질문 초점 기반 질의문 유형 분류 기준을 정의하였다. 이 기준에 따라 구축된 112,856 문장의 주석 말뭉치를 기계학습(CNN) 기반 문장 분류 시스템의 학습 데이터로 사용하여 실험한 결과 F1-Score 97.72%성능을 보였다. 또한 이를 카카오 오픈도메인 질의응답시스템에 적용하여 질의문 확장을 위한 의미 자질로 사용하였고 그 결과 전체 시스템 성능을 1.6%p 향상시켰다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.124-131
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• 2011

This study is conducted to analyze the questioning styles of the parts of chemistry in 17 middle school science textbooks in terms of frequency, types, and placement of questions. The instrument was the Textbook Questioning Strategies Assessment Instrument (TQSAI) developed by the Cooperative Teacher Preparation Program, University of California in 1975. An averaged ratio of questionings/sentences (Q/S) of seventeen textbooks was 13.6% varying from 6.8% to 19.7%. Various question types were used in titles, early and middle steps in the sections except late steps. The comprehending questions were most frequent in the types of inquiry courses and the focusing questions were most frequent in the characteristics of instructional courses. The percentages of empirical questions for the total numbers of questions were slightly larger than nonempirical questions with values of 54.2% and 45.8%, respectively.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-45
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• 1997

멀티미디어를 사용하는 인간의 측면에서 기술에 대한 이해부족, 고객들의 혼란, 컴 퓨터 산업의 멀티미디어에 대한 잘못된 이해는 멀티미디어 미래를 깊이 생각하게 하고 조사 하게 된다. 멀티미디어 기술이 누구를 위한 것인가라는 질문 없이 무엇을 할 수 있는가라고 묻는 것은 적절한 질문이 아니다. 본 논문은 미디어기술 채택에 관한 과거의 경향에 초점을 맞춰 인간에게 적합한 기술이 어떻게 개발되고 인간의 선택이 어떻게 이루어지는지 조사한다.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.731-754
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• 2016

The purpose of the study is to identify the point of knowing. The point of knowing is the time, which indicates that 'knowing' occurs in the recognition process. To understand recognition process, the researchers analyzed the questions in units of lessons presented in elementary mathematics textbooks. The researchers analyzed the validity of the point of knowing and found out the basis of the point of knowing. The results are as follows. First, the point of knowing is time to expect to change from a leaner's 'not-knowing' to 'knowing'. Second, the point of knowing can be identified with the questions on textbooks to ask students to do practical action. Third, the point of knowing is closely related to instructional objective in a class. Fourth, in relation to subsidiary awareness and focal awareness, the point of knowing corresponds to focal awareness. Fifth, the point of knowing is equivalent to the inflection point at which personalization/contextualization is changed into depersonalization/decontextualization.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.01a
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• pp.197-202
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• 2007

컴퓨터 관련 인프라가 양적으로 팽창하는 지식 정보화 사회에서 컴퓨터 교육은 기초 기본 교육과 더불어 필수적으로 이루어져야 한다. 본 논문에서는 학생들이 쉽게 그리고 많이 접하는 웹에 관한 내용을 지도함에 있어 단순히 인터넷 검색이 아니라 어떻게 웹 페이지가 만들어지는지에 초점을 두었다. 이를 위해 PBL기반 HTML 텍스트 에디터를 구현하고 이를 수업에 직접 적용하여 배운 내용에 관한 형성 평가와 HTML 수업에 대한 흥미나 관심도 등을 설문지를 통해 알아보았다. 실험 결과 실험 집단과 통제 집단 사이에서 에디터로 인한 형성평가 성취도에는 차이가 없었다. 설문지를 통해 조사한 정의적인 영역은 7문항 중 수업의 난이도를 질문한 문항과 앞으로 홈페이지를 만들 수 있는가를 질문한 문항에서만 유의미한 차이를 보였다. PBL 기반의 HTML 텍스트 에디터는 인지적 영역의 성취도에서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않지만 직접 HTML 태그를 치지 않는 에디터를 이용해도 HTML과 관련된 지식을 습득할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the questions generated by elementary school pre-service teachers when reading the teacher's guide for the refraction of light, and to analyze the difficulties in understanding the concept and in making instructional plans. A total of 592 meaningful questions were generated by 283 elementary school pre-service teachers after reading the teacher's guide of 'light and lens' unit in the 6th grade of the 2015 revised curriculum. Of these, 306 questions are for understanding the concept of physics and 286 are pedagogical questions. As a result of the analysis, in terms of understanding the concept of physics, the elementary school pre-service teachers encounter difficulties in understanding the concept of the 'cause' of the phenomenon suggested in the textbook, such as the cause of refraction, the reason for scattering light, and the cause of the image change depending on the focal length of the convex lens. In terms of instructional planning, it was followed by questions about how to explain concepts, questions about not being able to explain concepts to elementary school students and having to teach only phenomena, specific explanation methods for specific concepts, and experimental methods. Although the teacher's guide contains various explanations and supplementary materials to help teachers understand the concept, it can be seen that there are many elementary pre-service teachers who cannot answer questions about some concepts even after reading the guide. For concepts with a high frequency of questions, it is necessary to prepare a tutorial that is more understandable. In the instructional plan, there were many questions about teaching methods and experimental methods, so it is necessary to provide more examples and specific experimental methods for explaining concepts in the teacher's guide.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.163-183
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to provide useful information for teachers by analyzing mathematical communication emphasized through 'exploratory activity' and 'story corner' in elementary textbooks based on the revised curriculum. Two classrooms from the first grade and second grade respectively were observed and videotaped. Mathematical communication of each classroom was analyzed in terms of questioning, explaining, and the sources of mathematical ideas. The results showed that only one classroom focused on students' thinking processes and explored their ideas, whereas the other classrooms focused mainly on finding answer. Particularly, this tendency often appeared when implementing 'story corner' than 'exploratory activity'. The reason for this was inferred that teachers were not familiar with teaching mathematics in stories and that teachers' manual did not include concrete questions and students' expected responses. This paper included implications on how to promote mathematical communication specifically in lower grades in elementary school.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.143-158
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• 2011

This study suggests a framework which extracts features of collective intelligence from social Q&A community sites and takes advantage of those features upon vertical search for domain specific knowledge or information retrieval. One source of collective intelligence on the internet is the question and answer(Q&A) data available from many Q&A sites. Vertical search is focused on searching special areas or specific domains. This paper proposes a framework for extending the relevant terms by using Q&A information connected with query that the user wants to retrieve, and then applies them to specific domain field that requires professional and detailed knowledge.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.3999-4010
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• 2015

This study aimed to describe and understand the clinical nurses' experience of nursing care for delivery of married immigrant women and then provide useful information for making strategies to improve nursing service for the married immigrant women in delivery. Data were collected with three focus group interviews and a few followed individual interviews and analyzed with qualitative content analysis. As a result, the 35 subcategories and 14 categories were extracted and named according to the five main interview questions. Based on the findings, the programs for nurses providing nursing care for married immigrant women in delivery to improve their language and cultural competencies are recommended.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.55-71
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• 2023

This paper theoretically explores the calculation of development impact fees focusing on urban growth, new urban development, developer, urban planner, housing, real estate market, community planning, community financing, local government, land use planning, public facilities, and development cost. Many questions related to who bears the burden of paying impact fees beg for answers based on empirical analysis. Those questions involve the extent to which landowners bear the burden, the effect of different levels of impact fees on the socioeconomic mix of communities, the distribution of fiscal benefits within a region where urban communities assess different levels of impact fees, and the preparedness of urban communities to accommodate development displaced by impact fees. Broader questions also relate to how urban and regional form is affected by differential application of impact fees throughout an area and whether money gained from the impact fees makes regional growth more or less efficient. Who ultimately pays development impact fees? There has been little empirical evaluation of how the market responds to development impact fees, but there is considerable information to suggest that, on the whole, the occupants - residents and users - pay the majority of the development impact fees.