• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.509-513
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• 2015

In this study, we evaluated the thermal denaturation characteristics of reusable NIPAM tissue mimicking (TM) Phantom by measuring the thermal sensitivity. And the changes of acoustic characteristic and thermal denaturation shape in NIPAM TM phantom according to the number of re-use time and re-use period were observed. With the result, as the sonication time is increased, the sound velocity of NIPAM phantom was decreased by 100 m/s and the attenuation was increased slightly. However, the changes according to the re-use period was not observed. In the thermal denaturation shape and size observation by ultrasound sonicaton, the remarkable changes have not been confirmed. With the result of this study, NIPAM Phantom was considered appropriate to evaluate and predict the effect of therapeutic ultrasound by in repeated sonication test.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the actual state about ultrasonic cleaning of soft contact lenses in local optical shops and evaluate the removal effect of protein deposit on soft contact lenses with different lens containers by ultrasonic cleaner for eyeglasses. Methods: The actual state about ultrasonic cleaning of soft contact lenses was surveyed in total 75 local optical shops in Seoul, Korea. The cleaning efficacy of different lens containers was compared by measuring the protein remained on ocufilcon D contact lenses after washing by an ultrasonic cleaner for eyeglasses. The changes on surfaces and wetting angles of ocufilcon D contact lenses by repeat ultrasonication were further investigated. Results: The main purpose to use ultrasonic cleaners in local optical shops was rapid cleaning. The ultrasonic cleaning efficacy of ocufilcon D contact lenses with glass containers was little higher than it with plastic containers, but was not significantly different. The changes on surfaces and wetting angles of ocufilcon D contact lenses in a plastic lens container by repeat ultrasonication such as 30 and/or 60 times were shown. Conclusions: There was not significant difference in cleaning efficacy between glass and plastic lens containers. However, repeat cleaning with ultrasonic cleaner for eyeglasses would be carefully considered since some significant changes in the parameters of lens surface and wetting angles were detected by repeat ultrasonification even when lens containers were used for ocufilcon D contact lens during ultrasonictions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2015

Ultrasonic imprinting is a micropattern replication technology for a thermoplastic polymer surface that uses ultrasonic vibration energy; it has the advantages of a short cycle time and low energy consumption. Recently, ultrasonic imprinting has been further developed to extend its functionality: (i) selective ultrasonic imprinting using mask films and (ii) repetitive ultrasonic imprinting for composite pattern development. In this study, selective ultrasonic imprinting was combined with repetitive imprinting in order to replicate versatile micropatterns. For this purpose, a repetitive imprinting technology was further extended to utilize mask films, which enabled versatile micropatterns to be replicated using a single mold with micro-prism patterns. The replicated hybrid micropatterns were optically evaluated through laser light images, which showed that versatile optical diffusion characteristics can be obtained from the hybrid micropatterns.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.63-64
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• 2001

유전적으로 우수한 능력을 보유하고 있는 소의 과배란처리로 수정란을 생산·이식하여 송아지를 생산하는 연구가 지속적으로 이루어지고 있으며, 생체로부터 연속적으로 미성숙 난자를 채란하여 수정란을 생산하는 연구가 근래에 와서 많이 보고되고 있다. 본 연구는 정상적으로 번식이 불가능한 젖소를 이용하여 생체 내 미성숙난자의 장기간 채란 시에 초음파기기와 간이 난자채취기의 효율성을 검토하고, 연속적인 반복 채란의 효율, 채란 난포란의 등급, 반복채란에 의한 장애우 발생 등에 대한 영향을 조사하여 고능력 소에서 체외수정란 안정적 생산에 활용 가능성을 검토하고자 실시하였다. (중략)

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.886-892
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• 1997

There are many methods to synthesize polystyrene latex. Emulsion polymerization technique is commonly used commercially, but it requires a new technology to replace a traditional polymerization method because of the disadvantage of chemical initiator for environmental pollution. Since free radicals can be produced by ultrasound energy effect, polystyrene latex was synthesized using ultrasound energy instead of chemical initiator. As the ultrasonic irradiation time was increased, average molecular weight was increased and polydispersity was decreased. The degree of polymerization was increased with the concentration of SDS and maximum degree of polymerization was shown at 2wt.% SDS concentration and the reaction temperature of $40^{\circ}C$. During the course of polymerization, molecular weight was repeatedly fluctuated because of occurrence of depolymerization. Narrow molecular weight distribution polystyrene latex having controlled molecular weight was synthesized by controlling ultrasonic irradiation time and the concentration of SDS.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.431-440
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• 2005

The precise measurement of ultrasonic power is important to the qualify assurance and the safety of medical ultrasonic equipments In the Present work, a brier theory was introduced to determine the ultrasonic Power from the time valving balance-indication due to the radiation force acting on an absorbing target and/or other causes such as buoyancy during the repetition of on/off behavior of ultrasonic irradiation. The developed automated system measuring the ultrasonic power was described in detail with the precise mechanical alignment tool , the electric signal generation network, the control and measurement network and the appropriate procedure. The ultrasonic power measured by the developed system was compared to the reference data calibrated by the other national metrology institute at 1 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, and 15 MHz over the range 10 mW to 10 W. Their relative differences are within $5\%$.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 2000

This study was conducted to determine the effect of repeated ultrasound-guided transvaginal retrieval of oocytes recovery, estrous cycle and ovarian adhesion in Korean native, Hanwoo heifers. Heifers were at unknown stages of the estrous cycle at the start of experiments in which all follicles $\geq$6mm in diameter were ablated. The results obtained in this study were as follows; Follicle developing number and oocytes collected number were no effected to repeated OPU to nine session, 4 e.a range oocytes collected to repeated OPU session. Oocytes were observated follicles were 8.7$\pm$4.2 e.a, collected oocytes were 4.1$\pm$3.4 e.a to two times collected per week and observated follicles was 10.2$\pm$6.1 e.a, collected oocytes were 4.3$\pm$2.9 e.a to one times collected per week, but no difference significantly(P＜0.05). Ovaries adhesive percentage to repeated OPU was eight ovaries adhisived(20%) of forty ovaries, three ovaries(7.5%) to 1~3 times oocytes collected, four ovaries(l0%) to 4~6 times, one ovaries(2.5%) to 7~9 times oocytes collected session. To repeated OPU effection, ovaries adhisive heifers were long estrous cycle(＞25 day) to 7 heads(87.5%) of 8 head, non-adhesive ovaries heifers were 5 heads(41.7%) were long estrous cycle to repeated OPU 12 heads. Although, now unknown about the dynamics of follicles wave and about functional changes to repeated OPU ovaries, more question about ovaries adhesive cause remain.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.15-22
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the properties of sawdust board impregnated with phenol resin according to the density and resin content of board. The sawdust board were manufactured to target densities of 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 g/cm³ and resin content of 5, 10, 15, 20% made from Pinus densiflora S. et Z., Larix. kaemferi C. and Pinus koraiensis S. et Z. The impregnation process were executed in two ways, the application of vacuum pressure then followed by atmospheric pressure, and the application of vacuum pressure with ultrasonic vibration then followed by atmospheric pressure. The density of impregnated sawdust board increased as density and resin content of sawdust board increased, but impregnation rate decreased. The density, impregnation rate, bending strength and brinell hardness of sawdust board in impregnated vacuum pressure with ultrasonic vibration then nonpressure were higher than those of vacuum pressure then nonpressure. In this results, the impregnation rate is increased in vacuum pressure with ultrasonic vibration then nonpressure, it has affected the properties of sawdust board impregnated with phenol resin.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.343-354
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• 2003

Simulation studies were carried out to investigate the responses of selection for three carcass traits (longissimus muscle area: EMA, fat thickness: BF, and marbling score: MS) based on either adjusted phenotypes (APH) or estimated breeding values (EBV) in multivariate animal model with different breeding schemes. Selection responses were estimated and compared on six different models with respect to breeding schemes using either carcass measurements or real time ultrasonic (RTU) scans generated by Monte Carlo computer simulation supporting closed breeding population. From the base population with 100 sires and 2000 dams, 20 sires and 1000 dams by each generation were selected by either APH or EBV for 10 generations. Relative economic weights were equal of three traits as EMA(1): BF(－1) : MS(1) for standardized either APH or EBV. For first two models which were similarly designed with current progeny-test program in Korean cattle, three carcass traits with records either only on male progenies (Model 1) or on male and female progenies (Model 2) were used for selecting breeding stocks. Subsequently, generation intervals on males were assumed as 6${\sim}$10 years in these two models. The other two models were designed with tools of selection by RTU rather than carcass measurements with genetic correlations of 0.81${\sim}$0.97 between RTU and corresponding carcass traits in addition to whether with records (Model 4) or without records (Model 3) on female. In these cases, generation intervals on males were assumed as 2${\sim}$4 years. The remaining last two models were designed as similar with Models 3 and 4 except genetic correlations of 0.63${\sim}$0.68 between RTU and corresponding carcass traits with records (Model 6) and without records (Model 5) on females. The results from 10 replicates on each model and selecting methods suggested that responses indirect selection for carcass traits in Model 4 were 1.66${\sim}$2.44 times efficient rather than those in Model 1. Otherwise, in Model 6 with assuming moderate genetic correlations, those efficiencies were 1.18${\sim}$2.08 times with comparing to responses in Model 1. However, selection response for marbling score was the smallest among three carcass traits because of small variation of measurements. From these results, this study suggested that indirect selection using RTU technology for improving high meat qualities in Korean cattle would be valuable with modifying measuring rules of marbling score forward to large variation or modifying relative economic weight for selection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.99-106
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to after induced delayed onset muscle soreness, the purpose of this study is to present the effective way on skin temperature changes and cold pain for 14 subjects during to applied with only Cold-jet stream and Cold-jet stream with infra red. 14 healthy men and women who delayed onset muscle soreness eccentric contractions induced by exercise and then the biceps alone was applied to the Cold-jet stream. We measured the time that skin temperature fall from room temperature to $10^{\circ}C$(first period), the time rewarmed from $10^{\circ}C$ to $20^{\circ}C$(second period), the time fall again to $10^{\circ}C$(third period) and the time rewarmed again to $20^{\circ}C$(fourth period). Cold-jet stream with infrared combination therapy was performed with the same method. Results of this study were 1st and 2nd experimental cooling experiments in the to fall to $10^{\circ}C$ Cold-jet stream with infrared combination therapy than in the Cold-jet stream was longer(p<.05). At second period, It took longer in Cold-jet stream with infrared rewarmed than Cold-jet stream to rewarm skin(p<.05). Cold-jet stream with infrared combination therapy than Cold-jet stream had less incidence of cold pain(p<.05). Thickness of biceps brachii were found significant difference related measurment each group was consistent. In this study, Cold-jet stream with infrared combination therapy more effective than Cold-jet stream in reduced cold pain and lowering skin temperature. This work was supported by education capacity building project fund of Taegu Science University, 2012.